arXiv subjects

Patricio Gaete

Publications and source records attributed to Patricio Gaete.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

T-Duality Effects in Electrodynamics: The (2+1)-dimensional Case

We investigate the interplay between T-duality and (2+1)- dimensional electrodynamics, revealing a relationship between short and large length scales of the gauge potential. Our findings demonstrate that the electrostatic potential energy between static charges is no longer divergent at short distances in the presence of T-duality effects. It remains logarithmic at large distances, suggesting the possibility of a regulatory role for the T-duality scale $ l_0 $ in the space where the radial coordinate goes into its inverse. We also discuss the potential of T-duality to elucidate fractalization effects in physical systems, paving the way for future research on the implications for superconductors and condensed matter systems in general.

hep-th↗

arXiv2024

Non-local material vacuum and Cherenkov radiation in non-linear massive $3$D-Electrodynamics

We examine the effects of electromagnetic field non-linearities in $3$ space-time dimensions. We focus on how these non-linearities influence permittivity and susceptibility. This, in turn, leads to changes in the refractive index through the use of the dispersion relation in the context of massless and massive non-linear electrodynamics. We also verify that, by inspecting the model addressed in the frequency/wave vector space, we identify the characteristics of a non-local material in the behavior of the vacuum, which exhibits a spatially-dispersive profile. Furthermore, it is important to highlight that the cause of this phenomenon is the de Broglie-Proca mass term. We subsequently investigate the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a moving charged particle interacting with a medium for massless and massive non-linear electrodynamics. Our findings indicate that the radiation is driven by the medium through which the particle travels, similar to what is observed in the Cherenkov effect.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2024

Considerations on electromagnetic radiation in Podolsky electrodynamics within a Lorentz-symmetry violating framework

We explore how higher-order derivative terms impact a physical observable within a Lorentz-Symmetry Violating (LSV) framework. We specifically examine Podolsky electrodynamics coupled with the Carroll-Field-Jackiw model (CFJ). Our analysis shows how vacuum and wave propagation are affected by the interaction of LSV parameters with properties of Podolsky electrodynamics. In this scenario, our results indicate that the new electromagnetic vacuum is birefringent, dichroic, and dispersive. We also point out that the higher-derivative term in the presence of the CFJ space-time anisotropy induces an oscillation mechanism between the photon, which acquires a non-vanishing mass, and the massive vector mode carried by the higher derivative. We then investigate the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a moving charged particle interacting with this new medium. Our analysis reveals that the refractive vacuum through which the charged particle travels influences the electromagnetic radiation, leading to a profile similar to the Cherenkov effect.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

QED-vacuum response and Cherenkov radiated energy in non-linear and Lorentz-symmetry violating scenarios

We investigate physical consequences of non-linear electrodynamic coupled to parameters that signal violation Lorentz-symmetry breaking (LSV). Our undertaking is done by considering a general non-linear photonic Lagrangian which coupled to the Carroll-Field-Jackiw's model (CFJ). Our endeavor reveals how the (meta) material constitutive properties of the vacuum and wave propagation are affected by the interference of the LSV parameters LSV with the specific non-linear electrodynamic model under consideration. We also discuss the refractive indices for this new medium characterized by the coupling between non-linearities and the operators that carry the LSV message. Our results show that the QED-vacuum responds with birefringence and a dispersive propagation of waves. Subsequently, we consider the electromagnetic radiation produced by a moving charged particle interacting with this new medium. Our inspection illustrates that the emitted radiation reproduces the features of the Cherenkov effect for certain intensities of background magnetic fields . Finally, we compute the static potential profile within the framework of the gauge-invariant, but path-dependent, variables formalism. A logarithmic correction to the usual static Coulomb potential emerges driven by the LSV parameter and there also appear corrections due to the non-linearity; nevertheless, the logarithm behavior drops out whenever the LSV parameter is switched off.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

A Dirac-material-inspired non-linear electrodynamic model

We propose and study the properties of a non-linear electrodynamics that emerges inspired on the physics of Dirac materials. This new electrodynamic model is an extension of the one-loop corrected non-linear effective Lagrangian computed in the work of ref. [3]. In the particular regime of a strong magnetic and a weak electric field, it reduces to the photonic non-linear model worked out by the authors of ref. [3]. We pursue our investigation of the proposed model by analyzing properties of the permittivity and permeability tensors, the energy-momentum tensor and wave propagation effects in presence of a uniform magnetic background. It is shown that the electrodynamics here presented exhibits the vacuum birefringence phenomenon. Subsequently, we calculate the lowest-order modifications to the interaction energy, considering still the presence of a uniform external magnetic field. Our analysis is carried out within the framework of the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism. The calculation reveals a screened Coulomb-like potential with an effective electric charge that runs with the external magnetic field but, as expected for Dirac-type materials, the screening disappears whenever the external magnetic field is switched off.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2023

Gambini-Pullin Electrodynamics as a scenario for Cherenkov radiation in QED vacuum

