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Paolo Gambino

Publications and source records attributed to Paolo Gambino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Inclusive $\bar B_s\mapsto X_{\bar sc} \ell \bar ν$ decays from lattice QCD: computational strategy and a first physical result

We present a strategy to compute the inclusive decay rate for the process $\bar B_s \mapsto X_{\bar sc} \ell \barν$ from first principles in lattice QCD. The physical decay rate is obtained from the interpolation of non-perturbative lattice data, obtained at lighter than physical heavy meson masses ($M_{\bar B_s}^\mathrm{max}=4.3$GeV), with the Operator Product Expansion predictions, which become exact in the limit of infinitely heavy quarks. We also present a new method for the computation of the required lattice four-point correlators, which represents a considerable improvement over the state-of-the-art on the subject. We show the effectiveness of the strategy by performing the calculation on a subset of the available $n_f=2+1+1$ physical-point Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration (ETMC) gauge ensembles. Our current determination of the inclusive decay rate has a 7% total error, that is dominated by uncertainties due to the relatively limited configuration ensembles considered herein, and can be significantly reduced in the near future.

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New Physics in inclusive $\bar{B} \to X_c \ell \barν$ decays

We present the first global phenomenological fit of inclusive $\bar B\to X_c\ell\barν$ observables to all available experimental data allowing for generic dimension-six New Physics interactions in the Weak Effective Theory. The fit includes both New Physics Wilson coefficients and non-perturbative QCD parameters. New Physics contributions are calculated including power corrections up to $\mathcal O(Λ_{\rm QCD}^3/m_b^3)$ and perturbative QCD corrections up to $\mathcal O(α_s)$. We find no significant preference for New Physics and obtain bounds on the size of the relevant Wilson Coefficients competitive with those coming from exclusive modes.

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Inclusive semileptonic decays of the $D_s$ meson: A first-principles lattice QCD calculation

We present the results of a first-principles theoretical study of the inclusive semileptonic decays of the $D_s$ meson. We performed a state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculation using the gauge ensembles produced by the Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration (ETMC) with dynamical light, strange and charm quarks with physical masses and employed the so-called Hansen-Lupo-Tantalo (HLT) method to extract the decay rate and the first two lepton-energy moments from the relevant Euclidean correlators. We have carefully taken into account all sources of systematic errors, including the ones associated with the continuum and infinite-volume extrapolations and with the HLT spectral reconstruction method. We obtained results in very good agreement with the currently available experimental determinations and with a total accuracy at the few-percent level, of the same order of magnitude of the experimental error. Our total error is dominated by the lattice QCD simulations statistical uncertainties and is certainly improvable. From the results presented and thoroughly discussed in this paper we conclude that it is nowadays possible to study heavy mesons inclusive semileptonic decays on the lattice at a phenomenologically relevant level of accuracy. The phenomenological implications of our physical results are the subject of a companion letter [1].

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Inclusive semileptonic decays of the $D_{s}$ meson: Lattice QCD confronts experiments

We present the results of a first-principles theoretical study of the inclusive semileptonic decays of the $D_{s}$ meson. We performed a state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculation by taking into account all sources of systematic errors. A detailed discussion of our lattice calculation, demonstrating that inclusive semileptonic decays can nowadays be studied on the lattice at a phenomenologically relevant level of accuracy, is the subject of a companion paper [1]. Here we focus on the phenomenological implications of our results. Using the current best estimates of the relevant Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements, our theoretical predictions for the decay rate and for the first two lepton-energy moments are in very good agreement with the corresponding experimental measurements. We also argue that, while the inclusive $D_{s}$ channel is not yet competitive with the exclusive channels in the $|V_{cs}|$ determination, the situation can be significantly improved in the near future.

