arXiv subjects

Pascal Hirmer

Publications and source records attributed to Pascal Hirmer.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

A Fully Automated, Deployment-Aware Testing Pipeline for IoT-Based Automotive Applications

Testing embedded software in modern vehicles is challenging due to system complexity, decentralized architectures, and strict safety and performance constraints. In this work, we present an end-to-end, deployment-aware testing pipeline for IoT-based automotive applications. The pipeline combines requirement-driven test and code generation with large language model (LLM) and vision-language model (VLM) assistance, and human-in-the-loop curation to reduce manual effort and improve consistency. Using Eclipse openDuT, it supports flexible, distributed deployment across geographically separated cyber-physical and IoT infrastructures, optimizing for node availability and cross-organizational coordination. For validation, we conduct a case study using a Child Presence Detection System (CPDS), achieving full functional requirement coverage across all 9 requirements and 100% Gherkin generation accuracy on the controlled requirement set. Distributed test execution across geographically separated ECUs via Eclipse openDuT confirms the pipeline's applicability to OEM--supplier testing workflows.

cs.SE↗

arXiv2026

Req2Road: A GenAI Pipeline for SDV Test Artifact Generation and On-Vehicle Execution

Testing functionality in Software-Defined Vehicles is challenging because requirements are written in natural language, specifications combine text, tables, and diagrams, while test assets are scattered across heterogeneous toolchains. Large Language Models and Vision-Language Models are used to extract signals and behavioral logic to automatically generate Gherkin scenarios, which are then converted into runnable test scripts. The Vehicle Signal Specification (VSS) integration standardizes signal references, supporting portability across subsystems and test benches. The pipeline uses retrieval-augmented generation to preselect candidate VSS signals before mapping. We evaluate the approach on the safety-relevant Child Presence Detection System, executing the generated tests in a virtual environment and on an actual vehicle. Our evaluation covers Gherkin validity, VSS mapping quality, and end-to-end executability. Results show that 32 of 36 requirements (89\%) can be transformed into executable scenarios in our setting, while human review and targeted substitutions remain necessary. This paper is a feasibility and architectural demonstration of an end-to-end requirements-to-test pipeline for SDV subsystems, evaluated on a CPDS case in simulation and Vehicle-in-the-Loop settings.

cs.SE↗

arXiv2025

Test Case Specification Techniques and System Testing Tools in the Automotive Industry: A Review

The automotive domain is shifting to software-centric development to meet regulation, market pressure, and feature velocity. This shift increases embedded systems' complexity and strains testing capacity. Despite relevant standards, a coherent system-testing methodology that spans heterogeneous, legacy-constrained toolchains remains elusive, and practice often depends on individual expertise rather than a systematic strategy. We derive challenges and requirements from a systematic literature review (SLR), complemented by industry experience and practice. We map them to test case specification techniques and testing tools, evaluating their suitability for automotive testing using PRISMA. Our contribution is a curated catalog that supports technique/tool selection and can inform future testing frameworks and improvements. We synthesize nine recurring challenge areas across the life cycle, such as requirements quality and traceability, variability management, and toolchain fragmentation. We then provide a prioritized criteria catalog that recommends model-based planning, interoperable and traceable toolchains, requirements uplift, pragmatic automation and virtualization, targeted AI and formal methods, actionable metrics, and lightweight organizational practices.

cs.SE↗

arXiv2025

GenAI-based test case generation and execution in SDV platform

This paper introduces a GenAI-driven approach for automated test case generation, leveraging Large Language Models and Vision-Language Models to translate natural language requirements and system diagrams into structured Gherkin test cases. The methodology integrates Vehicle Signal Specification modeling to standardize vehicle signal definitions, improve compatibility across automotive subsystems, and streamline integration with third-party testing tools. Generated test cases are executed within the digital.auto playground, an open and vendor-neutral environment designed to facilitate rapid validation of software-defined vehicle functionalities. We evaluate our approach using the Child Presence Detection System use case, demonstrating substantial reductions in manual test specification effort and rapid execution of generated tests. Despite significant automation, the generation of test cases and test scripts still requires manual intervention due to current limitations in the GenAI pipeline and constraints of the digital.auto platform.

cs.SE↗

arXiv2024

CARISMA: CAR-Integrated Service Mesh Architecture

The amount of software in modern cars is increasing continuously with traditional electric/electronic (E/E) architectures reaching their limit when deploying complex applications, e.g., regarding bandwidth or computational power. To mitigate this situation, more powerful computing platforms are being employed and applications are developed as distributed applications, e.g., involving microservices. Microservices received widespread adoption and changed the way modern applications are developed. However, they also introduce additional complexity regarding inter-service communication. This has led to the emergence of service meshes, a promising approach to cope with this complexity. In this paper, we present an architecture applying the service mesh approach to automotive E/E platforms comprising multiple interlinked High-Performance Computers (HPCs). We validate the feasibility of our approach through a prototypical implementation.

cs.DC↗