arXiv subjects

Omar Alam

Publications and source records attributed to Omar Alam.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Large-Scale Analysis of Discussions by CS Educators Across the Stack Exchange Network

Stack Exchange is a widely used question-and-answer network that facilitates knowledge exchange across diverse domains. Within this network, the Computer Science (CS) Educators Stack Exchange provides a dedicated platform where CS educators exchange ideas, seek advice, and discuss teaching practices. In this study, we analyzed 79,854,463 Stack Exchange posts, comprising 32,187,805 questions and 47,666,658 answers, with a particular focus on English-language posts contributed by CS Educators participants. Using topic modeling, we identified, manually labeled, and hierarchically organized the underlying discussion topics, then examined their distribution and complexity. Our findings reveal evolving discussion patterns spanning both technical (IT) and non-technical (Non-IT) domains. Within the IT category, programming and software development were the most prominent topics, whereas mathematics, education, and the humanities received substantial attention within the Non-IT category. These results highlight the broad range of interests and expertise shared by CS educators and provide insights into their evolving priorities. We hope this work contributes to a better understanding of CS educators' knowledge-sharing practices and informs future efforts to better support their professional and educational needs.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2026

An Approach for Embedding-Guided Function Reuse Detection in Embedded C Software

Reusing embedded software functions across products is economically valuable but technically difficult: the same functionality implemented for two different microcontroller platforms can be entirely incompatible at the hardware level, even when the functions score above 0.90 cosine similarity and both pass SonarQube quality checks. Static analysis tools were designed to measure code quality, not hardware-domain compatibility, and have no model of peripheral interfaces, hardware abstraction layer (HAL) dependencies, or register-map constraints. This paper presents a domain-aware retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipeline for embedded C software reuse detection that addresses the hardware-compatibility gap directly. The pipeline enriches each function by extracting its existing inline comments, call-graph context, and a project README before embedding it with eight backbone models (MiniLM, MPNet, BGE, E5, GraphCodeBERT, OpenAI text-embedding-3-small, LLaMA 3 8B, StarCoder2 3B) acting as feature extractors. Four hardware-compatibility validators---covering peripheral token overlap, parameter count parity, call-graph dependency overlap, and structural branching pattern---filter candidates directly in the retrieval stack. Evaluated on six public embedded C software projects (184 functions, 4,815 above-plateau pairs), the pipeline reveals that SonarQube produces a 93.6% false-positive rate as a reuse filter, with 83.5% of failures caused by hardware-environment mismatches that static analysis cannot detect. Manual verification of 40 rejected pairs confirms 97.5% validator accuracy, and a diagnostic rule-injection variant identifies the dominant failure categories (McNemar chi-squared~=~294.0, p~$<$~0.001).

cs.SE↗

arXiv2026

Scalable Transit Delay Prediction at City Scale: A Systematic Approach with Multi-Resolution Feature Engineering and Deep Learning

Urban bus transit agencies need reliable, network-wide delay predictions to provide accurate arrival information to passengers and support real-time operational control. Accurate predictions help passengers plan their trips, reduce waiting time, and allow operations staff to adjust headways, dispatch extra vehicles, and manage disruptions. Although real-time feeds such as GTFS-Realtime (GTFS-RT) are now widely available, most existing delay prediction systems handle only a few routes, depend on hand-crafted features, and offer little guidance on how to design a scalable, reusable architecture. We present a city-scale prediction pipeline that combines multi-resolution feature engineering, dimensionality reduction, and deep learning. The framework generates 1,683 spatiotemporal features by exploring 23 aggregation combinations over H3 cells, routes, segments, and temporal patterns, and compresses them into 83 components using Adaptive PCA while preserving 95% of the variance. To avoid the "giant cluster" problem that occurs when dense urban areas fall into a single H3 region, we introduce a hybrid H3+topology clustering method that yields 12 balanced route clusters (coefficient of variation 0.608) and enables efficient distributed training. We compare five model architectures on six months of bus operations from the Soci\'et\'e de transport de Montr\'eal (STM) network in Montr\'eal. A global LSTM with cluster-aware features achieves the best trade-off between accuracy and efficiency, outperforming transformer models by 18 to 52% while using 275 times fewer parameters. We also report multi-level evaluation at the elementary segment, segment, and trip level with walk-forward validation and latency analysis, showing that the proposed pipeline is suitable for real-time, city-scale deployment and can be reused for other networks with limited adaptation.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2024

What Do Developers Discuss in Their Workplace? An Analysis of Workplace StackExchange Discussions

Software workplaces are increasingly recognized as key spaces for professional development, where developers encounter various challenges in their roles, which they often discuss in online forums. This paper analyzes 47,368 posts on the Workplace StackExchange site, aggregating developer insights and applying topic modeling techniques. Through manual analysis, we identified 46 distinct topics grouped into seven categories: Employee Wellness, Communication, Career Movement \& Hiring, Conflicts \& Mistakes, Corporate Policies, Management/Supervisor Responsibilities, and Learning \& Technical Skills. Our findings show that approximately 30\% of discussions involve workplace conflicts, marking this as the most prominent topic. Additionally, we found that workplace culture, harassment, and other corporate policy-related issues represent significant areas of difficulty commonly discussed among developers.

cs.SE↗

arXiv2021

A Fine-grained Data Set and Analysis of Tangling in Bug Fixing Commits

Context: Tangled commits are changes to software that address multiple concerns at once. For researchers interested in bugs, tangled commits mean that they actually study not only bugs, but also other concerns irrelevant for the study of bugs. Objective: We want to improve our understanding of the prevalence of tangling and the types of changes that are tangled within bug fixing commits. Methods: We use a crowd sourcing approach for manual labeling to validate which changes contribute to bug fixes for each line in bug fixing commits. Each line is labeled by four participants. If at least three participants agree on the same label, we have consensus. Results: We estimate that between 17% and 32% of all changes in bug fixing commits modify the source code to fix the underlying problem. However, when we only consider changes to the production code files this ratio increases to 66% to 87%. We find that about 11% of lines are hard to label leading to active disagreements between participants. Due to confirmed tangling and the uncertainty in our data, we estimate that 3% to 47% of data is noisy without manual untangling, depending on the use case. Conclusion: Tangled commits have a high prevalence in bug fixes and can lead to a large amount of noise in the data. Prior research indicates that this noise may alter results. As researchers, we should be skeptics and assume that unvalidated data is likely very noisy, until proven otherwise.

cs.SE↗