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Pei-Hong Gu

Publications and source records attributed to Pei-Hong Gu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Non-thermal leptogenesis with distinct CP violation and minimal dark matter

We demonstrate a unified scenario for neutrino mass, baryon asymmetry, dark matter and inflation. In addition to a fermion triplet for the so-called minimal dark matter, we extend the standard model by three heavy fields including a scalar singlet, a fermion triplet and a fermion singlet/Higgs triplet. The heavy scalar singlet, which is expected to drive an inflation, and the dark matter fermion triplet are odd under an unbroken $Z_2^{}$ discrete symmetry, while the other fields are all even. The heavy fermion triplet offers a tree-level type-III seesaw and then mediates a three-body decay of the inflaton into the standard model lepton and Higgs doublets with the dark matter fermion triplet. The heavy fermion singlet/Higgs triplet not only results in a type-I/II seesaw at tree level but also contributes to the inflaton decay at one-loop level. In this scenario, the type-I/II seesaw contains all of the physical CP phases in the lepton sector and hence the CP violation for the non-thermal leptogenesis by the inflaton decay exactly comes from the imaginary part of the neutrino mass matrix.

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High-scale leptogenesis with three-loop neutrino mass generation and dark matter

We demonstrate a common origin for high-scale leptogenesis and three-loop neutrino mass generation. Specifically we extend the standard model by two real singlet scalars, two singly charged scalars carrying different lepton numbers and two or more singlet fermions with Majorana masses. Our model respects a softly broken lepton number and an exactly conserved $Z_2^{}$ discrete symmetry. Through the lepton-number-violating decays of the real scalars and then the lepton-number-conserving decays of the charged scalars, we can obtain a lepton asymmetry stored in the standard model leptons. This lepton asymmetry can be partially converted to a baryon asymmetry by the sphaleron processes. The interactions for this leptogenesis can also result in a three-loop diagram to generate the neutrino masses. The lightest singlet fermion can keep stable to serve as a dark matter particle.

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Extending two Higgs doublet models for two-loop neutrino mass generation and one-loop neutrinoless double beta decay

We extend some two Higgs doublet models, where the Yukawa couplings for the charged fermion mass generation only involve one Higgs doublet, by two singlet scalars respectively carrying a singly electric charge and a doubly electric charge. The doublet and singlet scalars together can mediate a two-loop diagram to generate a tiny Majorana mass matrix of the standard model neutrinos. Remarkably, the structure of the neutrino mass matrix is fully determined by the symmetric Yukawa couplings of the doubly charged scalar to the right-handed leptons. Meanwhile, a one-loop induced neutrinoless double beta decay can arrive at a testable level even if the electron neutrino has an extremely small Majorana mass. We also study other experimental constraints and implications including some rare processes and Higgs phenomenology.

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Mixed Inert Scalar Triplet Dark Matter, Radiative Neutrino Masses and Leptogenesis

The neutral component of an inert scalar multiplet with hypercharge can provide a stable dark matter particle when its real and imaginary parts have a splitting mass spectrum. Otherwise, a tree-level dark matter-nucleon scattering mediated by the $Z$ boson will be much above the experimental limit. In this paper we focus on a mixed inert scalar triplet dark matter scenario where a complex scalar triplet with hypercharge can mix with another real scalar triplet without hypercharge through their renormalizable coupling to the standard model Higgs doublet. We consider three specified cases that carry most of the relevant features of the full parameter space: (i) the neutral component of the real triplet dominates the dark matter particle, (ii) the neutral component of the complex triplet dominates the dark matter particle; and (iii) the neutral components of the real and complex triplets equally constitute the dark matter particle. Subject to the dark matter relic abundance and direct detection constraint, we perform a systematic study on the allowed parameter space with particular emphasis on the interplay among triplet-doublet terms and gauge interactions. In the presence of these mixed inert scalar triplets, some heavy Dirac fermions composed of inert fermion doublets can be utilized to generate a tiny Majorana neutrino mass term at one-loop level and realize a successful leptogenesis for explaining the cosmic baryon asymmetry.

