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P. Kumar

Publications and source records attributed to P. Kumar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Dimensional Crossover of Mass Anisotropy in Ta-doped WTe2

The observation of extremely large magnetoresistance in WTe2 has attracted considerable attention towards understanding its underlying origin. With its layered van der Waals structure, the question that remains largely unexplored is whether the three-dimensional anisotropic transport characteristics of WTe2 persists under chemical substitution. Here, we present a systematic angle-dependent magneto-transport study of single-crystalline TaxW1-xTe2 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1). The results are analysed within a mass anisotropy scaling framework to extract the mass anisotropy parameter {\gamma} as a function of temperature and doping. It is observed that Ta substitution leads to monotonic increase of {\gamma} across all temperatures, indicating a progressive deepening of quasi-two-dimensional Fermi surface character. Ta doping also leads to a substantial improvement in crystalline quality, reflected in a pronounced increase in the residual resistivity ratio. Despite weakening electron-hole compensation, the magnetoresistance rises sharply to ~58,211% at x = 0.1, which is assigned to a substantial enhancement in carrier mobility. Rietveld refinement confirms a systematic c-axis contraction with Ta content, identifying the structural origin of the enhanced anisotropy. The mass anisotropy scaling that holds for x = 0 and x = 0.05 breaks down for x = 0.1, where the angular magneto-resistance anisotropy substantially exceeds single-ellipsoid predictions, pointing to a multi-pocket Fermi surface with distinct anisotropies. Nonlinear Hall resistivity provides independent evidence for the underlying multiband character of transport in this system. These findings demonstrate that Fermi surface anisotropy, carrier compensation, and mobility are independent parameters that can lead to tuneable control of large magnetoresistance in topological semimetal WTe2.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Construction, commissioning, and beam test of a pilot 3D-projection opaque water-based liquid scintillator detector

We report on the design, construction, and beam test of a pilot three-dimensional projection detector based on opaque water-based liquid scintillator (oWbLS). The detector consists of an $8 \times 8 \times 16$ cm$^3$ acrylic vessel instrumented with three orthogonal planes of Kuraray Y11 multi-clad wavelength-shifting fibers read out by Hamamatsu multi-pixel photon counters. The readout electronics are based on the CITIROC front-end boards developed for the WAGASCI and SuperFGD detectors of the T2K experiment. The detector was filled with oWbLS and tested with cosmic rays and proton beams of 50, 100, 250, and 500 MeV kinetic energy at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven National Laboratory. We present three-dimensional event displays of cosmic muon and proton beam candidates, and a study of transverse light confinement via radial charge distribution measurements. The measured data show tighter light confinement than a Geant4 simulation with a 2 cm scattering length, placing the effective scattering length well below 2 cm and confirming effective optical confinement of scintillation light in the oWbLS medium. A first measurement of the hit-level timing resolution using 500 MeV proton beam data yields a single-channel timing resolution of $\sigma_t \approx 0.17$--$0.28$ ns with good photostatistics. These results demonstrate the viability of the 3D-projection oWbLS technology as a scalable, fully-active detector concept for next-generation particle physics experiments.

physics.ins-det

Multiferroicity in the Presence of Exchange Bias: The Case of Spinel CoMn2O4

Ferrimagnetic spinel materials of formula AB2X4, where A and B are transition metals and X is oxygen or sulphur, hold promise for the realization of multiferroic characteristics. In this work, we report synthesis of spinel CoMn2O4 and explore its magnetic, dielectric, and ferroelectric aspects and their correlations. Polycrystalline CoMn2O4 was synthesized by using the conventional solid-state method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the phase purity of the synthesized compound. The crystal structure was identified with tetragonal symmetry (I41/amd space group). DC magnetization measurements indicate two magnetic transitions: one at temperature T1 ~ 186 K, followed by another Yafet-Kittel (YK) ferrimagnetic transition at T2 ~ 86 K. A frequency independent anomaly in the temperature dependent dielectric permittivity is observed near the low magnetic ordering temperature (T2). This reflects the possibility of the correlation between lattice dynamics and spin ordering in spinel CoMn2O4. A substantial exchange bias was also observed below T2 ~ 86 K. The change in dielectric permittivity in the presence of applied magnetic field follows the square of the magnetization dependence, which is consistent with Ginzburg-Landau theory. However, the detailed pyroelectric current measurements reveal the absence of intrinsic ferroelectric order.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Design, construction, and operation of a 30-ton Water-based Liquid scintillator detector at Brookhaven National Laboratory