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New Physics in inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays

We study inclusive semileptonic $\bar{B}\to X_c \ell \barν$ decays ($\ell = e,μ$) in the presence of generic physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) that is heavy compared to the $b$-quark mass. Its effect is encoded in the Wilson coefficients of dimension-six operators of the Weak Effective Theory (WET). We compute the resulting BSM contributions to the experimentally measured kinematic moments and the total decay rate through order $\mathcal{O}(Λ_{\rm QCD}^3/m_b^3)$ in the Heavy Quark Expansion, as well as the $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$ corrections for the right-handed vector current. We then perform fits to the full set of available inclusive measurements in several single-mediator scenarios and in the full WET basis. We find qualitatively new bounds in several of these scenarios, complementary to and competitive with constraints from exclusive decays.

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QED effects in inclusive semi-leptonic $B$ decays

We analyse in detail the QED corrections to the total decay width and the moments of the electron energy spectrum of the inclusive semi-leptonic $B \to X_c e ν$ decay. Our calculation includes short-distance electroweak corrections, the complete ${\cal O}(α)$ partonic terms and leading-logarithmic QED effects up to ${\cal O}(Λ^3_{\rm QCD}/m_b^3)$. A comprehensive numerical comparison of our results against those obtained with the Monte Carlo (MC) tool PHOTOS is presented. While the comparison indicates good overall agreement, our computation contains QED effects not included in PHOTOS and should therefore better describe photon radiation to $B \to X_c e ν$ as measured by the $B$-factories. Our calculations represent the first steps in the construction of a fully differential higher-order QED MC generator for inclusive semi-leptonic $B$ decays.

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The $q^2$ moments in inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays

We compute the first moments of the $q^2$ distribution in inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays as functions of the lower cut on $q^2$, confirming a number of results given in the literature and adding the $O(α_s^2β_0)$ BLM contributions. We then include the $q^2$-moments recently measured by Belle and Belle II in a global fit to the moments. The new data are compatible with the other measurements and slightly decrease the uncertainty on the nonperturbative parameters and on $|V_{cb}|$. Our updated value is $|V_{cb}|=(41.97\pm 0.48)\times 10^{-3}$.

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On the study of inclusive semileptonic decays of $B_s$-meson from lattice QCD

In this contribution we describe a recent study focused on the lattice calculation of inclusive decay rates of heavy mesons. We show how the inclusive calculation can be achieved starting from four-point lattice correlation functions normalised appropriately. The correlators used in this project come from gauge ensembles provided by the JLQCD and ETM collaborations. An essential point of this method is the extraction of spectral densities from lattice correlators which is obtained using two of the most recent approaches in the literature. Our results are in remarkable agreement with analytical predictions from the operator-product expansion. This study represents the first step towards a full lattice QCD study of heavy mesons inclusive semileptonic decays.

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50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics

This paper presents a comprehensive review of both the theory and experimental successes of Quantum Chromodynamics, starting with its emergence as a well defined theory in 1972-73 and following developments and results up to the present day. Topics include a review of the earliest theoretical and experimental foundations; the fundamental constants of QCD; an introductory discussion of lattice QCD, the only known method for obtaining exact predictions from QCD; methods for approximating QCD, with special focus on effective field theories; QCD under extreme conditions; measurements and predictions of meson and baryon states; a special discussion of the structure of the nucleon; techniques for study of QCD at high energy, including treatment of jets and showers; measurements at colliders; weak decays and quark mixing; and a section on the future, which discusses new experimental facilities or upgrades currently funded. The paper is intended to provide a broad background for Ph.D. students and postdocs starting their career. Some contributions include personal accounts of how the ideas or experiments were developed.

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Inclusive semileptonic $B$-decays from lattice QCD

We present the lattice QCD calculation of inclusive semileptonic $B_s$-meson decays. We follow a recently proposed method, which is based on the extraction of smeared spectral densities from Euclidean correlation functions and on the numerical reconstruction of the integration kernel relevant for the inclusive decay rate calculation. We compute four-point Euclidean correlation functions using JLQCD and ETM gauge ensembles with unphysically light $b$-quark masses, and apply two different methods for the integration kernel reconstruction. Finally, we show that the lattice results obtained in this work are in good agreement with the analytic predictions of the operator-product-expansion. This opens the path for a future full lattice QCD calculation to be used as theoretical input for the determination of the magnitude of the CKM element $V_{cb}$.

