Influence of Ultramicroporosity and Surface Chemistry on Dynamic CO2 Capture in Activated Carbons
Activated carbons are promising adsorbents for post-combustion CO2 capture due to their high surface area, tunable microporosity, and resistance to moisture and flue-gas impurities. Despite extensive equilibrium adsorption studies, the dynamic behavior of activated carbons under fixed-bed operating conditions relevant to post-combustion CO2/N2 remains insufficiently understood, particularly for renewable materials. In this work, the adsorption and separation behavior of CO2/N2 mixtures on a commercial coal-derived activated carbon (WS-480) and a biomass-based activated carbon (MSP700-A900CO2) is comparatively evaluated by combining experimental measurements and simulations. We examine the physicochemical properties of both materials, revealing that although WS-480 exhibits a higher of porosity, MSP700-A900CO2 contains a larger fraction of ultramicropores (<0.7 nm) and a broader distribution of oxygen-containing functional groups. These characteristics result in higher CO2 adsorption capacities for MSP700-A900CO2 in fixed-bed breakthrough experiments conducted under varying flow rates, temperatures and CO2 concentrations. We employ atomistic activated carbon models, augmented with surface functional groups as representations of WS-480 and MSP700-A900CO2, achieving close agreement with experimental adsorption data. The validated models are subsequently used to predict CO2/N2 separation under equilibrium and dynamic conditions, reproducing the experimental breakthrough behavior while providing molecular-level insight into the influence of pore structure and surface chemistry on adsorption performance.