We examine the electromagnetic radiation produced by a moving charge in the QED vacuum that behaves as a dispersive medium characterized by a geometrical structure (discreteness/granularity) that emerges from loop quantum gravity. It is shown that the radiation is driven by the refractive vacuum the charged particle travels through reproducing the profile of the Cherenkov effect.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Considerations on the modified Maxwell electrodynamics in the presence of an electric and magnetic background

The properties of the modified Maxwell electrodynamics (ModMax) are investigated in presence of external and uniform electric and magnetic fields. We expand the non-linear theory around an electromagnetic background up to second order in the propagating fields to obtain the permittivity and permeability tensors, dispersion relations, group velocity and refractive indices as functions of external fields. The case with perpendicular background fields is contemplated. The phenomenon of birefringence is discussed and the fundamental role of the ModMax parameter becomes clear. We calculate the difference of the refractive indices in terms of this parameter and the external fields. Finally, we set up a scenario where the axion is present and compute the interaction energy for the coupled axion-ModMax electrodynamics if a magnetic background field is considered. This calculation is carried out in the framework of the gauge-invariant, but path-dependent variables formalism. Our results show that the interaction energy contains a linear component, leading to the confinement of static probe charges where the interference between the ModMax parameter, the axion mass and the axion-photon coupling constant is pointed out.

hep-th↗

arXiv2022

Charged black holes from T-duality

In this paper, we present a family of regular black hole solutions in the presence of charge and angular momentum. We also discuss the related thermodynamics and we comment about the black hole life cycle during the balding and spin down phases. Interestingly the static solution resembles the Ayón-Beato--García spacetime, provided the T-duality scale is redefined in terms of the electric charge, $l_0\to Q$. The key factor at the basis of our derivation is the employment of Padmanabhan's propagator to calculate static potentials. Such a propagator encodes string T-duality effects. This means that the regularity of the spacetimes here presented can open a new window on string theory phenomenology.

hep-th↗

arXiv2022

Finite electrodynamics from T-duality

In this paper, we present the repercussions of Padmanabhan's propagator in electrodynamics. This corresponds to implement T-duality effects in a U(1) gauge theory. By formulating a nonlocal action consistent with the above hypothesis, we derive the profile of static potentials between electric charges via a path integral approach. Interestingly, the Coulomb potential results regularized by a length scale proportional to the parameter $(α^\prime)^{1/2}$. Accordingly, fields are vanishing at the origin. We also discuss an array of experimental testbeds to expose the above results. It is interesting to observe that T-duality generates an effect of dimensional fractalization, that resembles similar phenomena in fractional electromagnetism. Finally, our results have also been derived with a gauge-invariant method, as a necessary check of consistency for any non-Maxwellian theory.

hep-th↗

arXiv2022

Considerations on anomalous photon and Z-boson self-couplings from the Born-Infeld weak hypercharge action

We investigate the effects of the Born-Infeld action on the Abelian sector of the electroweak model. The consequence of this approach is the emergence of anomalous couplings in the neutral sector of the $Z$-gauge boson and photon. These new couplings consist of quartic interactions of the photon with the $Z$-particle, as for example, three-photon-and-one-$Z$ vertex. With that, we obtain the decay width of $Z \to 3\,γ$ from which we impose a bound on the Born-Infeld parameter. Other bounds are also obtained from the photon quartic couplings. Subsequently, we consider the presence of an external uniform magnetic field in connection with this Born-Infeld weak hypercharge model. The magnetic background field yields new kinematic effects, like the kinetic mixing between the photon and the $Z$-boson, and we obtain thereby the corresponding dispersion relations for the mixed photon-$Z$-particle system. Finally, we calculate the lowest-order modifications to the interaction energy for the anomalous coupling $3γ-Z$, within the framework of the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism. Our results show that the interaction energy contains a linear term leading to the confinement of static probe charges. With the help of the potential that comes out, interparticle forces are estimated.

hep-th↗

arXiv2021

Remarks on inverse electrodynamics

We study physical aspects for a new nonlinear electrodynamics (inverse electrodynamics). It is shown that this new electrodynamics displays the vacuum birefringence phenomenon in the presence of external magnetic field, hence we compute the bending of light. Afterwards we compute the lowest-order modification to the interaction energy within the framework of the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism. Our calculations show that the interaction energy contains a long-range (${1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {r^5}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {r^5}}$-type) correction to the Coulomb potential.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Regularization ambiguity and van der Waals black hole in 2+1 dimensions

Charged black holes in a ($2+1$)-dimensional anti-de Sitter space-time suffer from some limitations such as the ambiguity in the definition of the mass and the bad short distance behavior. In this paper we present a way to resolve such issues. By extending the parameter space of the BTZ geometry, we properly identify the integration constants in order to remove the conical singularity sitting at the origin. In such a way we obtain a well defined Minkowski limit and horizons also in the case of de Sitter background space. On the thermodynamic side, we obtain a proper internal energy, by invoking the consistency with the Area Law, even if the mass parameter does not appear in the metric coefficients. As a further improvement, we show that it is sufficient to assume a finite size of the electric charge to obtain a short scale regular geometry. The resulting solution, generalizing the charged BTZ metric, is dual to a van der Waals gas.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2021

