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Peter Scholze

Publications and source records attributed to Peter Scholze.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Condensed Mathematics and Complex Geometry

This is a slightly revised version of lectures notes for a course in Summer 2022 joint between Bonn and Copenhagen, intended as a stable citable version. The goal of this course is to make our general approach to analytic geometry via condensed mathematics more concrete by concentrating on the case of complex-analytic geometry. Instead of trying to develop new kinds of geometry, here we only try to redevelop the classical theory from a different point of view. More precisely, we reprove some important theorems for compact complex manifolds, including finiteness of coherent cohomology, Serre duality, GAGA and (Grothendieck--)Hirzebruch--Riemann--Roch.

math.CV↗
arXiv2026

Lectures on Analytic Geometry

This is a slightly updated version of lectures notes for a course on analytic geometry taught in the winter term 2019/20 at the University of Bonn. The material presented is part of joint work with Dustin Clausen. This is intended as a stable citable version of the material. In the first half of this course, we develop the basic theory of liquid real vector spaces, which we used in another course to give a new approach to complex-analytic geometry. In the second half, we gave a tentative definition of a category of analytic spaces that contains (for example) adic spaces and complex-analytic spaces. While the precise definition of analytic spaces represents an abandoned stepping stone on our way to define analytic stacks and hence should be seen as a historical artifact, much of the surrounding discussion stays very relevant.

math.AG↗
arXiv2026

Lectures on Condensed Mathematics

This is an updated version of the lectures notes for a course on condensed mathematics taught in the summer term 2019 at the University of Bonn. The material presented is joint work with Dustin Clausen. This is intended as a stable citable version of the original lectures, with mostly cosmetic changes to the original document, together with some small corrections.

math.NT↗
arXiv2025

Six-Functor Formalisms

These are lecture notes for a course in Winter 2022/23, updated and completed in October 2025. The goal of the lectures is to present some recent developments around six-functor formalisms, in particular: the abstract theory of 6-functor formalisms; the 2-category of cohomological correspondences, and resulting simplifications in the proofs of Poincar\'e--Verdier duality results; the relation between 6-functor formalisms and ``geometric rings''; many examples of 6-functor formalisms, both old and new.

math.AG↗
arXiv2025

A note on higher almost ring theory

We explain a derived version of the basic construction of localisations of module categories by means of idempotent ideals, which lie at the heart of Faltings' almost ring theory. We use it to provide an example of a commutative algebra in positive characteristic whose Frobenius endomorphism does not induce an isomorphism on its smashing spectrum.

math.AC↗
arXiv2025

Analytic de Rham stacks of Fargues-Fontaine curves

We define and initiate the study of analytic de Rham stacks of relative Fargues-Fontaine curves. To this end, we develop a theory of analytic de Rham stacks with sufficiently strong descent and approximation properties. Specializing to the de Rham stack of the Fargues-Fontaine curve attached to $\mathbb{C}_p$, we apply the general theory to obtain a new geometric proof of the $p$-adic monodromy theorem, avoiding any reliance on earlier results on $p$-adic differential equations. Building on the foundations established here, we plan in a sequel to investigate the cohomology of de Rham stacks of relative Fargues-Fontaine curves in geometric situations and, in particular, provide a stack-theoretic definition of Hyodo-Kato cohomology.

math.AG↗
arXiv2025

The Habiro ring of a number field

We introduce the Habiro ring of a number field $\mathbb{K}$ and modules over it graded by $K_3(\mathbb{K})$. Elements of these modules are collections of power series at each complex root of unity that arithmetically glue with each other after applying a Frobenius endomorphism, and after dividing at each prime by a collection of series that depends solely on an element of the Bloch group. The main theorems of this paper concern number fields, their algebraic $K$-theory and its regulator maps (Borel, $p$-adic and étale), whereas the explicit collections of series are defined by a careful algebraic analysis of the infinite Pochhammer symbol at roots of unity. The origin of the above mentioned power series comes from perturbative Chern--Simons theory and by expansions of the admissible series of Kontsevich--Soibelman, both ultimately related to the infinite Pochhammer symbol. This link suggests that some Donaldson-Thomas invariants have arithmetic meaning and that some elements of the Habiro ring of a number field have enumerative meaning. Added subsection 1.1 explaining what the paper is about and subsection 1.8 explaining the relation to perturbative complex Chern-Simons theory.

math.NT↗
arXiv2025

Wild Betti sheaves

In this note, we consider the problem of constructing an enlargement of the category of Betti sheaves that supports an ``exponential local system'' on $\mathbb R$, and a Fourier equivalence defined on all sheaves. We show that there is a universal solution, recovering a construction of Tamarkin known also as ``enhanced sheaves''. The universality property implies that the category of coefficients of this theory is, in a suitable sense, a nontrivial $\mathbb R_{>0}$-torsor over $\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb Z)$.

math.AG↗
arXiv2024

Berkovich Motives

We construct a theory of (etale) Berkovich motives. This is closely related to Ayoub's theory of rigid-analytic motives, but works uniformly in the archimedean and nonarchimedean setting. We aim for a self-contained treatment, not relying on previous work on algebraic or analytic motives. Applying the theory to discrete fields, one still recovers the etale version of Voevodsky's theory. Two notable features of our setting which do not hold in other settings are that over any base, the cancellation theorem holds true, and under only minor assumptions on the base, the stable $\infty$-category of motivic sheaves is rigid dualizable.

