arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Pietro Baldi.
We prove that there are no networks homeomorphic to the Greek "theta" letter (a double cell) embedded in the plane with two triple junctions with angles of $120$ degrees, such that under the motion by curvature they are self-similarly shrinking. This fact completes the classification of the self-similarly shrinking networks in the plane with at most two triple junctions.
We prove the existence of Cantor families of small amplitude, linearly stable, quasi-periodic solutions of quasi-linear (also called strongly nonlinear) autonomous Hamiltonian differentiable perturbations of the mKdV equation. The proof is based on a weak version of the Birkhoff normal form algorithm and a nonlinear Nash-Moser iteration. The analysis of the linearized operators at each step of the iteration is achieved by pseudo-differential operator techniques and a linear KAM reducibility scheme.
We prove local exact controllability in arbitrary short time of the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equation with free surface, in the case with surface tension. This proves that one can generate arbitrary small amplitude periodic gravity-capillary water waves by blowing on a localized portion of the free surface of a liquid.
The paper deals with the 2D gravity-capillary water waves equations in their Hamiltonian formulation, addressing the question of the nonlinear interaction of a plane wave with its reflection off a vertical wall. The main result is the construction of small amplitude, standing (namely periodic in time and space, and not travelling) solutions of Sobolev regularity, for almost all values of the surface tension coefficient, and for a large set of time-frequencies. This is an existence result for a quasi-linear, Hamiltonian, reversible system of two autonomous pseudo-PDEs with small divisors. The proof is a combination of different techniques, such as a Nash-Moser scheme, microlocal analysis, and bifurcation analysis.
We prove the existence and stability of Cantor families of quasi-periodic, small amplitude solutions of quasi-linear (i.e. strongly nonlinear) autonomous Hamiltonian perturbations of KdV.
We prove the existence of quasi-periodic, small amplitude, solutions for quasi-linear and fully nonlinear forced perturbations of KdV equations. For Hamiltonian or reversible nonlinearities we also obtain the linear stability of the solutions. The proofs are based on a combination of different ideas and techniques: (i) a Nash-Moser iterative scheme in Sobolev scales. (ii) A regularization procedure, which conjugates the linearized operator to a differential operator with constant coefficients plus a bounded remainder. These transformations are obtained by changes of variables induced by diffeomorphisms of the torus and pseudo-differential operators. (iii) A reducibility KAM scheme, which completes the reduction to constant coefficients of the linearized operator, providing a sharp asymptotic expansion of the perturbed eigenvalues.
We prove the existence of time-periodic, small amplitude solutions of autonomous quasilinear or fully nonlinear completely resonant pseudo-PDEs of Benjamin-Ono type in Sobolev class. The result holds for frequencies in a Cantor set that has asymptotically full measure as the amplitude goes to zero. At the first order of amplitude, the solutions are the superposition of an arbitrarily large number of waves that travel with different velocities (multimodal solutions). The equation can be considered as a Hamiltonian, reversible system plus a non-Hamiltonian (but still reversible) perturbation that contains derivatives of the highest order. The main difficulties of the problem are: an infinite-dimensional bifurcation equation, and small divisors in the linearized operator, where also the highest order derivatives have nonconstant coefficients. The main technical step of the proof is the reduction of the linearized operator to constant coefficients up to a regularizing rest, by means of changes of variables and conjugation with simple linear pseudo-differential operators, in the spirit of the method of Iooss, Plotnikov and Toland for standing water waves (ARMA 2005). Other ingredients are a suitable Nash-Moser iteration in Sobolev spaces, and Lyapunov-Schmidt decomposition. (Version 2: small change in Section 2).
The paper deals with a problem of interaction between hydrodynamics and mechanics of nonlinear elastic bodies. The existence question for two-dimensional symmetric steady waves travelling on the surface of a deep ocean beneath a heavy elastic membrane is analyzed as a problem in bifurcation theory. The behaviour of the two-dimensional cross-section of the membrane is modelled as a thin (unshearable), heavy, hyperelastic Cosserat rod, following Antman's elasticity theory, and the fluid beneath is supposed to be in steady 2D irrotational motion under gravity. Assuming that gravity and the density of the undeformed membrane are prescribed, the free parameters of the problem are the speed of the wave and drift velocity of the membrane. The analysis relies upon a conformal formulation of the hydro-elastic problem developed in previous papers; the basic tool for the study of the bifurcation picture is the implicit function theorem, under some non-resonance assumptions. The most interesting part of the final result is the existence of a symmetry-breaking 'third sheet' of solutions, which bifurcates from primary sheets, and is a hydro-elastic analogue of the phenomenon known as 'Wilton ripples' in the surface tension case.
This is a study of two-dimensional steady periodic travelling waves on the surface of an infinitely deep irrotational ocean, when the top streamline is in contact with a membrane which has a nonlinear response to stretching and bending, and the pressure in the air above is constant. It is not supposed that the waves have small amplitude. The problem of existence of such waves is addressed using methods from the calculus of variations. The analysis involves the Hilbert transform and a Riemann-Hilbert formulation.
We consider Kirchhoff equations for vibrating bodies in any dimension in presence of a time-periodic external forcing with period 2pi/omega and amplitude epsilon, both for Dirichlet and for space-periodic boundary conditions. We prove existence, regularity and local uniqueness of time-periodic solutions of period 2pi/omega and order epsilon, by means of a Nash-Moser iteration scheme. The results hold for parameters (omega, epsilon) in Cantor sets having measure asymptotically full as epsilon tends to 0. (What's new in version 2: the case of finite-order Sobolev regularity, the case of space-periodic boundary conditions, a different iteration scheme in the proof, some references).
We prove existence and multiplicity of small amplitude periodic solutions of the completely resonant wave equation u_tt - u_xx + f(x,u)=0 with Dirichlet boundary conditions where f(x,u)=a_2 u^2 + a_3(x) u^3 + O(u^4) or f(x,u)= a_4 u^4 + O(u^5) for a Cantor-like set of frequencies omega of asymptotically full measure at omega=1.
We consider 1D completely resonant nonlinear wave equations of the type v_{tt}-v_{xx}=-v^3+O(v^4) with spatial periodic boundary conditions. We prove the existence of a new type of quasi-periodic small amplitude solutions with two frequencies, for more general nonlinearities. These solutions turn out to be, at the first order, the superposition of a traveling wave and a modulation of long period, depending only on time.