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Qiongyi He

Publications and source records attributed to Qiongyi He.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

Remote generation of magnon Schrödinger cat state via magnon-photon entanglement

Magnon cat state represents a macroscopic quantum superposition of collective magnetic excitations of large number spins that not only provides fundamental tests of macroscopic quantum effects but also finds applications in quantum metrology and quantum computation. In particular, remote generation and manipulation of Schrödinger cat states are particularly interesting for the development of long-distance and large-scale quantum information processing. Here, we propose an approach to remotely prepare magnon even/odd cat states by performing local non-Gaussian operations on the optical mode that is entangled with magnon mode through pulsed optomagnonic interaction. By evaluating key properties of the resulting cat states, we show that for experimentally feasible parameters they are generated with both high fidelity and nonclassicality, and with a size large enough to be useful for quantum technologies. Furthermore, the effects of experimental imperfections such as the error of projective measurements and dark count when performing single-photon operations have been discussed, where the lifetime of the created magnon cat states is expected to be $t\sim1\,μ$s.

quant-ph↗

Demonstration that Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering requires more than one bit of faster-than-light information transmission

Schrödinger held that a local quantum system has some objectively real quantum state and no other (hidden) properties. He therefore took the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) phenomenon, which he generalized and called `steering', to require nonlocal wavefunction collapse. Because this would entail faster-than-light (FTL) information transmission, he doubted that it would be seen experimentally. Here we report a demonstration of EPR steering with entangled photon pairs that puts--in Schrödinger's interpretation--a non-zero lower bound on the amount of FTL information transmission. We develop a family of $n$-setting loss-tolerant EPR-steering inequalities allowing for a size-$d$ classical message sent from Alice's laboratory to Bob's. For the case $n=3$ and $d=2$ (one bit) we observe a statistically significant violation. Our experiment closes the efficiency and locality loopholes, and we address the freedom-of-choice loophole by using quantum random number generators to independently choose Alice's and Bob's measurement basis settings. To close the efficiency and locality loopholes simultaneously, we introduce methods for quickly switching between three mutually unbiased measurement bases and for accurately characterizing the efficiency of detectors. From the space-time arrangement of our experiment, we can conclude that if the mechanism for the observed bipartite correlations is that Alice's measurement induces wave-function collapse of Bob's particle, then more than one bit of information must travel from Alice to Bob at more than three times the speed of light.

quant-ph↗

Quantum computing with superconducting circuits in the picosecond regime

We discuss the realization of a universal set of ultrafast single- and two-qubit operations with superconducting quantum circuits and investigate the most relevant physical and technical limitations that arise when pushing for faster and faster gates. With the help of numerical optimization techniques, we establish a fundamental bound on the minimal gate time, which is determined independently of the qubit design solely by its nonlinearity. In addition, important practical restrictions arise from the finite qubit transition frequency and the limited bandwidth of the control pulses. We show that for highly anharmonic flux qubits and commercially available control electronics, elementary single- and two-qubit operations can be implemented in about 100 picoseconds with residual gate errors below $10^{-4}$. Under the same conditions, we simulate the complete execution of a compressed version of Shor's algorithm for factoring the number 15 in about one nanosecond. These results demonstrate that compared to state-of-the-art implementations with transmon qubits, a hundredfold increase in the speed of gate operations with superconducting circuits is still feasible.

quant-ph↗

Detecting Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in non-Gaussian spin states from conditional spin-squeezing parameters

We present an experimentally practical method to reveal Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in non-Gaussian spin states by exploiting a connection to quantum metrology. Our criterion is based on the quantum Fisher information, and uses bounds derived from generalized spin-squeezing parameters that involve measurements of higher-order moments. This leads us to introduce the concept of conditional spin-squeezing parameters, which quantify the metrological advantage provided by conditional states, as well as detect the presence of an EPR paradox.

quant-ph↗

A generalised multipath delayed-choice experiment on a large-scale quantum nanophotonic chip