Water-based Liquid Scintillator (WbLS) was proposed over a decade ago as a novel detector medium that might allow the separation and tuning of the relative ratio of the Cherenkov and scintillation signals. A detector employing this technology could support large-scale neutrino detection over both the GeV and MeV energy regimes, while its metal-loading capability could provide an effective means of neutron tagging. WbLS is attractive for two reasons. It can be deployed in very large detectors. It also allows in-situ tuning of the scintillator concentration, and hence the ratio of Cherenkov to scintillation light. Neither pure water Cherenkov detectors nor conventional liquid scintillator detectors offer this capability. At Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), two prototypes have been built for understanding WbLS properties and stability, with masses of 1-ton and 30-ton, respectively. We present here the 30-ton prototype detector design, installation, and initial operation including the real-time observation of a transient optical response during the staged scintillator injection. Results from the analysis of data collected in the two detectors will follow in separate publications.

physics.ins-det

Measurement of Light Yield Response of Gd-compatible Water-based Liquid Scintillator with the Brookhaven 1-ton testbed

The Water-based Liquid Scintillator (WbLS) enables hybrid detection by combining scintillation and Cherenkov signals, providing superior event reconstruction capabilities compared to conventional neutrino detectors. We measured the light yield of Gd-compatible WbLS at varying concentrations from 0.35\% to 1\% by mass, using cosmic-ray muons in a 1-ton scale detector at BNL. The light yield is measured as (69.16 $\pm$ 6.92) ph / MeV at 0.35\% concentration, which increased to (87.32 $\pm$ 8.73) ph / MeV at 1\%. These results establish a quantitative basis for optimizing future WbLS-based detectors in neutrino physics.

physics.ins-det

A precision apparatus for high harmonic spectroscopy in bulk solids

High harmonic generation (HHG) in solids has emerged as a powerful spectroscopic method for resolving ultrafast electron dynamics and band structure properties across a wide range of materials. However, quantitative HHG studies require instrumentation capable of delivering stable driving fields, precise crystal alignment, and broadband detection spanning the UV to the extreme ultraviolet (EUV). Here we present an integrated apparatus engineered specifically for high-accuracy, field-strength and orientation-dependent HHG measurements in bulk solids. The system incorporates dispersion-neutral intensity-control for few-cycle pulses, a vacuum HHG module with sub-micrometer and sub-degree sample positioning, and an imaging assembly that stabilizes the focal spot position and enables spatial filtering of the emitted harmonics. A synchronized dual-spectrometer scheme provides simultaneous UV/VUV and EUV radiation detection, while absolute electric field calibration is achieved through gas-phase attosecond streaking. Together, these capabilities establish a versatile and quantitatively reliable platform for solid-state HHG spectroscopy. The methodology is broadly adaptable to various laser sources and material classes, and supports future efforts aimed at reconstructing valence-electron potentials, tracking strong-field dynamics, and mapping electronic structure with sub-cycle temporal resolution.

physics.optics

Deciphering the dynamics of the light-induced phase transition in VO$_2$

Vanadium dioxide (VO$_2$) is central in the study of ultrafast photoinduced insulator-to-metal phase transitions in strongly correlated materials, and a primary candidate for next-generation light-driven devices. However, the physical mechanism underlying its phase transition remains unresolved. Here, we use single-cycle light transients to perform phase-resolved ultrafast spectroscopy on VO$_2$ crystals. Our experiments reveal two processes: a structural transformation from the insulating monoclinic M1-VO$_2$ phase to the excited metallic rutile R*-VO$_2$ phase, followed by electron thermalization and relaxation dynamics intrinsic to the newly formed excited metallic phase.

