p-adic Strings Then and Now
After a brief review of the idea and main results of the original p-adic string work, I describe the recent interest in p-adic strings in the context of AdS/CFT duality
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arXiv subjects
Peter G. O. Freund
Publications and source records attributed to Peter G. O. Freund.
Nambu at Work
This paper is based on a talk delivered on 16 November, 2015 in Osaka at the Nambu's Century: International Symposium on Yoichiro Nambu's Physics
physics.hist-ph↗
Emergent Gauge Fields
Erik Verlinde's proposal of the emergence of the gravitational force as an entropic force is extended to abelian and non-abelian gauge fields and to matter fields. This suggests a picture with no fundamental forces or forms of matter whatsoever.
hep-th↗
Dynamical Spin II
The possibility of building all particles from spinless constituents is explored. Composite fermions are formed from bosonic carriers of electric and magnetic charge of a composite abelian gauge field. Internal attributes are accounted for by dimensional reduction from a higher-dimensional space-time in which the abelian gauge field is replaced by a composite higher-rank antisymmetric tensor field. The problem of building magnetically neutral fermions is considered.
hep-th↗
Gregor Wentzel
We review the life and remarkable contributions to Physics of Gregor Wentzel.
physics.hist-ph↗
Diffractive Vector Meson Photoproduction from Dual String Theory
We study diffractive vector meson photoproduction using string theory via AdS/CFT. The large $s$ behavior of the cross sections for the scattering of the vector meson $V$ on a proton is dominated by the soft Pomeron, $σ_V\sim s^{2ε-2α'_P/B}$, where from the string theory model of \cite{nastase2}, $ε$ is approximately 1/7 below 10 GeV, and 1/11 for higher, but still sub-Froissart, energies. This is due to the production of black holes in the dual gravity. In $ϕ$-photoproduction the mesonic Regge poles do not contribute, so that we deal with a pure Pomeron contribution. This allows for an experimental test. At the gauge theory "Planck scale" of about 1-2 GeV, the ratios of the soft Pomeron contributions to the photoproduction cross-sections of different vector mesons involve not only the obvious quark model factors, but also the Boltzmann factors $e^{-4 M_V/T_0}$, with $T_0$ the temperature of the dual black hole. The presence of these factors is confirmed in the experimental data for $ρ, ω, ϕ, J/ψ,$ and $ψ(2S)$ photoproduction and is compatible with the meager $Υ$ photoproduction data. Throughout, we use vector meson dominance, and from the data we obtain $T_0$ of about $1.3 GeV$, i.e. the gauge theory "Planck scale," as expected. The ratio of the experimental soft Pomeron onset scale $\hat{E}_R\sim 9$ GeV and of the gauge theory Planck scale, $T_0 \sim 1.3$ GeV conforms to the theoretical prediction of $N_c^2/N_c^{1/4}$.
hep-th↗
Two-component Duality and Strings
A phenomenologically successful two-component hadronic duality picture led to Veneziano's amplitude, the fundamental first step to string theory. This picture is briefly recalled and its two components are identified as the open strings (mesons and baryons) and closed strings (Pomeron).
hep-th↗
Irving Kaplansky and Supersymmetry
Remarks at the Irving Kaplansky Memorial about a collaboration during the early period of the renewal of contacts between mathematicians and theoretical physicists.
physics.hist-ph↗
p-adic Strings and their Applications
The theory of p-adic strings is reviewed along with some of their applications, foremost among them to the tachyon condensation problem in string theory. Some open problems are discussed, in particular that of the superstring in 10 dimensions as the end-stage of the 26-dimensional closed bosonic string's tachyon condensation.
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Physics and Geometry
Our understanding of the four basic concepts of Physics -- space, time, matter and force -- has undergone radical change in the course of work on unification, starting with Maxwell's unification of electricity with magnetism, all the way to present day string theory. What started as four independent concepts, with space and time postulated and the possible forms of matter and force arbitrarily chosen, now appear as different aspects of a rich and novel dynamically determined structure.
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Gravitational Analogues of Non-linear Born Electrodynamics
Gravitational analogues of the nonlinear electrodynamics of Born and of Born and Infeld are introduced and applied to the black hole problem. This work is mainly devoted to the 2-dimensional case in which the relevant lagrangians are nonpolynomial in the scalar curvature.
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Discrete Scale Invariance and the "Second Black Monday"
Evidence is offered for log-periodic (in time) fluctuations in the S&P 500 stock index during the three years prior to the October 27, 1997 "correction". These fluctuations were expected on the basis of a discretely scale invariant rupture phenomenology of stock market crashes proposed earlier.
cond-mat↗
High Energy Hadronic Total Cross-Sections
High energy hadronic total cross-section data are found to agree with the predictions of a QCD-string picture.
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T-Duality Considerations for Hadronic Strings
We show that a simple account of hadronic high energy total cross-sections and of the observed masses and flavor-gauge-like couplings of the familiar vector mesons is obtained in a hadronic string model suggested by QCD in the limit of a large number of colors. Our picture involves a Minkowski space which in addition to the well established continuous one time and three space dimensions is endowed with an extra discrete space dimension involving a minimal 2-point lattice with spacing of order 10^{-14} cm in one of the two T-dual pictures. New mesonic states with characteristic decay modes are expected in such a picture.
hep-ph↗
Discrete Scaling in Stock Markets Before Crashes
We propose a picture of stock market crashes as critical points in a hierachical system with discrete scaling. The critical exponent is then complex, leading to log-periodic fluctuations in stock market indexes. We present ``experimental'' evidence in favor of this prediction. This picture is in the spirit of the known earthquake-stock market analogy and of recent work on log-periodic fluctuations associated with earthquakes.
cond-mat↗
Dirac Monopoles and Witten's Monopole Equations
A simple solution of Witten's monopole equations is given.
hep-th↗
The Spectral Problem for the q-Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov Equation
We analyse the spectral problem for the q-Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations for $U_q(\widehat{sl_2}) (0 < q \leq 1)$ at level zero. The case of 2-point functions in the fundamental representation is studied in detail. The scattering states are found explicitly in terms of continuous q-Jacobi polynomials. The corresponding S-matrix is shown to coincide, up to a trivial factor, with the kink-antikink S-matrix in the spin-1/2 XXZ antiferromagnet.
hep-th↗
Excitation Scattering in Integrable Models and Hall-Littlewood-Kerov Polynomials
The S-matrices for the scattering of two excitations in the XYZ model and in all of its SU(n)-type generalizations are obtained from the asymptotic behavior of Kerov's generalized Hall-Littlewood polynomials. These physical scattering processes are all reduced to geometric s-wave scattering problems on certain quantum-symmetric spaces, whose zonal spherical functions these Hall-Littlewood-Kerov polynomials are. Mathematically, this involves a generalization with an unlimited number of parameters of the Macdonald polynomials. Physically, our results suggest that, of the (1+1)-dimensional models, the integrable ones are those, for which the scattering of excitations becomes geometric in the sense above.
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