Famous double-slit or double-path experiments, implemented in a Young's or Mach-Zehnder interferometer, have confirmed the dual nature of quantum matter, When a stream of photons, neutrons, atoms, or molecules, passes through two slits, either wave-like interference fringes build up on a screen, or particle-like which-path distribution can be ascertained. These quantum objects exhibit both wave and particle properties but exclusively, depending on the way they are measured. In an equivalent Mach-Zehnder configuration, the object displays either wave or particle nature in the presence or absence of a beamsplitter, respectively, that represents the choice of which-measurement. Wheeler further proposed a gedanken experiment, in which the choice of which-measurement is delayed, i.e. determined after the object has already entered the interferometer, so as to exclude the possibility of predicting which-measurement it will confront. The delayed-choice experiments have enabled significant demonstrations of genuine two-path duality of different quantum objects. Recently, a quantum controlled version of delayed-choice was proposed by Ionicioiu and Terno, by introducing a quantum-controlled beamsplitter that is in a coherent superposition of presence and absence. It represents a controllable experiment platform that can not only reveal wave and particle characters, but also their superposition. Moreover, a quantitative description of two-slit duality relation was initialized in Wootters and Zurek's seminal work and formalized by Greenberger,et. al. as D2+V2<=1, where D is the distinguishability of whichpath information, and V is the contrast visibility of interference. In this regard, getting which-path information exclusively reduces the interference visibility, and vice versa. This double-path duality relation has been tested in pioneer experiments and recently in delayed-choice measurements.

quant-ph↗

Quantification of Wigner Negativity Remotely Generated via Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering

Wigner negativity, as a well-known indicator of nonclassicality, plays an essential role in quantum computing and simulation using continuous-variable systems. Recently, it has been proven that Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is a prerequisite to generate Wigner negativity between two remote modes. Motivated by the demand of real-world quantum network, here we investigate the shareability of generated Wigner negativity in the multipartite scenario from a quantitative perspective. By establishing a monogamy relation akin to the generalized Coffman-Kundu-Wootters inequality, we show that the amount of Wigner negativity cannot be freely distributed among different modes. Moreover, for photon subtraction -- one of the main experimentally realized non-Gaussian operations -- we provide a general method to quantify the remotely generated Wigner negativity. With this method, we find that there is no direct quantitative relation between the Gaussian steerability and the amount of generated Wigner negativity. Our results pave the way for exploiting Wigner negativity as a valuable resource for numerous quantum information protocols based on non-Gaussian scenario.

quant-ph↗

Unconventional magnon excitation by off-resonant microwaves

It is widely recognized that a physical system can only respond to a periodic driving significantly when the driving frequency matches the normal mode frequency of the system, which leads to resonance. Off-resonant phenomena are rarely considered because of the difficulty to realize strong coupling between physical systems and off-resonant waves. Here we examine the response of a magnetic system to squeezed light and surprisingly find that the magnons are maximally excited when the effective driving frequency is several orders of magnitude larger than the resonant frequency. The generated magnons are squeezed which brings the advantage of tunable squeezing through an external magnetic field. Furthermore, we demonstrate that such off-resonant quasi-particle excitation is universal in all the hybrid systems in which the coherent and parametric interaction of bosons exists and that it is purely a quantum effect, which is rooted in the quantum fluctuations of particles in the squeezed vacuum. Our findings may provide an unconventional route to study off-resonant phenomena and may further benefit the use of hybrid matter-light systems in continuous variable quantum information.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

Deterministic distribution of multipartite entanglement and steering in a quantum network by separable states

As two valuable quantum resources, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement and steering play important roles in quantum-enhanced communication protocols. Distributing such quantum resources among multiple remote users in a network is a crucial precondition underlying various quantum tasks. We experimentally demonstrate the deterministic distribution of two- and three-mode Gaussian entanglement and steering by transmitting separable states in a network consisting of a quantum server and multiple users. In our experiment, entangled states are not prepared solely by the quantum server, but are created among independent users during the distribution process. More specifically, the quantum server prepares separable squeezed states and applies classical displacements on them before spreading out, and users simply perform local beam-splitter operations and homodyne measurements after they receive separable states. We show that the distributed Gaussian entanglement and steerability are robust against channel loss. Furthermore, one-way Gaussian steering is achieved among users that is useful for further directional or highly asymmetric quantum information processing.

quant-ph↗

Nonperturbative leakage elimination for a logical qubit encoded in a mechanical oscillator

