arXiv subjects

Pavel A. Belov

Publications and source records attributed to Pavel A. Belov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

A Parametric Study of Radiative Dipole Body Array Coil for 7 Tesla MRI

In this contribution we present numerical and experimental results of a parametric quantitative study of radiative dipole antennas in a phased array configuration for efficient body magnetic resonance imaging at 7T via parallel transmission. For magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at ultrahigh fields (7T and higher) dipole antennas are commonly used in phased arrays, particularly for body imaging targets. This study reveals the effects of dipole positioning in the array (elevation of dipoles above the subject and inter-dipole spacing) on their mutual coupling, $B_1^{+}$ per $P_{acc}$ and $B_1^{+}$ per maximum local SAR efficiencies as well as the RF-shimming capability. The numerical and experimental results are obtained and compared for a homogeneous phantom as well as for a real human models confirmed by in-vivo experiments.

physics.med-ph↗

arXiv2017

Locally Enhanced Image Quality with Tunable Hybrid Metasurfaces

Metasurfaces represent a new paradigm in artificial subwavelength structures due to their potential to overcome many challenges typically associated with bulk metamaterials. The ability making very thin structures and change their properties dynamically make metasurfaces an exceptional meta-optics platform for engineering advanced electromagnetic and photonic metadevices. Here, we suggest and demonstrate experimentally a novel tunable metasurface capable to enhance significantly the local image quality in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We present a design of the hybrid metasurface based on electromagnetically-coupled dielectric and metallic elements. We demonstrate how to tailor the spectral characteristics of the metasurface eigenmodes by changing dynamically the effective permittivity of the structure. By maximizing a coupling between metasurface eigenmodes and transmitted and received fields in the MRI system, we enhance the device sensitivity that results in a substantial improvement of the image quality.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2017

Nonlinear symmetry breaking in photo-metamaterials

We design and analyze photo-metamaterials with each meta-atom containing both photodiode and light-emitting diode. Illumination of the photodiode by the light-emitting diode gives rise to an additional optical feedback within each unit cell, which strongly affects resonant properties and nonlinear response of the meta-atom. In particular, we demonstrate that symmetry breaking occurs upon a certain threshold magnitude of the incident wave intensity resulting in an abrupt emergence of second-harmonic generation, which was not originally available, as well as in the reduced third-harmonic signal.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2017

Controlling scattering of light through topological transitions in all-dielectric metasurfaces

Topological phase transitions in condensed matter systems have shown extremely rich physics, unveiling such exotic states of matter as topological insulators, superconductors and superfluids. Photonic topological systems open a whole new realm of research exhibiting a number of important distinctions from their condensed matter counterparts. Photonic modes can couple to the continuum of free space modes which makes it feasible to control and manipulate scattering properties of the photonic structure via topology. At the same time, the direct connection of scattering and topological properties of the photonic states allows their probing by spectroscopic means via Fano resonances. Here we demonstrate that the radiative coupling of modes supported by an all-dielectric metasurface can be controlled and tuned under topological phase transitions due to band inversion, correspondingly inducing a distinct switching of the quality factors of the resonances associated with the bands. In addition, we develop a technique to retrieve the topological properties of all-dielectric metasurfaces from the measured far-field scattering characteristics. The collected angle-resolved transmission and reflection spectra allow extracting the momentum-dependent frequencies and lifetimes of the photonic modes. This enables retrieval of the effective photonic Hamiltonian, including the effects of a synthetic gauge field, and topological invariants~-- pseudo-spin Chern numbers. Our results thus open a new avenue to design a new class of metasurfaces with unique scattering characteristics controlled via topological effects. This work also demonstrates how topological states of open systems can be explored via far-field measurements.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2017

Switchable invisibility of dielectric resonators

The study of invisibility of an infinite dielectric rod with high refractive index is based on the two-dimensional Mie scattering problem, and it suggests strong suppression of scattering due to the Fano interference between spectrally broad nonresonant waves and narrow Mie-resonant modes. However, when the dielectric rod has a finite extension, it becomes a resonator supporting the Fabry-Perot modes which introduce additional scattering and eventually destroy the invisibility. Here we reveal that for shorter rods with modest values of the aspect ratio r/L (where r and L are the radius and length of the rod, respectively), the lowest spectral window of the scattering suppression recovers completely, so that even a finite-size resonator may become invisible. We present a direct experimental verification of the concept of switchable invisibility at microwaves using a cylindrical finite-size resonator with high refractive index.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Enhancement of Terahertz Photoconductive Antennas and Photomixers Operation by Optical Nanoantennas

