arXiv subjects

Qinghua Xu

Publications and source records attributed to Qinghua Xu.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2023

EvoCLINICAL: Evolving Cyber-Cyber Digital Twin with Active Transfer Learning for Automated Cancer Registry System

The Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN) collects information on cancer patients by receiving cancer messages from different medical entities (e.g., medical labs, and hospitals) in Norway. Such messages are validated by an automated cancer registry system: GURI. Its correct operation is crucial since it lays the foundation for cancer research and provides critical cancer-related statistics to its stakeholders. Constructing a cyber-cyber digital twin (CCDT) for GURI can facilitate various experiments and advanced analyses of the operational state of GURI without requiring intensive interactions with the real system. However, GURI constantly evolves due to novel medical diagnostics and treatment, technological advances, etc. Accordingly, CCDT should evolve as well to synchronize with GURI. A key challenge of achieving such synchronization is that evolving CCDT needs abundant data labelled by the new GURI. To tackle this challenge, we propose EvoCLINICAL, which considers the CCDT developed for the previous version of GURI as the pretrained model and fine-tunes it with the dataset labelled by querying a new GURI version. EvoCLINICAL employs a genetic algorithm to select an optimal subset of cancer messages from a candidate dataset and query GURI with it. We evaluate EvoCLINICAL on three evolution processes. The precision, recall, and F1 score are all greater than 91%, demonstrating the effectiveness of EvoCLINICAL. Furthermore, we replace the active learning part of EvoCLINICAL with random selection to study the contribution of transfer learning to the overall performance of EvoCLINICAL. Results show that employing active learning in EvoCLINICAL increases its performances consistently.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2023

Lambda polarization at Electron-ion collider in China

Lambda polarization can be measured through its self-analyzing weak decay, making it an ideal candidate for studying spin effects in high energy scatterings. In lepton-nucleon deeply inelastic scatterings (DIS), Lambda polarization measurements can probe the polarized parton distribution functions (PDFs) and the polarized fragmentation functions (FFs). One of the most promising facilities for high-energy nuclear physics research is the proposed Electron-ion collider in China (EicC). As a next-generation facility, EicC is set to propel our understandings of nuclear physics to new heights. In this article, we study the Lambda production in electron-proton collision at EicC energy, in particular Lambda's reconstruction based on the performance of the designed EicC detector. In addition, taking spontaneous transverse polarization as an example, we provide a theoretical prediction with statistical projection based on one month of EicC data taking, offering valuable insights into future research prospects.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2023

The RHIC Cold QCD Program

The RHIC Cold QCD program has produced a remarkable breadth of physics results and experimental techniques in the exploration of the fundamental structure of strongly interacting matter over the years. In this document, we present highlights of longitudinal and transverse spin physics to date and the 25 years of innovation in accelerator science from the RHIC Spin program. These measurements and techniques will be essential to fully realize the scientific missions of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) by providing a comprehensive set of measurements in hadronic collisions and laying the foundation for the design of the future EIC.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2022

Transverse Lambda production at the future Electron-Ion Collider

We provide a comprehensive overview of transversely polarized $Λ$ production at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). In particular, we study both spontaneous transverse $Λ$ polarization as well as the transverse spin transfer within the Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) factorization region. To describe spontaneous $Λ$ polarization, we consider the contribution from the TMD Polarizing Fragmentation Function (TMD PFF). Similarly, we study the contribution of the transverse spin transfer originating from the transversity TMD Fragmentation Function (TMD FF). We provide projections for the statistical uncertainties in the corresponding spin observables at the future EIC. Using these statistical uncertainties, we characterize the role that the future EIC will play in constraining these distributions. We perform an impact study in the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering process for spontaneous $Λ$ polarization with a proton beam. We find that the projected experimental data leads to a significant decrease in the uncertainties for the $u$ and sea TMD PFFs. Furthermore, to access the impact of the EIC on the transversity TMD FF, we perform the first extraction of the transversity TMD FF from the recent COMPASS data. We compare the statistical uncertainties of the future EIC with the theoretical uncertainties from our extraction and find that the EIC could have a significant role in constraining this distribution. Finally, we also provide projections for both spontaneous $Λ$ polarization as well as the transverse spin transfer inside the jets in back-to-back electron-jet production at the EIC.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Studies on ion back-flow of Time Projection Chamber based on GEM and anode wire grid

Gated wires are widely used in Time Projection Chamber (TPC) to avoid ion back-flow (IBF) in the drift volume. The anode wires can provide stable gain at high voltage with a long lifetime. However, switching on and off the gated grid (GG) leads to a dead time and also limit the readout efficiency of the TPC. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) foil provides a possibility of continuous readout for TPC, which can suppress IBF efficiently while keeping stable gain. A prototype chamber including two layers of GEM foils and anode wires has been built to combine both advantages from GEM and anode wire. Using Garfield++ and the finite element analysis (FEA) method, simulations of the transmission processes of electrons and ions are performed and results on absorption ratio of ions, gain and IBF ratio are obtained. The optimized parameters from simulation are then applied to the prototype chamber to test the IBF and other performances. Both GEM foils are run at low voltage (255V), while most of the gain is provided by the anode wire. The measurement shows that the IBF ratio can be suppressed to ~0.58% with double-layer GEM foils (staggered) at an effective gain about 2500 with an energy resolution about 10%.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2018