Continuous-variable (CV) systems are attracting increasing attention in the realization of universal quantum computation. Several recent experiments have shown the feasibility of using CV systems to, e.g., encode a qubit into a trapped-ion mechanical oscillator and perform logic gates [Nature 566, 513-517 (2019)]. The essential next step is to protect the encoded qubit from quantum decoherence, e.g., the motional decoherence due to the interaction between a mechanical oscillator and its environment. Here we propose a scheme to suppress quantum decoherence of a single-mode harmonic oscillator used to encode qubits by introducing a nonperturbative leakage elimination operator (LEO) specifically designed for this purpose. Remarkably, our nonperturbative LEO can be used to analytically derive exact equations of motion without approximations. It also allows us to prove that the effectiveness of these LEOs only depends on the integral of the pulse sequence in the time domain, while details of the pulse shape does not make a significant difference when the time period is chosen appropriately. This control method can be applied to a system at an arbitrary temperature and arbitrary system-bath coupling strength which makes it extremely useful for general open quantum systems.

quant-ph↗

Quasi-Fine-Grained Uncertainty Relations

Nonlocality, which is the key feature of quantum theory, has been linked with the uncertainty principle by fine-grained uncertainty relations, by considering combinations of outcomes for different measurements. However, this approach assumes that information about the system to be fine-grained is local, and does not present an explicitly computable bound. Here, we generalize above approach to general quasi-fine-grained uncertainty relations (QFGURs) which applies in the presence of quantum memory and provides conspicuously computable bounds to quantitatively link the uncertainty to entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, respectively. Moreover, our QFGURs provide a framework to unify three important forms of uncertainty relations, i.e., universal uncertainty relations, uncertainty principle in the presence of quantum memory, and fine-grained uncertainty relation. This result gives a direct significance to the uncertainty principle, and allows us to determine whether a quantum measurement exhibits typical quantum correlations, meanwhile, it reveals a fundamental connection between basic elements of quantum theory, specifically, uncertainty measures, combined outcomes for different measurements, quantum memory, entanglement and EPR steering.

quant-ph↗

Number-phase entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering

We use the uncertainty relation between the operators associated to the total number of particles and to the relative phase of two bosonic modes to construct entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering criteria. These can be tested experimentally in a variety of systems, such as optical fields, Bose-Einstein condensates or mechanical oscillators. While known entanglement criteria involving the phase observable typically require to perform interference measurements by recombining the two systems, our criteria can be tested through local measurements at two spatially distinct positions, to investigate the nonlocal nature of quantum correlations. We present simple examples where our criteria are violated, and show their robustness to noise. Apart from being useful for state characterization, they might find application in quantum information protocols, for example based on number-phase teleportation.

quant-ph↗

Diagonal Entropy and Topological Phase Transitions in Extended Kitaev Chains

We investigate the diagonal entropy for ground states of the extended Kitaev chains with extensive pairing and hopping terms. The systems contain rich topological phases equivalently represented by topological invariant winding numbers and Majorana zero modes. Both the finite size scaling law and block scaling law of the diagonal entropy are studied, which indicates that the diagonal entropy demonstrates volume effect. The parameter of volume term is regarded as the diagonal entropy density, which can identify the critical points of symmetry-protected topological phase transitions efficiently in the studied models, even for those with higher winding numbers. The formulation of block scaling law and the capability of diagonal entropy density in detecting topological phase transitions are independent of the chosen bases. In order to manifest the advantage of diagonal entropy, we also calculate the global entanglement, which can not show clear signatures of the topological phase transitions. This work provides a new quantum-informatic approach to characterize the feature of the topologically ordered states and may motivate a deep understanding of the quantum coherence and diagonal entropy in various condensed matter systems.

quant-ph↗

Versatile Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering via a Quantum Frequency Comb

Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is an essential resource for quantum communication networks where the reliability of equipment at all of the nodes cannot be fully trusted. Here, we present experimental generation of a highly versatile and flexible repository of multipartite steering using an optical frequency comb and ultrafast pulse shaping. Simply modulating the optical spectral resolution of the detection system using the pulse shaper, this scheme is able to produce on-demand 4, 8 and 16-mode Gaussian steering without changing the photonics architecture. We find that the steerability increases with higher spectral resolution. For 16-mode state, we identify as many as 65534 possible bipartition steering existing in this intrinsic multimode quantum resource, and demonstrate that the prepared state steerability is robust to mode losses. Moreover, we verify four types of monogamy relations of Gaussian steering and demonstrate strong violation for one of them. Our method offers a powerful foundation for constructing quantum networks in real-world scenario.

quant-ph↗

Discrete time symmetry breaking in quantum circuits: exact solutions and tunneling