cond-mat.str-el

Interference Between FM Cell Sites and CDMA Cell Sites

Interference is the major problem now days in telecommunication sector. One type of interference which is very common now days is FM Cell sites interference between CDMA Cell sites. Which are the types of interference and various observations during this interference is discussed below in this paper.

cs.NI

Design and Commissioning of an LWA Swarm Station: The Long Wavelength Array -- North Arm

Modern radio interferometers are designed with increasingly sprawling geographical footprints, offering enhanced sensitivity and resolution. However, managing such extensive facilities presents operational challenges that can potentially impede or delay scientific progress. One solution to such obstacles is the `swarm telescope' concept which enables collaborative use of individual telescope systems, overseen by separate institutions, to create a more powerful and manageable facility. We present the design, construction, and commissioning of the Long Wavelength Array -- North Arm (LWA-NA) station, a prototype 64-element LWA Swarm telescope. LWA-NA is a cost-efficient, rapidly deployable platform for radio astronomy, and serves as a pathfinder for the larger LWA Swarm project.

astro-ph.IM

100,000 Crab giant pulses at 215 MHz detected with an SKA-Low prototype station

We report detection and analysis of the largest low-frequency (200 - 231.25 MHz) sample of Crab giant pulses (GPs) reported in the literature. In total about 95000 GPs were detected. The observations were performed in 2024/2025 with the EDA2, a prototype station of the SKA-Low telescope. The fluence distribution of GPs in the entire sample is very well characterised with a single power law (no flattening at higher fluences) N(F) $\propto$ F$^\alpha$, where $\alpha = -3.17\pm0.02$ for all GPs, and $\alpha_{MP} = -3.13\pm0.02$ and $\alpha_{IP} = -3.59\pm0.06$ for GPs at the phases of the main pulse and interpulse respectively. The index of the power law fluence distribution remained approximately constant over the observing period, but the normalisation of the distribution was strongly correlated with the scatter broadening time ($\tau$). As a result, the measured fluence distribution increased for lower ($\tau \approx$ 2 ms) and decreased for higher ($\tau \approx$ 5 ms) scatter broadening time $\tau$ causing the GP rate to vary between 3000 and 100 per hour respectively. The timescale of variations (weeks) indicates refractive scintillation as the root cause. We also observe a strong positive correlation between the scatter broadening time and dispersion measure. Our modelling favours the screen of the size $\sim10^{-5}$ pc and mean electron density $\sim 400$e$^{-}$cm$^{-3}$ located within 100 pc from the pulsar. The frequency scaling of the scattering broadening time ($\tau \propto \nu^{\beta}$) with $\beta \approx -3.6\pm0.1$ is in agreement with earlier measurements. Our results agree with the current views that GPs from extra-galactic Crab-like pulsars can be responsible for very weak repeating FRBs, but cannot explain the entire FRB population. Finally, these results demonstrate an enormous scientific potential of individual SKA-Low stations.

astro-ph.HE

Optimizing Multi-Hop Quantum Communication using Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation Protocol

In this paper, we introduce a new method for Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation called Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation using the Modified Dijkstra Algorithm and Quantum Walk (BQT-MDQW). This method uses different types of entangled states, such as the GHZ-Bell state, W-Bell state, and Cluster-Bell state, to improve quantum communication in multi-hop quantum wireless networks. We focus on the W-Bell state and compare the quantum Dijkstra algorithm with the classical Dijkstra method to see which one works better. We apply both versions to quantum and classical simulators, measuring their performance through fidelity, memory utilization, and throughput calculations. Our results show that the shortest path problem may be solved with significantly reduced computer complexity using the quantum Dijkstra algorithm based on quantum walks. The introduction of a quantum walk, which permits dynamic transitions between quantum channels and the effective exploration of quantum network states, is an important part of the protocol. Using the capacity of the quantum walk to adjust to changing quantum states, we also introduce a method for successfully identifying unitary matrices under varying quantum channels. The bidirectional teleportation structure of the protocol is designed to solve the multi-hop teleportation problem in quantum wireless networks. In addition, we present quantum Dijkstra's algorithm, which uses quantum gates to significantly decrease computational complexity and solve the networking problem by building on the quantum walk framework. This method shows how quantum computing may be used to solve arbitrary optimization issues such as the shortest path problem. Finally, we present a novel multi-hop quantum teleportation system encompassing both unidirectional and bidirectional communication, as introduced in the quantum Dijkstra algorithm system...

