arXiv subjects

Pierre Jannin

Publications and source records attributed to Pierre Jannin.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2019

Why rankings of biomedical image analysis competitions should be interpreted with care

International challenges have become the standard for validation of biomedical image analysis methods. Given their scientific impact, it is surprising that a critical analysis of common practices related to the organization of challenges has not yet been performed. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of biomedical image analysis challenges conducted up to now. We demonstrate the importance of challenges and show that the lack of quality control has critical consequences. First, reproducibility and interpretation of the results is often hampered as only a fraction of relevant information is typically provided. Second, the rank of an algorithm is generally not robust to a number of variables such as the test data used for validation, the ranking scheme applied and the observers that make the reference annotations. To overcome these problems, we recommend best practice guidelines and define open research questions to be addressed in the future.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2017

Knowledge transfer for surgical activity prediction

Lack of training data hinders automatic recognition and prediction of surgical activities necessary for situation-aware operating rooms. We propose using knowledge transfer to compensate for data deficit and improve prediction. We used two approaches to extract and transfer surgical process knowledge. First, we encoded semantic information about surgical terms using word embedding which boosted learning process. Secondly, we passed knowledge between different clinical datasets of neurosurgical procedures using transfer learning. Transfer learning was shown to be more effective than a simple combination of data, especially for less similar procedures. The combination of two methods provided 22% improvement of activity prediction. We also made several pertinent observations about surgical practices.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2017

Analyzing Before Solving: Which Parameters Influence Low-Level Surgical Activity Recognition

Automatic low-level surgical activity recognition is today well-known technical bottleneck for smart and situation-aware assistance for the operating room of the future. Our study sought to discover which sensors and signals could facilitate this recognition. Low-level surgical activity represents semantic information about a surgical procedure that is usually expressed by the following elements: an action verb, surgical instrument, and operated anatomical structure. We hypothesized that activity recognition does not require sensors for all three elements. We conducted a large-scale study using deep learning on semantic data from 154 operations from four different surgeries. The results demonstrated that the instrument and verb encode similar information, meaning only one needs to be tracked, preferably the instrument. The anatomical structure, however, provides some unique cues, and it is thus crucial to recognize it. For all the studied surgeries, a combination of two elements, always including the structure, proved sufficient to confidently recognize the activities. We also found that in the presence of noise, combining the information about the instrument, structure, and historical context produced better results than a simple composition of all three elements. Several relevant observations about surgical practices were also made in this paper. Such findings provide cues for designing a new generation of operating rooms.

cs.HC↗

arXiv2017

Surgical Data Science: Enabling Next-Generation Surgery

This paper introduces Surgical Data Science as an emerging scientific discipline. Key perspectives are based on discussions during an intensive two-day international interactive workshop that brought together leading researchers working in the related field of computer and robot assisted interventions. Our consensus opinion is that increasing access to large amounts of complex data, at scale, throughout the patient care process, complemented by advances in data science and machine learning techniques, has set the stage for a new generation of analytics that will support decision-making and quality improvement in interventional medicine. In this article, we provide a consensus definition for Surgical Data Science, identify associated challenges and opportunities and provide a roadmap for advancing the field.

cs.CY↗