arXiv subjects

Pan

Publications and source records attributed to Pan.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

A Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Travel Time Gap and Inequality Between Public Transportation and Personal Vehicles

The increased use of personal vehicles presents environmental challenges, prompting the exploration of public transportation as an affordable, eco-friendly alternative. However, obstacles like fixed schedules, limited routes, and extended travel times impede widespread adoption. This study investigates the temporal evolution of spatial inequality in the travel time gap between public transportation and personal vehicles, reflecting disparities across states and time periods. Analyzing Census Transportation Planning Program data for six northeastern states in 2010 and 2016 reveals no significant increase in the travel time gap, but notable growth in inequality in a few urban and disadvantaged communities. Comprehending these trends is vital for fostering equitable advancements in transportation infrastructure and enhancing public transportation competitiveness.

stat.AP↗

arXiv2024

Factors Influencing Mode Choice of Adults with Travel-Limiting Disability

Despite the plethora of research devoted to analyzing the impact of disability on travel behavior, not enough studies have investigated the varying impact of social and environmental factors on the mode choice of people with disabilities that restrict their ability to use transportation modes efficiently. This research gap can be addressed by investigating the factors influencing the mode choice behavior of people with travel-limiting disabilities, which can inform the development of accessible and sustainable transportation systems. Additionally, such studies can provide insights into the social and economic barriers faced by this population group, which can help policymakers to promote social inclusion and equity. This study utilized a Random Parameters Logit model to identify the individual, trip, and environmental factors that influence mode selection among people with travel-limiting disabilities. Using the 2017 National Household Travel Survey data for New York State, which included information on respondents with travel-limiting disabilities, the analysis focused on a sample of 8,016 people. In addition, climate data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration were integrated as additional explanatory variables in the modeling process. The results revealed that people with disabilities may be inclined to travel longer distances walking in the absence of suitable accommodation facilities for other transportation modes. Furthermore, people were less inclined to walk during summer and winter, indicating a need to consider weather conditions as a significant determinant of mode choice. Moreover, low-income people with disabilities were more likely to rely on public transport or walking.

stat.AP↗

arXiv2024

Understanding Electric Vehicle Ownership Using Data Fusion and Spatial Modeling

The global shift toward electric vehicles (EVs) for climate sustainability lacks comprehensive insights into the impact of the built environment on EV ownership, especially in varying spatial contexts. This study, focusing on New York State, integrates data fusion techniques across diverse datasets to examine the influence of socioeconomic and built environmental factors on EV ownership. The utilization of spatial regression models reveals consistent coefficient values, highlighting the robustness of the results, with the Spatial Lag model better at capturing spatial autocorrelation. Results underscore the significance of charging stations within a 10-mile radius, indicative of a preference for convenient charging options influencing EV ownership decisions. Factors like higher education levels, lower rental populations, and concentrations of older population align with increased EV ownership. Utilizing publicly available data offers a more accessible avenue for understanding EV ownership across regions, complementing traditional survey approaches.

stat.AP↗

arXiv2023

Which Model Shall I Choose? Cost/Quality Trade-offs for Text Classification Tasks

Industry practitioners always face the problem of choosing the appropriate model for deployment under different considerations, such as to maximize a metric that is crucial for production, or to reduce the total cost given financial concerns. In this work, we focus on the text classification task and present a quantitative analysis for this challenge. Using classification accuracy as the main metric, we evaluate the classifiers' performances for a variety of models, including large language models, along with their associated costs, including the annotation cost, training (fine-tuning) cost, and inference cost. We then discuss the model choices for situations like having a large number of samples needed for inference. We hope our work will help people better understand the cost/quality trade-offs for the text classification task.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2023

Proton FLASH irradiation platform for small animal setup at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

Background : Proton flash therapy is an emergency research topic in radiation therapy since the Varian announced the promising results from the first in human clinical trial of Flash therapy recently. However, it still needs a lot of researches on this topic, not only to understand the mechanism of the radiobiological effects but also to develop an appropriate dose monitoring system. Purpose : In this study we setup an experimental station for small animal proton Flash irradiation in a clinical machine. The dose monitoring system is able to provide real-time irradiation dose and irradiation time structure. Methods : The dose monitoring system includes homebrewed transmission ionization chamber (TIC), plastic scintillator based beam position monitor, and Poor Man Faraday Cup (FC). Both TIC and FC are equipped with a homebrewed fast reading current integral electronics device. The imaging guidance system comprises a moveable CT, laser, as well as attaching a bead on the body surface of the mouse can accurately guide the testing small animal in position. Results : The dose monitoring system can provide the time structure of delivered dose rate within 1 ms time resolution. Experimental testing results show that the highest dose in one pulse of 230 MeV proton that can be delivered to the target is about 20 Gy during 199 ms pulse period at 100 Gy/s dose rate. Conclusion : A proton research irradiation platform dedicated for studying small animal Flash biological effects has been established at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. The final setup data represent a reference for the beam users to plan the experiments as well as for the improvement of the facility.

physics.med-ph↗