quant-ph

Synthetic Remote-sensing and In-situ Observations of Fine-scale Structure in a Pseudostreamer Coronal Mass Ejection through the Solar Corona

Coronal pseudostreamer flux systems have a specific magnetic configuration that influences the morphology and evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from these regions. Here we continue the analysis of the Wyper et al. (2024, ApJ 975, 168) magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a CME eruption from an idealized pseudostreamer configuration through the construction of synthetic remote-sensing and in-situ observational signatures. We examine the pre-eruption and eruption signatures in extreme ultraviolet and white-light from the low corona through the extended solar atmosphere. We calculate synthetic observations corresponding to several Parker Solar Probe-like trajectories at $\sim$10$R_\odot$ to highlight the fine-scale structure of the CME eruption in synthetic WISPR imagery and the differences between the in-situ plasma and field signatures of flank and central CME-encounter trajectories. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of several aspects of our simulation results in the context of interpretation and analysis of current and future Parker Solar Probe data.

astro-ph.SR

Experimental realization of scanning quantum microscopy

Quantum imaging is an ever expanding research field, in which the aim is to exploit the quantum nature of light to enhance image reconstruction capabilities. Despite a number of successful demonstrations for quantum imaging, quantum microscopy still seems out of the range for practical applications, due to different physical and technical reasons. Here we propose an imaging method exploiting the quantum correlations of photon pairs and a scanning microscope to achieve fast, single mode quantum imaging. We first test our technique on a metal grating to estimate the resolution capabilities of our system. Moreover, we asses its potential in terms of the number of available independent pixels at full resolution compared to different quantum imaging approaches. Finally, we demonstrate scanning quantum microscopy of onion epithelial cells, paving the way towards scalable quantum microscopy for bio-physical applications. Our results, combined with the rapidly evolving photon-pair generation and detection technology towards the mid-infrared, could lead to an extension of quantum microscopy applications towards the mid-infrared, to access the molecular fingerprint region.

quant-ph

Prospects of phase-adaptive cooling of levitated magnetic particles in a hollow-core photonic-crystal fibre

We analyze the feasibility of cooling of classical motion of a micro- to nano-sized magnetic particle, levitated inside a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The cooling action is implemented by means of controlling the relative phase between counter-propagating fiber guided waves. Direct imaging of the particle's position allows dynamic phase adjustments that produce a Stokes-type cooling force. We provide estimates of cooling efficiency and final achievable temperature, taking into account thermal and detection noise sources. Our results bring forward an important step towards using trapped micro-magnets in sensing, testing the fundamental physics and preparing the quantum states of magnetization.

physics.optics

A Model for Flux Rope Formation and Disconnection in Pseudostreamer Coronal Mass Ejections

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from pseudostreamers represent a significant fraction of large-scale eruptions from the Sun. In some cases, these CMEs take a narrow jet-like form reminiscent of coronal jets; in others, they have a much broader fan-shaped morphology like CMEs from helmet streamers. We present results from a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a broad pseudostreamer CME. The early evolution of the eruption is initiated through a combination of breakout interchange reconnection at the overlying null point and ideal instability of the flux rope that forms within the pseudostreamer. This stage is characterised by a rolling motion and deflection of the flux rope toward the breakout current layer. The stretching out of the strapping field forms a flare current sheet below the flux rope; reconnection onset there forms low-lying flare arcade loops and the two-ribbon flare footprint. Once the CME flux rope breaches the rising breakout current layer, interchange reconnection with the external open field disconnects one leg from the Sun. This induces a whip-like rotation of the flux rope, generating the unstructured fan shape characteristic of pseudostreamer CMEs. Interchange reconnection behind the CME releases torsional Alfv\'en waves and bursty dense outflows into the solar wind. Our results demonstrate that pseudostreamer CMEs follow the same overall magnetic evolution as coronal jets, although they present different morphologies of their ejecta. We conclude that pseudostreamer CMEs should be considered a class of eruptions that are distinct from helmet-streamer CMEs, in agreement with previous observational studies.

