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P. Molaro

Publications and source records attributed to P. Molaro.

165 records · Page 10Linked to original sources

Lithium Abundance of Halo Dwarfs Revised

Lithium abundances in a sample of halo dwarfs have been redetermined by using the new T$_{eff}$ derived by Fuhrmann et al (1994) from modelling of the Balmer lines. These T$_{eff}$ are reddening independent, homogeneous and of higher quality than those based on broad band photometry. Abundances have been derived by generating new atmospheric models by using the ATLAS-9 code by Kurucz (1993) with enhanced $α$-elements and without the overshooting option. The revised abundances show a remarkably flat {\it plateau} in the Li-T$_{eff}$ plane for T$_{eff}$$>$ 5700 K with no evidence of trend with T$_{eff}$ or falloff at the hottest edge. Li abundances are not correlated with metallicity for [Fe/H]$<$ -1.4 in contrast with Thorburn (1994). All the determinations are consistent with the same pristine lithium abundance and the errors estimated for individual stars fully account for the observed dispersion. The weighted average Li value for the 24 stars of the plateau with T$_{eff}$$> $ 5700 K and [Fe/H]$\le$ -1.4, is [Li] = 2.210 $\pm$ 0.013, or 2.224 when non-LTE corrections by Carlsson et al (1994) are considered.

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New results on the Gunn-Peterson Effect at High Redshift

Attempts to measure the optical depth due to a diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM) in the spectra of high redshift quasars (GP test) within the ESO key program on the intergalactic medium are reviewed. It is shown that there is no evidence for any Gunn-Peterson effect up to the highest redshifts observable in quasar spectra. The Ly$α$ line statistics consistent with this limit is not able to explain the strong absorption observed at the HeII forest in one QSO, leaving room for a true HeII GP effect. The HI/HeII GP ratio implies a steep ionizing UV background at $z\sim 5$ and ionizing sources of stellar origin.

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The Gunn-Peterson Effect in the Spectrum of the Z=4.7 QSO 1202-0725: The Intergalactic Medium at Very High Redshift

A measure of the average depression between Lyman absorption lines in the spectrum of the faint quasar BR1202-0725 ($z_{em}=4.695$) is presented. The relatively high resolution of the spectrum ($\sim 40$ km s$^{-1}$) allows the selection of regions free of strong absorption lines in the Lyman alpha forest. A reliable evaluation of the continuum shape is based on the careful flux calibration and on the large wavelength interval covered (5000--9300 ~Å). A best estimate of $τ_{_{GP}}\leq 0.02\pm 0.03$ has been found for the Gunn-Peterson optical depth at the highest absorption redshift observed at this resolution, $z \simeq 4.3$. The derived baryon density of the intergalactic medium is $Ω_{IGM}\mincir 0.01$ if the observed quasars are the major contributor to the ionizing UV background flux. This limit, when compared with the total baryon density deduced from the nucleosynthesis, could imply that most of the baryons are already in bound systems at $z\sim 5$.

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