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Olav Nygaard

Publications and source records attributed to Olav Nygaard.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2022

Strictly convex renormings and the diameter 2 property

A Banach space (or its norm) is said to have the diameter $2$ property (D$2$P in short) if every nonempty relatively weakly open subset of its closed unit ball has diameter $2$. We construct an equivalent norm on $L_1[0,1]$ which is weakly midpoint locally uniformly rotund and has the D$2$P. We also prove that for Banach spaces admitting a norm-one finite-co-dimensional projection it is impossible to be uniformly rotund in every direction and at the same time have the D$2$P.

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arXiv2020

Isometric factorization of vector measures and applications to spaces of integrable functions

Let $X$ be a Banach space, $Σ$ be a $σ$-algebra, and $m:Σ\to X$ be a (countably additive) vector measure. It is a well known consequence of the Davis-Figiel-Johnson-Pelczýnski factorization procedure that there exist a reflexive Banach space $Y$, a vector measure $\tilde{m}:Σ\to Y$ and an injective operator $J:Y \to X$ such that $m$ factors as $m=J\circ \tilde{m}$. We elaborate some theory of factoring vector measures and their integration operators with the help of the isometric version of the Davis-Figiel-Johnson-Pelczýnski factorization procedure. Along this way, we sharpen a result of Okada and Ricker that if the integration operator on $L_1(m)$ is weakly compact, then $L_1(m)$ is equal, up to equivalence of norms, to some $L_1(\tilde m)$ where $Y$ is reflexive; here we prove that the above equality can be taken to be isometric.

math.FA↗
arXiv2017

New applications of extremely regular function spaces

Let $L$ be an infinite locally compact Hausdorff topological space. We show that extremely regular subspaces of $C_0(L)$ have very strong diameter $2$ properties and, for every real number $\varepsilon$ with $0<\varepsilon<1$, contain an $\varepsilon$-isometric copy of $c_0$. If $L$ does not contain isolated points they even have the Daugavet property, and thus contain an asymptotically isometric copy of $\ell_1$.

math.FA↗
arXiv2017

Strongly extreme points and approximation properties

We show that if $x$ is a strongly extreme point of a bounded closed convex subset of a Banach space and the identity has a geometrically and topologically good enough local approximation at $x$, then $x$ is already a denting point. It turns out that such an approximation of the identity exists at any strongly extreme point of the unit ball of a Banach space with the unconditional compact approximation property. We also prove that every Banach space with a Schauder basis can be equivalently renormed to satisfy the sufficient conditions mentioned. In contrast to the above results we also construct a non-symmetric norm on $c_0$ for which all points on the unit sphere are strongly extreme, but none of these points are denting.

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arXiv2017

Two properties of Müntz spaces

We show that Müntz spaces, as subspaces of $C[0,1]$, contain asymptotically isometric copies of $c_0$ and that their dual spaces are octahedral.

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arXiv2016

Diameter two properties, convexity and smoothness

We study smoothness and strict convexity of (the bidual) of Banach spaces in the presence of diameter 2 properties. We prove that the strong diameter 2 property prevents the bidual from being strictly convex and being smooth, and we initiate the investigation whether the same is true for the (local) diameter 2 property. We also give characterizations of the following property for a Banach space $X$: "For every slice $S$ of $B_X$ and every norm-one element $x$ in $S$, there is a point $y\in S$ in distance as close to 2 as we want." Spaces with this property are shown to have non-smooth bidual.

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arXiv2015

Uniform boundedness deciding sets, and a problem of M. Valdivia

We prove that if a set $B$ in a Banach space $X$ can be written as an increasing, countable union $B=\cup_n B_n$ of sets $B_n$ such that no $B_n$ is uniform boundedness deciding, then also $B$ is not uniform boundedness deciding. From this we can give a positive answer to a question of M. Valdivia.

math.FA↗
arXiv2015

Diameter 2 properties and convexity

We present an equivalent midpoint locally uniformly rotund (MLUR) renorming $X$ of $C[0,1]$ on which every weakly compact projection $P$ satisfies the equation $\|I-P\| = 1+\|P\|$ ($I$ is the identity operator on $X$). As a consequence we obtain an MLUR space $X$ with the properties D2P, that every non-empty relatively weakly open subset of its unit ball $B_X$ has diameter 2, and the LD2P+, that for every slice of $B_X$ and every norm 1 element $x$ inside the slice there is another element $y$ inside the slice of distance as close to 2 from $x$ as desired. An example of an MLUR space with the D2P, the LD2P+, and with convex combinations of slices of arbitrary small diameter is also given.

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arXiv2014

On thickness and thinness of Banach spaces

The aim of this note is to complement and extend some recent results on Whitley's indices of thinness and thickness in three main directions. Firstly, we investigate both the indices when forming $\ell_p$-sums of Banach spaces, and obtain formulas which show that they behave rather differently. Secondly, we consider the relation of the indices of the space and a subspace. Finally, every Banach space $X$ containing a copy of $c_0$ can be equivalently renormed so that in the new norm $c_0$ is an M-ideal in $X$ and both the thickness and thinness index of $X$ equal 1.

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arXiv2013

Almost isometric ideals in Banach spaces

A natural class of ideals, almost isometric ideals, of Banach spaces is defined and studied. The motivation for working with this class of subspaces is our observation that they inherit diameter 2 properties and the Daugavet property. Lindenstrauss spaces are known to be the class of Banach spaces that are ideals in every superspace; we show that being an almost isometric ideal in every superspace characterizes the class of Gurariy spaces.

math.FA↗
arXiv2013

Remarks on diameter 2 properties

If $X$ is an infinite-dimensional uniform algebra, if $X$ has the Daugavet property or if $X$ is a proper $M$-embedded space, every relatively weakly open subset of the unit ball of the Banach space $X$ is known to have diameter 2, i.e., $X$ has the diameter 2 property. We prove that in these three cases even every finite convex combination of relatively weakly open subsets of the unit ball have diameter 2. Further, we identify new examples of spaces with the diameter 2 property outside the formerly known cases; in particular we observe that forming $\ell_p$-sums of diameter 2 spaces does not ruin diameter 2 structure.

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arXiv2000

Boundedness and surjectivity in Banach spaces

We define the ($w^\ast$-) boundedness property and the ($w^\ast$-) surjectivity property for sets in normed spaces. We show that these properties are pairwise equivalent in complete normed spaces by characterizing them in terms of a category-like property called ($w^\ast$-) thickness. We give examples of interesting sets having or not having these properties. In particular, we prove that the tensor product of two $w^\ast$-thick sets in $\Xastast$ and $\Yast$ is a $w^\ast$-thick subset in $L(X,Y)^\ast$ and obtain as a concequense that the set $w^\ast -exp\:B_{K(l_2)^\ast}$ is $w^\ast$-thick.

math.FA↗