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Neutrinoless double beta decay in the left-right symmetric models for linear seesaw

In a class of left-right symmetric models for linear seesaw, a neutrinoless double beta decay induced by the left- and right-handed charged currents together will only depend on the breaking details of left-right and electroweak symmetries. This neutrinoless double beta decay can reach the experimental sensitivities if the right-handed charged gauge boson is below the 100 TeV scale.

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Leptogenesis, radiative neutrino masses and inert Higgs triplet dark matter

We extend the standard model by three types of inert fields including Majorana fermion singlets/triplets, real Higgs singlets/triplets and leptonic Higgs doublets. In the presence of a softly broken lepton number and an exactly conserved Z_2 discrete symmetry, these inert fields together can mediate a one-loop diagram for a Majorana neutrino mass generation. The heavier inert fields can decay to realize a successful leptogenesis while the lightest inert field can provide a stable dark matter candidate. As an example, we demonstrate the leptogenesis by the inert Higgs doublet decays. We also perform a systematic study on the inert Higgs triplet dark matter scenario where the interference between the gauge and Higgs portal interactions can significantly affect the dark matter properties.

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Peccei-Quinn symmetry for Dirac seesaw and leptogenesis

We extend the DFSZ invisible axion model to simultaneously explain small Dirac neutrino masses and cosmic matter-antimatter asymmetry. After the Peccei-Quinn and electroweak symmetry breaking, the effective Yukawa couplings of the Dirac neutrinos to the standard model Higgs scalar can be highly suppressed by the ratio of the vacuum expectation value of an iso-triplet Higgs scalar over the masses of some heavy gauge-singlet fermions, iso-doublet Higgs scalars or iso-triplet fermions. The iso-triplet fields can carry a zero or nonzero hypercharge. Through the decays of the heavy gauge-singlet fermions, iso-doublet scalars or iso-triplet fermions, we can obtain a lepton asymmetry in the left-handed leptons and an opposite lepton asymmetry in the right-handed neutrinos. Since the right-handed neutrinos do not participate in the sphaleron processes, the left-handed lepton asymmetry can be partially converted to a baryon asymmetry.

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Connecting Radiative Neutrino Mass, Neutron-Antineutron Oscillation, Proton Decay, and Leptogenesis through Dark Matter

The scotogenic mechanism for radiative neutrino mass is generalized to include neutron-antineutron oscillation as well as proton decay. Dark matter is stabilized by extending the notion of lepton parity to matter parity. Leptogenesis is also a possible byproduct. This framework unifies the description of all these important, but seemingly unrelated, topics in physics beyond the standard model of particle interactions.

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Realistic model for a fifth force explaining anomaly in ${^8Be^*} \to {^8Be} \;{e^+e^-}$ Decay

A $6.8\,σ$ anomaly has been reported in the opening angle and invariant mass distributions of $e^+e^-$ pairs produced in ${^8Be}$ nuclear transitions. It has been shown that a protophobic fifth force mediated by a $17\,\textrm{MeV}$ gauge boson $X$ with pure vector current interactions can explain the data through the decay of an excited state to the ground state, ${^8Be^*} \to {^8Be}\, X$, and then the followed saturating decay $X \to e^+e^-$. In this work we propose a renormalizable model to realize this fifth force. Although axial-vector current interactions also exist in our model, their contributions cancel out in the iso-scalar interaction for ${^8Be^*} \to {^8Be} \,X$. Within the allowed parameter space, this model can alleviate the $(g-2)_μ$ anomaly problem and can be probed by the LHCb experiment. Several other implications are discussed.