We discuss general properties of discrete time quantum symmetry breaking in degenerate parametric oscillators. Recent experiments in superconducting quantum circuit with Josephson junction nonlinearities give rise to new properties of strong parametric coupling and nonlinearities. Exact analytic solutions are obtained for the steady-state of this single-mode case of subharmonic generation. We also obtain analytic solutions for the tunneling time over which the time symmetry-breaking is lost above threshold. We find that additional anharmonic terms found in the superconducting case increase the tunneling rate, and can also lead to new regimes of tristability as well as bistability. Our analytic results are confirmed by number state calculations.

quant-ph↗

Schrödinger cats and steady states in subharmonic generation with Kerr nonlinearities

We discuss general properties of the equilibrium state of parametric down-conversion in superconducting quantum circuits with detunings and Kerr anharmonicities, in the strongly nonlinear regime. By comparing moments of the steady state and those of a Schrödinger cat, we show that true Schrödinger cats cannot survive in the steady state if there is any single-photon loss. A delta-function 'cat-like' steady-state distribution can be formed, but this only exists in the limit of an extremely large nonlinearity. The steady state is a mixed state, which is more complex than a mixture or linear combination of delta-functions, and whose purity is reduced by driving. We expect this general behaviour to occur in other driven, dissipative quantum subharmonic non-equilibrium open systems.

quant-ph↗

Engineering asymmetric steady-state Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in macroscopic hybrid systems

Generation of quantum correlations between separate objects is of significance both in fundamental physics and in quantum networks. One important challenge is to create the directional "spooky action-at-a-distanc" effects that Schrödinger called "steering" between two macroscopic and massive objects. Here, we analyze a generic scheme for generating steering correlations in cascaded hybrid systems in which two distant oscillators with effective masses of opposite signs are coupled to a unidirectional light field, a setup which is known to build up quantum correlations by means of quantum back-action evasion. The unidirectional coupling of the first to the second oscillator via the light field can be engineered to enhance steering in both directions and provides an active method for controlling the asymmetry of steering. We show that the resulting scheme can efficiently generate unconditional steady-state Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering between the two subsystems, even in the presence of thermal noise and optical losses. As a scenario of particular technological interest in quantum networks, we use our scheme to engineer enhanced steering from an untrusted node with limited tunability (in terms of interaction strength and type with the light field) to a trusted, highly tunable node, hence offering a path to implementing one-sided device-independent quantum tasks.

quant-ph↗

Manipulation and enhancement of asymmetric steering via interference effects induced by closed-loop coupling

We present a phase control method for a general three-mode system with closed-loop in coupling that drives the system into an entangled steady state and produces directional steering between two completely symmetric modes via quantum interference effects. In the scheme, two modes are coupled with each other both by a direct binary interaction and by an indirect interaction through a third intermediate damping mode, creating interference effects determined by the relative phase between the two physical interaction paths. By calculating the populations and correlations of the two modes, we show that depending on the phase, two modes can be prepared into an entangled steady state with asymmetric and directional steering even if they possess completely symmetric decoherence properties. Meanwhile, entanglement and steering can be significantly enhanced due to constructive interference, and thus more robust to thermal noises. This provides an active method to manipulate the asymmetry of steering instead of adding asymmetric losses or noises on subsystems at the cost of reducing steerability. Moreover, we show that the interference effects can also enhance and control the correlations between other pair of modes in the loop with opposite phase dependent behavior, indicating monogamy constraints for distributing correlations among multipartite. The present model could be applied in cavity optomechanical systems or in antiferromagnets where all components can mutually interact.

quant-ph↗

Unconditional steady-state entanglement in macroscopic hybrid systems by coherent noise cancellation

The generation of entanglement between disparate physical objects is a key ingredient in the field of quantum technologies, since they can have different functionalities in a quantum network. Here we propose and analyze a generic approach to steady-state entanglement generation between two oscillators with different temperatures and decoherence properties coupled in cascade to a common unidirectional light field. The scheme is based on a combination of coherent noise cancellation and dynamical cooling techniques for two oscillators with effective masses of opposite signs, such as quasi-spin and motional degrees of freedom, respectively. The interference effect provided by the cascaded setup can be tuned to implement additional noise cancellation leading to improved entanglement even in the presence of a hot thermal environment. The unconditional entanglement generation is advantageous since it provides a ready-to-use quantum resource. Remarkably, by comparing to the conditional entanglement achievable in the dynamically stable regime, we find our unconditional scheme to deliver a virtually identical performance when operated optimally.

quant-ph↗