math.AG↗
arXiv2024

Geometrization of the local Langlands correspondence

Following the idea of [Far16], we develop the foundations of the geometric Langlands program on the Fargues--Fontaine curve. In particular, we define a category of $\ell$-adic sheaves on the stack $\mathrm{Bun}_G$ of $G$-bundles on the Fargues--Fontaine curve, prove a geometric Satake equivalence over the Fargues--Fontaine curve, and study the stack of $L$-parameters. As applications, we prove finiteness results for the cohomology of local Shimura varieties and general moduli spaces of local shtukas, and define $L$-parameters associated with irreducible smooth representations of $G(E)$, a map from the spectral Bernstein center to the Bernstein center, and the spectral action of the category of perfect complexes on the stack of $L$-parameters on the category of $\ell$-adic sheaves on $\mathrm{Bun}_G$.

math.RT↗
arXiv2024

Geometric Eisenstein series I: finiteness theorems

We develop the theory of geometric Eisenstein series and constant term functors for $\ell$-adic sheaves on stacks of bundles on the Fargues-Fontaine curve. In particular, we prove essentially optimal finiteness theorems for these functors, analogous to the usual finiteness properties of parabolic inductions and Jacquet modules. We also prove a geometric form of Bernstein's second adjointness theorem, generalizing the classical result and its recent extension to more general coefficient rings proved in [Dat-Helm-Kurinczuk-Moss]. As applications, we decompose the category of sheaves on $\mathrm{Bun}_G$ into cuspidal and Eisenstein parts, and show that the gluing functors between strata of $\mathrm{Bun}_G$ are continuous in a very strong sense.

math.NT↗
arXiv2023

On the generic part of the cohomology of non-compact unitary Shimura varieties

We prove that the generic part of the mod l cohomology of Shimura varieties associated to quasi-split unitary groups of even dimension is concentrated above the middle degree, extending our previous work to a non-compact case. The result applies even to Eisenstein cohomology classes coming from the locally symmetric space of the general linear group, and has been used in joint work with Allen, Calegari, Gee, Helm, Le Hung, Newton, Taylor and Thorne to get good control on these classes and deduce potential automorphy theorems without any self-duality hypothesis. Our main geometric result is a computation of the fibers of the Hodge-Tate period map on compactified Shimura varieties, in terms of similarly compactified Igusa varieties.

math.NT↗
arXiv2023

Prismatic $F$-crystals and crystalline Galois representations

Let $K$ be a complete discretely valued field of mixed characteristic $(0,p)$ with perfect residue field. We prove that the category of prismatic $F$-crystals on $\mathcal O_K$ is equivalent to the category of lattices in crystalline $G_K$-representations.

math.NT↗
arXiv2023

Relative Perversity

We define and study a relative perverse $t$-structure associated with any finitely presented morphism of schemes $f: X\to S$, with relative perversity equivalent to perversity of the restrictions to all geometric fibres of $f$. The existence of this $t$-structure is closely related to perverse $t$-exactness properties of nearby cycles. This $t$-structure preserves universally locally acyclic sheaves, and one gets a resulting abelian category $\mathrm{Perv}^{\mathrm{ULA}}(X/S)$ with many of the same properties familiar in the absolute setting (e.g., noetherian, artinian, compatible with Verdier duality). For $S$ connected and geometrically unibranch with generic point $η$, the functor $\mathrm{Perv}^{\mathrm{ULA}}(X/S)\to \mathrm{Perv}(X_η)$ is exact and fully faithful, and its essential image is stable under passage to subquotients. This yields a notion of "good reduction" for perverse sheaves.

math.AG↗
arXiv2023

Purity for flat cohomology

We establish the flat cohomology version of the Gabber-Thomason purity for étale cohomology: for a complete intersection Noetherian local ring $(R, \mathfrak{m})$ and a commutative, finite, flat $R$-group $G$, the flat cohomology $H^i_{\mathfrak{m}}(R, G)$ vanishes for $i < \mathrm{dim}(R)$. For small $i$, this settles conjectures of Gabber that extend the Grothendieck-Lefschetz theorem and give purity for the Brauer group for schemes with complete intersection singularities. For the proof, we reduce to a flat purity statement for perfectoid rings, establish $p$-complete arc descent for flat cohomology of perfectoids, and then relate to coherent cohomology of $\mathbb{A}_{\mathrm{inf}}$ via prismatic Dieudonné theory. We also present an algebraic version of tilting for étale cohomology, use it to reprove the Gabber-Thomason purity, and exhibit general properties of fppf cohomology of (animated) rings with finite, locally free group scheme coefficients, such as excision, agreement with fpqc cohomology, and continuity.

math.AG↗
arXiv2022

Potential automorphy over CM fields

Let $F$ be a CM number field. We prove modularity lifting theorems for regular $n$-dimensional Galois representations over $F$ without any self-duality condition. We deduce that all elliptic curves $E$ over $F$ are potentially modular, and furthermore satisfy the Sato--Tate conjecture. As an application of a different sort, we also prove the Ramanujan Conjecture for weight zero cuspidal automorphic representations for $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbf{A}_F)$.

math.NT↗
arXiv2022

Prisms and Prismatic Cohomology

We introduce the notion of a prism, which may be regarded as a "deperfection" of the notion of a perfectoid ring. Using prisms, we attach a ringed site -- the prismatic site -- to a $p$-adic formal scheme. The resulting cohomology theory specializes to (and often refines) most known integral $p$-adic cohomology theories. As applications, we prove an improved version of the almost purity theorem allowing ramification along arbitrary closed subsets (without using adic spaces), give a co-ordinate free description of $q$-de Rham cohomology as conjectured by the second author, and settle a vanishing conjecture for the $p$-adic Tate twists $\mathbf{Z}_p(n)$ introduced in previous joint work with Morrow.

math.AG↗