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Testing the electroweak phase transition and electroweak baryogenesis at the LHC and a circular electron-positron collider

We study the collider phenomenology of the electroweak phase transition and electroweak baryogenesis in the framework of the effective field theory. Our study shows that the effective theory using the dimension-6 operators can enforce strong first order phase transition and provide sizable CP violation to realize a successful electroweak baryogenesis. Such dimension-6 operators can induce interesting Higgs phenomenology that can be verified at colliders such as the LHC and the planning CEPC. We then demonstrate that this effective theory can originate from vector-like quarks and the triplet Higgs.

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Strong CP Problem, Neutrino Masses and the 750 GeV Diphoton Resonance

We present an $SU(3)^{}_{c}\times SU(2)^{}_{L}\times SU(2)^{}_{R}\times U(1)_{L}^{}\times U(1)_{R}^{}\rightarrow SU(3)^{}_{c}\times SU(2)^{}_{L}\times SU(2)^{}_{R}\times U(1)^{}_{B-L}$ left-right symmetric model with a discrete parity symmetry to realize a universal seesaw scenario. The model can simultaneously solve the strong CP problem without resorting to the unobserved axion and explain the 750 GeV diphoton resonance reported recently by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the LHC. Owing to large suppressions in the two-loop induced Dirac mass terms, the Majorana mass matrices of left- and right-handed neutrinos naturally share the same structure. That allows us to quantitatively study the neutrinoless double beta decay induced by the right-handed currents.

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Leptogenesis parametrized by lepton mass matrices

The conventional seesaw-leptogenesis can simultaneously explain the suppression of neutrino masses and the generation of cosmic baryon asymmetry, but usually cannot predict an unambiguous relation between these two sectors. In this work we shall demonstrate a novel left-right symmetric scenario, motivated to solve the strong CP problem by parity symmetry, where the present baryon asymmetry is determined by three charged lepton masses and a seesaw-suppressed hermitian Dirac neutrino mass matrix up to an overall scale factor. To produce the observed baryon asymmetry, this scenario requires that the neutrinos must have a normal hierarchical mass spectrum and their mixing matrix must contain a sizable Dirac CP phase. Our model can be tested in neutrino oscillation and neutrinoless double beta decay experiments.

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An SO(10) \times SO(10)' model for common origin of neutrino masses, ordinary and dark matter-antimatter asymmetries

We propose an SO(10) \times SO(10)' model to simultaneously realize a seesaw for Dirac neutrino masses and a leptogenesis for ordinary and dark matter-antimatter asymmetries. A (16\times \overline{16}')_H scalar crossing the SO(10) and SO(10)' sectors plays an essential role in this seesaw-leptogenesis scenario. As a result of lepton number conservation, the lightest dark nucleon as the dark matter particle should have a determined mass around 15 GeV to explain the comparable fractions of ordinary and dark matter in the present universe. The (16\times \overline{16}')_H scalar also mediates a U(1)_{em} \times U(1)'_{em} kinetic mixing after the ordinary and dark left-right symmetry breaking so that we can expect a dark nucleon scattering in direct detection experiments and/or a dark nucleon decay in indirect detection experiments. If a proper mirror symmetry is imposed, our Dirac seesaw will not require more unknown parameters than the canonical Majorana seesaw.

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Parity: from strong CP problem to dark matter, neutrino masses and baryon asymmetry

We show that in an SU(3)_c\times [SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y]\times [SU(2)'_R\times U(1)'_Y] framework, the parity symmetry motivated by solving the strong CP problem without resorting to an axion can predict a dark matter particle with a mass around 302 GeV. This dark matter candidate can be directly detected in the presence of a U(1)_Y\times U(1)'_Y kinetic mixing. Furthermore, our model can accommodate a natural way to simultaneously realize an inverse-linear seesaw for neutrino masses and a resonant leptogenesis for baryon asymmetry.