Photoconductive antennas and photomixers are very promising sources of terahertz radiation that is widely used for spectroscopy, characterisation and imaging of biological objects, deep space studies, scanning of surfaces and detection of potentially hazardous substances. These antennas are compact and allow generation of both ultrabroadband pulse and tunable continuous wave terahertz signal at room temperatures, without a need of high-power optical sources. However, such antennas have relatively low energy conversion efficiency of femtosecond laser pulses or two close pump wavelengths (photomixer) into the pulsed and continuous terahertz radiation, correspondingly. Recently, an approach to solving this problem has been proposed, that involves known methods of nanophotonics applied to terahertz photoconductive antennas and photomixers. This approach comprises the use of optical nanoantennas for enhancing the efficiency of pump laser radiation absorption in the antenna gap, reducing the lifetime of photoexcited carriers, and improving antenna thermal efficiency. This Review is intended to systematise all the results obtained by researchers in this promising field of hybrid optical-to-terahertz photoconductive antennas and photomixers.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Tuning of Near- and Far-Field Properties of All-dielectric Dimer Nanoantennas via Ultrafast Electron-Hole Plasma Photoexcitation

Achievement of all-optical ultrafast signal modulation and routing by a low-loss nanodevice is a crucial step towards an ultracompact optical chip with high performance. Here, we propose a specifically designed silicon dimer nanoantenna, which is tunable via photoexcitation of dense electron-hole plasma with ultrafast relaxation rate. Basing on this concept, we demonstrate the effect of beam steering up to 20 degrees via simple variation of incident intensity, being suitable for ultrafast light routing in an optical chip. The effect is demonstrated both in the visible and near-IR spectral regions for silicon and germanium based nanoantennas. We also reveal the effect of electron-hole plasma photoexcitation on local density of states (LDOS) in the dimer gap and find that the orientation averaged LDOS can be altered by 50\%, whereas modification of the projected LDOS can be even more dramatic: almost 500\% for transverse dipole orientation. Moreover, our analytical model sheds light on transient dynamics of the studied nonlinear nanoantennas, yielding all temporal characteristics of the proposed ultrafast nanodevice. The proposed concept paves the ways to creation of low-loss, ultrafast, and compact devices for optical signal modulation and routing.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Controlling electromagnetic scattering with wire metamaterial resonators

Manipulation of radiation is required for enabling a span of electromagnetic applications. Since properties of antennas and scatterers are very sensitive to a surrounding environment, macroscopic artificially created materials are good candidates for shaping their characteristics. In particular, metamaterials enable controlling both dispersion and density of electromagnetic states, available for scattering from an object. As the result, properly designed electromagnetic environment could govern waves' phenomena. Here electromagnetic properties of scattering dipoles, situated inside a wire medium (metamaterial) are analyzed both numerically and experimentally. Impact of the metamaterial geometry, dipole arrangement inside the medium, and frequency of the incident radiation on scattering phenomena was studied. It was shown that the resonance of the dipole hybridizes with Fabry-Perot modes of the metamaterial, giving rise to a complete reshaping of electromagnetic properties. Regimes of controlled scattering suppression and super-scattering were observed. Numerical analysis is in an agreement with experiments, performed at the GHz spectral range. The reported approach to scattering control with metamaterials could be directly mapped into optical and infrared spectral ranges by employing scalability properties of Maxwell's equations.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Topological transition in coated wire medium

We develop a theory of nonlocal homogenization for metamaterial consisting of parallel metallic wires with dielectric coating. It is demonstrated that manipulation of dielectric contrast between wire dielectric shell and host material results in switching of metamaterial dispersion regime from elliptic to the hyperbolic one, i.e. the topological transition takes place. We confirm our theoretical predictions by full-wave numerical simulations.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Nonlinear Transient Dynamics of Photoexcited Silicon Nanoantenna for Ultrafast All-Optical Signal Processing

Optically generated electron-hole plasma in high-index dielectric nanostructures was demonstrated as a means of tuning of their optical properties. However, until now an ultrafast operation regime of such plasma driven nanostructures has not been attained. Here, we perform pump-probe experiments with resonant silicon nanoparticles and report on dense optical plasma generation near the magnetic dipole resonance with ultrafast (about 2.5 ps) relaxation rate. Basing on experimental results, we develop an analytical model describing transient response of a nanocrystalline silicon nanoparticle to an intense laser pulse and show theoretically that plasma induced optical nonlinearity leads to ultrafast reconfiguration of the scattering power pattern. We demonstrate 100 fs switching to unidirectional scattering regime upon irradiation of the nanoparticle by an intense femtosecond pulse. Our work lays the foundation for developing ultracompact and ultrafast all-optical signal processing devices.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Nonlocal homogenization for nonlinear metamaterials

We present a consistent theoretical approach for calculating effective nonlinear susceptibilities of metamaterials taking into account both frequency and spatial dispersion. Employing the discrete dipole model, we demonstrate that effects of spatial dispersion become especially pronounced in the vicinity of effective permittivity resonance where nonlinear susceptibilities reach their maxima. In that case spatial dispersion may enable simultaneous generation of two harmonic signals with the same frequency and polarization but different wave vectors. We also prove that the derived expressions for nonlinear susceptibilities transform into the known form when spatial dispersion effects are negligible. In addition to revealing new physical phenomena, our results provide useful theoretical tools for analysing resonant nonlinear metamaterials.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Resonant Raman Scattering from Silicon Nanoparticles Enhanced by Magnetic Response

