arXiv2021
Let $(g_n)_{n\geq 1}$ be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random elements with law $μ$ on the general linear group $\textrm{GL}(V)$, where $V=\mathbb R^d$. Consider the random walk $G_n : = g_n \ldots g_1$, $n \geq 1$, and the coefficients $\langle f, G_n v \rangle$, where $v \in V$ and $f \in V^*$. Under suitable moment assumptions on $μ$, we prove the strong and weak laws of large numbers and the central limit theorem for $\langle f, G_n v \rangle$, which improve the previous results established under the exponential moment condition on $μ$. We further demonstrate the Berry-Esseen bound, the Edgeworth expansion, the Cramér type moderate deviation expansion and the local limit theorem with moderate deviations for $\langle f, G_n v \rangle$ under the exponential moment condition. Under a subexponential moment condition on $μ$, we also show a Berry-Esseen type bound and the moderate deviation principle for $\langle f, G_n v \rangle$. Our approach is based on various versions of the Hölder regularity of the invariant measure of the Markov chain $G_n \!\cdot \! x = \mathbb R G_n v$ on the projective space of $V$ with the starting point $x = \mathbb R v$.