astro-ph.SR

The Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transient incoherent-sum survey

With wide-field phased array feed technology,the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) is ideally suited to search for seemingly rare radio transient sources that are difficult to discover previous-generation narrow-field telescopes. The Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transient (CRAFT) Survey Science Project has developed instrumentation to continuously search for fast radio transients (duration < 1 second) with ASKAP, with a particular focus on finding and localising Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). Since 2018, the CRAFT survey has been searching for FRBs and other fast transients by incoherently adding the intensities received by individual ASKAP antennas, and then correcting for the impact of frequency dispersion on these short-duration signals in the resultant incoherent sum (ICS) in real-time. This low-latency detection enables the triggering of voltage buffers, which facilitates the localisation of the transient source and the study of spectro-polarimetric properties at high time resolution. Here we report the sample of 43 FRBs discovered in this CRAFT/ICS survey to date. This includes 22 FRBs that had not previously been reported: 16 FRBs localised by ASKAP to < 1 arcsec and 6 FRBs localised to ~ 10 arcmin. Of the new arcsecond-localised FRBs, we have identified and characterised host galaxies (and measured redshifts) for 11. The median of all 30 measured host redshifts from the survey to date is z=0.23. We summarise results from the searches, in particular those contributing to our understanding of the burst progenitors and emission mechanisms, and on the use of bursts as probes of intervening media. We conclude by foreshadowing future FRB surveys with ASKAP using a coherent detection system that is currently being commissioned. This will increase the burst detection rate by a factor of approximately ten and also the distance to which ASKAP can localise FRBs.

astro-ph.HE

Quantum Linear Magnetoresistance and Fermi Liquid Behavior in Kagome Metal Ni3In2S2

Kagome metals gain attention as they manifest a spectrum of quantum phenomena, including superconductivity, charge order, frustrated magnetism, and intertwined correlated states of condensed matter. With regard to electronic band structure, several of the them exhibit non-trivial topological characteristics. Here, we present a thorough investigation on the growth and the physical properties of single crystals of Ni3In2S2 which is established to be a Dirac nodal line Kagome metal. Extensive characterization is attained through temperature and field-dependent resistivity, angle-dependent magnetoresistance and specific heat measurements. In most metals, the Fermi liquid behaviour is mostly restricted to a narrow range of temperature. In Ni3In2S2, this characteristic feature has been observed for an extensive temperature range of 82 K. This is attributed to the strong electron-electron correlation in the material. Specific heat measurements reveal a high Kadowaki-Woods ratio which is in good agreement with strongly correlated systems. Almost linear positive magnetoresistance follows the conventional Kohler scaling which depicts the applicability of semi-classical theories. The angle-dependent magneto-resistance been explained using the Voigt-Thomson formula. Furthermore, de-Haas van Alphen oscillations are observed in magnetization vs. magnetic field measurement which shed light on the topological features in the Shandite Ni3In2S2.

cond-mat.str-el

Cannonball or Bowling Ball: A Proper Motion and Parallax for PSR J0002+6216

We report the results of careful astrometric measurements of the Cannonball pulsar J0002+6216 carried out over three years using the High Sensitivity Array (HSA). We significantly refine the proper motion to $\mu=35.3\pm0.6$ mas yr$^{-1}$ and place new constraints on the distance, with the overall effect of lowering the velocity and increasing the inferred age to $47.60\pm0.80$ kyr. Although the pulsar is brought more in line with the standard natal kick distribution, this new velocity has implications for the morphology of the pulsar wind nebula that surrounds it, the density of the interstellar medium through which it travels, and the age of the supernova remnant (CTB 1) from which it originates.

astro-ph.HE