Aspects of Lorentz-Poincaré-symmetry violating physics in a supersymmetric scenario

We study a Lorentz invariance violating extension for the pure photonic sector of the standard model in a supersymmetric scenario. We identify a number of independent background fermion condensates. An effective photonic action is proposed which is induced by the SUSY background fermion condensates. The physical consequences leading to direct measurable effects over the screening and confining properties are considered. In the specific case of the Carroll-Field-Jackiw, we pay special attention in analyzing the dispersion relations to derive the photon and photino masses in terms of the supersymmetric background parameters. In connection with astrophysical aspects of Lorentz-symmetry violation, we discuss the time delay between electromagnetic waves of different frequencies as a consequence of the appearance of the massive photon. We also point out that, in the scenario we propose to accommodate Lorentz-symmetry violation in presence of a supersymmetric background, there is room for a sort of fermionic Primakoff effect in which a photino-photon conversion may be induced by the fermionic sector of the supersymmetric background.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2020

Remarks on an anomalous triple gauge boson couplings

We address the effect of an anomalous triple gauge boson couplings on a physical observable for the electroweak sector of the Standard Model, when the $SU(2)_{L}\otimes U(1)_{Y}$ symmetry is spontaneously broken by the Higgs mechanism to $U(1)_{em}$. Our calculation is done within the framework of the gauge-invariant, but path-dependent variable formalism which is alternative to the Wilson loop approach. Our result shows that the interaction energy is the sum of a Yukawa and a linear potential, leading to the confinement of static probe charges. The point we wish to emphasize, however, is that the anomalous triple gauge boson couplings ($Z γγ$) contributes to the confinement for distances on the intranuclear scale.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Remarks on a compact Abelian Higgs model

Aspects of screening and confinement are re-examined for a recently proposed compact Abelian Higgs model with a $θ$-term. Our discussion is accomplished using the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism, which is an alternative to the Wilson loop approach. We explicitly show that the static potential profile is the sum of an effective-Yukawa and a linear potential, leading to the confinement of static external charges. We point out the central rôle of the parameter measuring the stiffness of the vortex lines present in the model in both the Yukawa-like and the confining sectors of the effective inter-particle potential we have computed.

hep-th↗

arXiv2019

Lorentz-symmetry violating physics in a supersymmetric scenario in $(2+1)$-D

We study the dimensional reduction for a $(3+1)$-dimensional Lorentz Violating Lagrangian in the matter and gauge sectors in a Supersymmetric scenario. We thus obtain an effective model for photons induced by the effects of supersymmetry in our framework with Lorentz-symmetry violating. This model is discussed in connection with the attainment of a static potential between charged particles. Our calculation is done within the framework of the gauge-invariant, but path-dependent variable formalism. We thus find that the interaction energy displays a screening part, encoded by Bessel functions, and a linear confining potential.

hep-th↗

arXiv2019

On a Gambini-Pullin-inspired Maxwell electrodynamics with Lorentz-violating dimension-$5$ operators

We explore the properties of a new Maxwell electrodynamics coupled to a Lorentz-violating background through the presence of higher-derivative terms. Physical implications of this alternative effective theory modified by Lorentz-violating operators of mass dimension-$5$ are considered, such as modified dispersion relations which exhibit the vacuum birefringence phenomenon. Subsequently, we analyze the energy-momentum tensor in the case we reproduce the Gambini-Pullin electrodynamics. We explicitly show that for a background time-like four-vector, $n^μ$, the equations of motion indeed reproduce those encountered by Gambini and Pullin in the framework of loop quantum gravity . Finally, extended expressions for Maxwell-type equations are written down in the case the external Lorentz-violating four-vector is space-like.

hep-th↗

arXiv2018

Modified plasma waves described by a logarithmic electrodynamics

The propagation of plasma waves in a new non-linear, logarithmic electrodynamics model is performed. A cold, uniform, collisionless fluid plasma model is applied. Electrostatic waves in magnetized plasma are shown to correspond to modified Trivelpiece-Gould modes, together with changes of the plasma and upper-hybrid frequencies, driven by the logarithmic electrodynamics effects. Electromagnetic waves are described by a generalized Appleton-Hartree dispersion relation. The cases of propagation parallel or perpendicular to the equilibrium magnetic field are analyzed in detail. In particular, generalized ordinary and extraordinary modes are obtained. We determine the changes, due to logarithmic electrodynamics, in the allowable and forbidden frequency bands of the new extraordinary mode. Estimates are provided about the strength of the ambient magnetic field, so that the non-linear electrodynamics effects become decisive.

physics.plasm-ph↗