Enhancement of optical response with high-index dielectric nanoparticles is attributed to the excitation of their Mie-type magnetic and electric resonances. Here we study Raman scattering from crystalline silicon nanoparticles and reveal that magnetic dipole modes have much stronger effect on the scattering than electric modes of the same order. We demonstrate experimentally a 140-fold enhancement of Raman signal from individual silicon spherical nanoparticles at the magnetic dipole resonance. Our results confirm the importance of the optically-induced magnetic response of subwavelength dielectric nanoparticles for enhancing light-matter interactions.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Fabrication of Hybrid Nanostructures via Nanoscale Laser-Induced Reshaping for Advanced Light Manipulation

Hybrid nanophotonics based on metal-dielectric nanostructures unifies the advantages of plasmonics and all-dielectric nanophotonics providing strong localization of light, magnetic optical response and specifically designed scattering properties. Here we demonstrate a novel approach for fabrication of ordered hybrid nanostructures via femtosecond laser melting of asymmetrical metal-dielectric (Au-Si) nanoparticles created by lithographical methods. The approach allows selective reshaping of the metal components of the hybrid nanoparticles without affecting dielectric ones. We apply the developed approach for tuning of the hybrid nanostructures scattering properties in the visible range. The experimental results are supported by molecular dynamics simulation and numerical solving of Maxwell equations.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2015

Controllable Femtosecond Laser-Induced Dewetting for Plasmonic Applications

Dewetting of thin metal films is one of the most widespread method for functional plasmonic nanostructures fabrication. However, simple thermal-induced dewetting does not allow to control degree of nanostructures order without additional lithographic process steps. Here we propose a novel method for lithography-free and large-scale fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures via controllable femtosecond laser-induced dewetting. The method is based on femtosecond laser surface pattering of a thin film followed by a nanoscale hydrodynamical instability, which is found to be very controllable under specific irradiation conditions. We achieve control over degree of nanostructures order by changing laser irradiation parametrs and film thickness. This allowed us to exploit the method for the broad range of applications: resonant light absorbtion and scattering, sensing, and potential improving of thin-film solar cells.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2015

Resonant transmission of light in arrays of high-index dielectric nanoparticles

We study numerically, analytically and experimentally the resonant transmission of light in a waveguide formed by a periodic array of high-index dielectric nanoparticles with a side-coupled resonator. We demonstrate that a resonator with high enough Q-factor provides the conditions for the Fano-type interference allowing to control the resonant transmission of light. We suggest a practical realization of this resonant effect based on the quadrupole resonance of a dielectric particle and demonstrate it experimentally for ceramic spheres at microwaves.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2015

Phase diagram for the transition from photonic crystals to dielectric metamaterials

Photonic crystals and metamaterials represent two seemingly different classes of artificial electromagnetic media but often they are composed of similar structural elements arranged in periodic lattices. The important question is how to distinguish these two types of periodic photonic structures when their parameters, such as dielectric permittivity and lattice spacing, vary continuously. Here, we discuss transitions between photonic crystals and all-dielectric metamaterials and introduce the concept of a phase diagram and an order parameter for such structured materials, based on the physics of Mie and Bragg resonances. We show that a periodic photonic structure transforms into a metamaterial when the Mie gap opens up below the lowest Bragg bandgap where the homogenization approach can be justified and the effective permeability becomes negative. Our theoretical approach is confirmed by detailed microwave experiments for a metacrystal composed of a square lattice of glass tubes filled with heated water. This analysis yields deep insight into the properties of periodic photonic structures, and it also provides a useful tool for designing different classes of electromagnetic materials in a broad range of parameters.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2015

Anomalous polarization conversion in arrays of ultrathin ferromagnetic nanowires

We study optical properties of arrays of ultrathin nanowires by means of the Brillouin scattering of light on magnons. We employ the Stokes/anti-Stokes scattering asymmetry to probe the circular polarization of a local electric field induced inside nanowires by linearly polarized light waves. We observe the anomalous polarization conversion of the opposite sign than that in a bulk medium or thick nanowires with a great enhancement of the degree of circular polarization attributed to an unconventional refraction in the nanowire medium.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2015

Ultrafast Magnetic Light

We propose a novel concept for efficient dynamic tuning of optical properties of a high refractive index subwavelength nanoparticle with a magnetic Mie-type resonance by means of femtosecond laser radiation. This concept is based on ultrafast generation of electron-hole plasma within such nanoparticle, drastically changing its transient dielectric permittivity. This allows to manipulate by both electric and magnetic nanoparticle responses, resulting in dramatic changes of its extinction cross section and scattering diagram. Specifically, we demonstrate the effect of ultrafast switching-on a Huygens source in the vicinity of the magnetic dipole resonance. This approach enables to design ultrafast and compact optical switchers and modulators based on the "ultrafast magnetic light" concept.

physics.optics↗