MWPC prototyping and performance test for the STAR inner TPC upgrade

A new prototype of STAR inner Time Projection Chamber (iTPC) MWPC sector has been fabricated and tested in an X-ray test system. The wire chamber built at Shandong University has a wire tension precision better than 6$\%$ and wire pitch precision better than 10 $μ$m. The gas gain uniformity and energy resolution are measured to be better than 1$\%$ (RMS) and 20$\%$ (FWHM), respectively, using an $^{55}$Fe X-ray source. The iTPC upgrade project is to replace all 24 STAR TPC inner sectors as a crucial detector upgrade for the RHIC beam energy scan phase II program. The test results show that the constructed iTPC prototype meets all project requirements.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2017

Measurement of Longitudinal Single-Spin Asymmetry for W$^\pm$ Production in Polarized Proton+Proton Collisions at STAR

The sea quark contribution to the nucleon spin is an important piece for a complete understanding of the nucleon spin structure. The production of W bosons in longitudinally polarized $p + p$ collisions at RHIC provides an unique probe for the sea quark polarization, through the parity-violating single-spin asymmetry, $A_L$. At the STAR experiment, W bosons through the leptonic decay channel $W \to e ν$ can be effectively determined with the Electromagnetic Calorimeters and Time Projection Chamber at mid-rapidity. The previous STAR measurements of $A_L$ for W boson production from datasets taken in 2011 and 2012, have provided significant constraints on the helicity distribution functions of $\bar u$ and $\bar d$ quarks. In 2013 the STAR experiment collected $p+p$ data with an integrated luminosity of about 300 pb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt s$ = 510 GeV with an average beam polarization of about $56\%$, which is more than three times larger than the total integrated luminosity of previous years. The preliminary results of W-boson $A_L$ from 2013 data sample will be presented.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

The Nature of Electron Transport and visible light absorption in Strontium Niobate -- A Plasmonic Water Splitter

Semiconductor compounds are widely used for water splitting applications, where photo-generated electron-hole pairs are exploited to induce catalysis. Recently, powders of a metallic oxide (Sr$_{1-x}$NbO$_3$, 0.03 < x < 0.20) have shown competitive photocatalytic efficiency, opening up the material space available for finding optimizing performance in water-splitting applications. The origin of the visible light absorption in these powders was reported to be due to an interband transition and the charge carrier separation was proposed to be due to the high carrier mobility of this material. In the current work we have prepared epitaxial thin films of Sr$_{0.94}$NbO$_{3+δ}$ and found that the bandgap of this material is ~4.1 eV, which is very large. Surprisingly the carrier density of the conducting phase reaches 10$^{22}$ cm$^{-3}$, which is only one order smaller than that of elemental metals and the carrier mobility is only 2.47 cm$^2$/(V$\cdot$s). Contrary to earlier reports, the visible light absorption at 1.8 eV (~688 nm) is due to the bulk plasmon resonance, arising from the large carrier density, instead of an interband transition. Excitation of the plasmonic resonance results in a multifold enhancement of the lifetime of charge carriers. Thus we propose that the hot charge carriers generated from decay of plasmons produced by optical absorption is responsible for the water splitting efficiency of this material under visible light irradiation.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2006

Longitudinal Spin Transfer in Inclusive $Λ$ and $\bar Λ$ Production in Polarized Proton-proton Collisions at $\sqrt s$ =200 GeV

This contribution reports on a proof-of-principle measurement of the longitudinal spin transfer $D_{LL}$ in inclusive $Λ$ and $\bar Λ$ production in polarized proton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV. The data sample consists of about 3 $\times$ $10^6$ minimum bias events collected in the year 2005 by the STAR experiment at RHIC with proton beam polarizations of up to 50%. The $Λ$($\bar Λ$) candidates are reconstructed at mid-rapidity ($|η|<1$) using the STAR Time Projection Chamber via the dominant decay channel $Λ\to p π^-$ ($\bar Λ\to \bar p π^+$). Their mean transverse momentum $p_T$ is about 1.3 GeV/c and longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F = 7.5 \times 10^{-3}$ . The longitudinal $Λ$($\bar Λ$) polarization is determined using a method in which the detector acceptance mostly cancels.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2005

Measurements of $Λ$ and $\bar Λ$ polarization in longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt s$ =200 GeV at STAR

Preliminary results for the longitudinal polarization of $Λ$ and ${\bar Λ}$ hyperons in longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt s$ = 200 GeV are presented. The $Λ$($\bar Λ$) candidates are reconstructed at mid-rapidity ($|η|<1$) with the time projection chamber of the STAR experiment at RHIC, using 0.5 pb$^{-1}$ collected in 2003 and 2004 with beam polarizations of up to 45%. Their mean longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F$ is about 8 $\times$$10^{-3}$ and their mean transverse momentum $p_T$ is about 1.5 GeV. The analysis uses asymmetries of counts for different spin states of the colliding proton beams and does not require detailed knowledge of the detector acceptance. The preliminary $Λ$(${\bar Λ}$) polarization values are consistent with zero within their statistical uncertainties of 0.05.

hep-ex↗