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Multi-component dark matter with magnetic moments for Fermi-LAT gamma-ray line

We propose a model of multi-component dark matter with magnetic moments to explain the 130 GeV gamma-ray line hinted by the Fermi-LAT data. Specifically, we consider a U(1)_X dark sector which contains two vector-like fermions besides the related gauge and Higgs fields. A very heavy messenger scalar is further introduced to construct the Yukawa couplings of the dark fermions to the heavy [SU(2)]-singlet leptons in the SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{B-L} left-right symmetric models for universal seesaw. A heavier dark fermion with a very long lifetime can mostly decay into a lighter dark fermion and a photon at one-loop level. The dark fermions can serve as the dark matter particles benefited from their annihilations into the dark gauge and Higgs fields. In the presence of a U(1) kinetic mixing, the dark matter fermions can be verified by the ongoing and forthcoming dark matter direct detection experiments.

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From Dirac neutrino masses to baryonic and dark matter asymmetries

We consider an SU(3)'_c\times SU(2)'_L\times U(1)'_Y dark sector, parallel to the SU(3)_c\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y ordinary sector. The hypercharges, baryon numbers and lepton numbers in the dark sector are opposite to those in the ordinary sector. We further introduce three types of messenger sectors: (i) two or more gauge-singlet Dirac fermions, (ii) two or more [SU(2)_L\times SU(2)'_L]-bidoublet Higgs scalars, (iii) at least one gauge-singlet Dirac fermion and at least one [SU(2)_L\times SU(2)'_L]-bidoublet Higgs scalar. The lepton number conserving decays of the heavy fermion singlet(s) and/or Higgs bidoublet(s) can simultaneously generate a lepton asymmetry in the [SU(2)_L]-doublet leptons and an opposite lepton asymmetry in the [SU(2)'_L]-doublet leptons to account for the cosmological baryon asymmetry and dark matter relic density, respectively. The lightest dark nucleon as the dark matter particle should have a mass about 5 GeV. By integrating out the heavy fermion singlet(s) and/or Higgs bidoublet(s), we can obtain three light Dirac neutrinos composed of the ordinary and dark neutrinos. If a mirror discrete symmetry is further imposed, our models will not require more unknown parameters than the traditional type-I, type-II or type-I+II seesaw models.

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Mirror symmetry: from active and sterile neutrino masses to baryonic and dark matter asymmetries

We consider an SU(3)'_c\times SU(2)'_L\times U(1)'_Y mirror sector where the field content and dimensionless couplings are a copy of the SU(3)_c\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y ordinary sector. Our model also contains three gauge-singlet fermions with heavy Majorana masses and an [SU(2)_L\times SU(2)'_L]-bidoublet Higgs scalar with seesaw-suppressed vacuum expectation value. The mirror sterile neutrino masses will have a form of canonical seesaw while the ordinary active neutrino masses will have a form of double and linear seesaw. In this canonical and double-linear seesaw scenario, we can expect one sterile neutrino at the eV scale and the other two above the MeV scale to fit the cosmological and short baseline neutrino oscillation data. Associated with the SU(2)_L and SU(2)'_L sphaleron processes, the decays of the fermion singlets can simultaneously generate a lepton asymmetry in the [SU(2)_L]-doublet leptons and an equal lepton asymmetry in the [SU(2)'_L]-doublet leptons to explain the existence of baryonic and dark matter. The lightest mirror baryon then should have a determined mass around 5 GeV to account for the dark matter relic density. The U(1) kinetic mixing can open a window for dark matter direct detection.

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Common origin of baryon asymmetry and proton decay

A successful baryogenesis theory requires a baryon-minus-lepton number violation if it works before the electroweak phase transition. The baryon-minus-lepton number violation could also exist in some proton decay modes. We propose a model to show that the cosmological baryon asymmetry and the proton decay could have a common origin. Specifically, we introduce an isotriplet and two isosinglet leptoquark scalars as well as two isotriplet Higgs scalars to the canonical seesaw model. The decays of the Higgs triplets can generate a desired baryon-minus-lepton asymmetry in the leptoquarks. After the Higgs triplets pick up their seesaw-suppressed vacuum expectation values, the leptoquarks with TeV-scale masses can mediate a testable proton decay.

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