arXiv subjects

Pengshun Luo

Publications and source records attributed to Pengshun Luo.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Detecting meV-Scale Dark Matter via Coherent Scattering with an Asymmetric Torsion Balance

Dark matter with mass in the crossover range between wave dark matter and particle dark matter, around $(10^{-3},\, 10^3)\,$eV, remains relatively unexplored by terrestrial experiments. In this mass regime, dark matter scatters coherently with macroscopic objects. The effect of the coherent scattering greatly enhances the accelerations of the targets that the dark matter collisions cause by a factor of $\sim 10^{23}$. We propose a novel torsion balance experiment with test bodies of different geometric sizes to detect such dark matter-induced acceleration. This method provides the strongest constraints on the scattering cross-section between the dark matter and a nucleon in the mass range $(10^{-3}, 1)\,$eV.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

Improved limits on the spin- and velocity-dependent exotic interaction in the micrometer range

Searching for the exotic interactions beyond the Standard Model of particle physics may solve some of the current puzzles in physics. Here the authors experimentally explore a spin- and velocity-dependent exotic interaction between the nucleons in a gold sphere and the electrons in a spin source in the micrometer range. The microfabricated spin source provides periodically varying spin density of electrons, resulting in a periodic exotic field. A cantilever glued with a gold sphere is used to measured the force acting on the gold sphere by the spin source. The spin source is driven to oscillate, and then the imaginary part of the signal is extracted at the 10th harmonic of the oscillation frequency, which effectively separates the exotic interaction from the spurious forces commonly present in such short-range measurements. No signal of the exotic interaction is observed, then new limits on the coupling constant are set in an interaction range below 10 $μ$m, with $f_{4+5} \le 2.2\times 10^{-9}$ at 2.1 $μ$m.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Dependence of Electrostatic Patch Force Evaluation on the Lateral Resolution of Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy

Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) is widely used to measure the surface potential on samples, from which electrostatic patch force can be calculated. However, since the KPFM measurements represent a weighted average of local potentials on the sample, the accuracy of the evaluation critically depends on the precision and lateral resolution of the method. In this paper, we investigate the influence of this averaging effect on patch force estimations using both analytic and numerical methods. First, we derive the correlation functions of patch potential and establish the formulas for calculating the electrostatic patch forces in the parallel-plate geometry, with and without consideration of the KPFM measurement effect. Thus, an analytic method is established to determine the accuracy of patch force evaluation when the statistical parameters of the patch potential and the lateral resolution of the KPFM are given. Second, numerical simulations are employed to explore the dependence of estimated patch forces on the KPFM's lateral resolution under more realistic conditions. Both analytic and numerical results show a similar dependence of the patch force estimation on the patch characteristic size, potential fluctuation and the lateral resolution of the KPFM. It is also found that the underestimation of the patch force becomes less sensitive to the KPFM's resolution as the separation between plates increases. The results of this study could provide useful guidance for the accurate evaluation of electrostatic patch forces using KPFM.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2022

Proposal for the search for exotic spin-spin interactions at the micrometer scale using functionalized cantilever force sensors

Spin-dependent exotic interactions can be generated by exchanging hypothetical bosons, which were introduced to solve some puzzles in physics. Many precision experiments have been performed to search for such interactions, but no confirmed observation has been made. Here, we propose new experiments to search for the exotic spin-spin interactions that can be mediated by axions or Z$^\prime$ bosons. A sensitive functionalized cantilever is utilized as a force sensor to measure the interactions between the spin-polarized electrons in a periodic magnetic source structure and a closed-loop magnetic structure integrated on the cantilever. The source is set to oscillate during data acquisition to modulate the exotic force signal to high harmonics of the oscillating frequency. This helps to suppress the spurious signals at the signal frequency. Different magnetic source structures are designed for different interaction detections. A magnetic stripe structure is designed for Z$^\prime$-mediated interaction, which is insensitive to the detection of axion-mediated interaction. This allows us to measure the coupling constant of both if we assume both exist. With the force sensitivity achievable at low temperature, the proposed experiments are expected to search for the parameter spaces with much smaller coupling constant than the current stringent constraints from micrometer to millimeter range. Specifically, the lower bound of the parameter space will be seven orders of magnitude lower than the stringent constraints for Z$^\prime$-mediated interaction, and an order of magnitude lower for axion-mediated interaction, at the interaction range of $10\, μ$m.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2021

Search for an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using a magnetic force microscope

Exotic spin-dependent interactions may be generated by exchanging hypothetical bosons that have been proposed to solve some mysteries in physics by theories beyond the standard model of particle physics. The search for such interactions can be conducted by tabletop scale experiments using high precision measurement techniques. Here we report an experiment to explore the parity-odd interaction between moving polarized electrons and unpolarized nucleons using a magnetic force microscope. The polarized electrons are provided by the magnetic tip at the end of a silicon cantilever, and their polarizations are approximately magnetized in the plane of the magnetic coating on the tip. A periodic structure with alternative gold and silicon dioxide stripes provides unpolarized nucleons with periodic number density modulation. The exotic forces are expected to change the oscillation amplitude of the cantilever which is measured by a fiber laser interferometer. Data has been taken by scanning the tip over the nucleon source structure at constant separation, and no exotic signal related to the density modulation has been observed. Thus, the experiment sets a limit on the electron-nucleon coupling constant, $g_A^eg_V^N\leq 9\times 10^{-15}$ for 15 $μ$m $\le λ\le$ 180 $μ$m, using a direct force measurement method.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Test of non-Newtonian gravitational force at micrometer range

We report an experimental test of non-Newtonian gravitational forces at mi- crometer range. To experimentally subtract off the Casimir force and the electrostatic force background, differential force measurements were performed by sensing the lateral force between a gold sphere and a density modulated source mass using a soft cantilever. The current sensitivity is limited by the patch electrostatic force, which is further improved by two dimensional (2D) force mapping. The preliminary result sets a model independent constraint on the Yukawa type force at this range.

gr-qc↗