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Towards the computation of inclusive decay rates using lattice QCD

We present a non-perturbative computation of inclusive rates of semileptonic decays of heavy mesons from lattice QCD simulations. The calculation is based on the extraction of smeared spectral functions obtained from four-point Euclidean correlation functions computed on configuration ensembles of the JLQCD and ETM collaborations. We compare our results for the inclusive decay rates with analytical predictions from the operator-product expansion, finding a good agreement for the calculation of the inclusive decay rate. This opens the path to the theoretical determination of the magnitude of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $V_{cb}$ to a level of precision competitive with the present experimental uncertainty.

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Perturbative corrections to power suppressed effects in $\bar B\to X_u\ellν$

We compute the $O(α_s)$ corrections to the Wilson coefficients of the dimension five operators in inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays in the limit of a massless final quark. Our calculation agrees with reparameterization invariance and with previous results for the total width and places constraints on the shape functions that enter those decays.

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Lattice QCD study of inclusive semileptonic decays of heavy mesons

We present an ab initio study of inclusive semileptonic decays of heavy mesons from lattice QCD. Our approach is based on a recently proposed method, that allows one to address the study of these decays from the analysis of smeared spectral functions extracted from four-point correlators on the lattice, where the smearing is defined in terms of the phase-space integration relevant to the inclusive decays. We present results obtained from gauge-field ensembles from the JLQCD and ETM collaborations, and discuss their relation with theoretical predictions from the operator-product expansion.

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The semileptonic $B_s$ and $Λ_b$ widths

We present estimates of the semileptonic widths of the $B_s$ and $Λ_b$ hadrons. We employ the latest fit to the $B$ inclusive semileptonic data, the heavy quark expansion and lattice QCD results. Our results suffer from large uncertainties that could be reduced with dedicated measurements and new lattice QCD calculations.

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Comparison of lattice QCD results for inclusive semi-leptonic decays of $B$ mesons with the OPE

A recently proposed approach to compute the inclusive semi-leptonic decay rate on the lattice allows for the calculation of various quantities (differential distributions and moments) in different subchannels. We systematically compare the lattice QCD results for an unphysically light bottom quark with OPE-based predictions, including leading order perturbative and $\mathcal{O}\left(1/m^3 \right)$ power corrections, and explore possible strategies to decrease the systematic uncertainty.

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Three loop calculations and inclusive $V_{cb}$

We discuss the impact of the recent $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$ calculations of the semileptonic width of the $b$ quark and of the relation between pole and kinetic heavy quark masses by Fael et al. on the inclusive determination of $|V_{cb}|$. The most notable effect is a reduction of the uncertainty. Our final result is $|V_{cb}|=42.16(51)\, 10^{-3}$.

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Kinetic operator effects in B-> X_c l nu at O(alpha_s)

We compute the O(alpha_s) corrections to the Wilson coefficient of the kinetic operator in inclusive semileptonic B decays. Our analytic calculation agrees with reparameterization invariance and with previous numerical results and paves the way to the calculation of analogous corrections to other power-suppressed coefficients.

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Inclusive semi-leptonic decays from lattice QCD

We develop a method to compute inclusive semi-leptonic decay rate of hadrons fully non-perturbatively using lattice QCD simulations. The sum over all possible final states is achieved by a calculation of the forward-scattering matrix elements on the lattice, and the phase-space integral is evaluated using their dependence on the time separation between two inserted currents. We perform a pilot lattice computation for the B_s -> X_c l nu decay with an unphysical bottom quark mass and compare the results with the corresponding OPE calculation. The method to treat the inclusive processes on the lattice can be applied to other processes, such as the lepton-nucleon inelastic scattering.

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