arXiv subjects

Olle Heinonen

Publications and source records attributed to Olle Heinonen.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2015

Blowing Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles

Soap bubbles form when blowing air through a suspended thin film of soapy water and this phenomenon entertains children and adults alike. The formation of soap bubbles from thin films is accompanied by topological transitions, and thus the natural question arises whether this concept is applicable to the generation of other topological states. Here we show how a magnetic topological structure, namely a skyrmion bubble, can be generated in a solid state system in a similar manner. Beyond enabling the investigation of complex surface-tension driven dynamics in a novel physical system, this observation has also practical implications, since the topological charge of magnetic skyrmions has been envisioned as an information carrier for new data processing technologies. A main goal towards this end is the experimental creation and manipulation of individual mobile skyrmions at room temperature. By utilizing an inhomogeneous in-plane current in a system with broken inversion asymmetry, we experimentally blow magnetic skyrmion bubbles through a geometrical constriction. The presence of a spatially divergent spin-orbit torque gives rise to instabilities of the magnetic domain structures that are reminiscent of Rayleigh-Plateau instabilities in fluid flows. Experimentally we can determine the electric current versus magnetic field phase diagram for skyrmion formation and we reveal the efficient manipulation of these dynamically created skyrmions, including depinning and motion. The demonstrated current-driven transformation from stripe domains to magnetic skyrmion bubbles could provide additional avenues for implementing skyrmion-based spintronics.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2015

Electronic and magnetic properties of Ti4O7 predicted by self-interaction corrected density functional theory

Understanding electronic properties of sub-stoichiometric phases of titanium oxide such as Magnéli phase Ti4O7 is crucial in designing and modeling resistive switching devices. Here we present our study on Magnéli phase Ti4O7 together with rutile TiO2 and Ti2O3 using density functional theory methods with atomic-orbital-based self-interaction correction (ASIC). We predict a new antiferromagnetic ground state in the low temperature phase (or LT phase), and we explain energy difference with a competing antiferromagnetic state using a Heisenberg model. The predicted energy ordering of these states in the LT phase is calculated to be robust in a wide range of modeled isotropic strain. We have also investigated the dependence of the electronic structures of the Ti-O phases on stoichiometry. The splitting of titanium t2g orbitals is enhanced with increasing oxygen deficiency as Ti-O is reduced. The electronic properties of all these phases can be reasonably well described by applying ASIC with a standard value for transition metal oxides of the empirical parameter α of 0.5 representing the magnitude of the applied self-interaction correction.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2013

Mode coupling in spin torque oscillators

A number of recent experimental works have shown that the dynamics of a single spin torque oscillator can exhibit complex behavior that stems from interactions between two or more modes of the oscillator. Examples are observed mode-hopping or mode coexistence. There has been some intial work indicating how the theory for a single-mode (macro-spin) spin torque oscillator should be generalized to include several modes and the interactions between them. In the present work, we derive such a theory starting with the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for magnetization dynamics. We compare our results with the single-mode theory, and show how it is a natural extension of that theory to include mode interactions.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2013

Generation linewidth of mode-hopping spin torque oscillators

Experiments on spin torque oscillators commonly observe multi-mode signals. Recent theoretical works have ascribed the multi-mode signal generation to coupling between energy-separated spin wave modes. Here, we analyze in detail the dynamics generated by such mode coupling. We show analytically that the mode-hopping dynamics broaden the generation linewidth and makes it generally well described by a Voigt lineshape. Furthermore, we show that the mode-hopping contribution to the linewidth can dominate in which case it provides a direct measure of the mode-hopping rate. Due to the thermal drive of mode-hopping events, the mode-hopping rate also provides information on the energy barrier separating modes and temperature-dependent linewidth broadening. Our results are in good agreement with experiments, revealing the physical mechanism behind the linewidth broadening in multi-mode spin torque oscillators.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2013

Spin wave mode coexistence on the nano-scale: A consequence of the Oersted field induced asymmetric energy landscape

It has been argued that if multiple spin wave modes are competing for the same centrally located energy source, as in a nanocontact spin torque oscillator, that only one mode should survive in the steady state. Here, the experimental conditions necessary for mode coexistence are explored. Mode coexistence is facilitated by the local field asymmetries induced by the spatially inhomogeneous Oersted field, which leads to a physical separation of the modes, and is further promoted by spin wave localization at reduced applied field angles. Finally, both simulation and experiment reveal a low frequency signal consistent with the intermodulation of two coexistent modes.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2013

Spectral analysis of topological defects in an artificial spin-ice lattice

Arrays of suitably patterned and arranged magnetic elements may display artificial spin-ice structures with topological defects in the magnetization, such as Dirac monopoles and Dirac strings. It is known that these defects strongly influence the quasi-static and equilibrium behavior of the spin-ice lattice. Here we study the eigenmode dynamics of such defects in a square lattice consisting of stadium-like thin film elements using micromagnetic simulations. We find that the topological defects display distinct signatures in the mode spectrum, providing a means to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze monopoles and strings which can be measured experimentally.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv1993

Surface Effects on Bulk Plasmons

We discuss the effects of surfaces on bulk plasma oscillations in a metallic film of thickness $L$. The leading corrections to the plasma frequencies due to the surfaces are proportional to $L^{-1}$. dispersion relation of bulk modes, $ω=ω_p[1+α(q^2/k_F^2)] $, where the allowed $q$-values are $q^{(n)}=(nπ/\overline L)$, $\overline L\equiv L-2d_b$, and $d_b$ is a complex length characteristic of the surface (reminiscent of but different from Feibelman's $d_\perp$). An explicit expression for $d_b$ is derived. Resonant excitation by an external field, $E_0e^{-iωt}$, is calculated.

cond-mat↗