arXiv subjects

Róbert Izsák

Publications and source records attributed to Róbert Izsák.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Fault-tolerant quantum simulation of generalized Hubbard models

Quantum simulations of strongly interacting fermionic systems, such as those described by the Hubbard model, are promising candidates for useful early fault-tolerant quantum computing applications. This paper presents Tile Trotterization, a generalization of plaquette Trotterization (PLAQ), which uses a set of tiles to construct Trotter decompositions of arbitrary lattice Hubbard models. The Tile Trotterization scheme also enables the simulation of more complex models, including the extended Hubbard model. We improve previous Hubbard model commutator bounds, further provide tight commutator bounds for periodic extended Hubbard models, and demonstrate the use of tensor network methods for this task. We consider applications of Tile Trotterization to simulate hexagonal lattice Hubbard models and compare the resource requirements of Tile Trotterization for performing quantum phase estimation to a qubitization-based approach, demonstrating that Tile Trotterization scales more efficiently with system size. These advancements significantly broaden the potential applications of early fault-tolerant quantum computers to models of practical interest in materials research and organic chemistry.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2025

The Electronic Structure of the Hydrogen Molecule: A Tutorial Exercise in Classical and Quantum Computation

In this educational paper, we will discuss calculations on the hydrogen molecule both on classical and quantum computers. In the former case, we will discuss the calculation of molecular integrals that can then be used to calculate potential energy curves at the Hartree--Fock level and to correct them by obtaining the exact results for all states in the minimal basis. Some aspects of spin-symmetry will also be discussed. In the case of quantum computing, we will start out from the second-quantized Hamiltonian and qubit mappings. Using quantum phase estimation, we then provide the circuits for two different algorithms: Trotteization and qubitization. Finally, the significance of quantum error correction will be briefly discussed.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2025

Quantum Computation of Electronic Structure with Projector Augmented-Wave Method and Plane Wave Basis Set

Quantum simulation of materials is a promising application area of quantum computers. To practically realize this promise, we must reduce quantum resources while maintaining accuracy. In electronic structure calculations on classical computers, resource reduction has been achieved by using the projector augmented-wave method (PAW) and plane wave basis sets. However, the PAW method generalized for many-body states introduces non-orthogonality effects which impede its direct application to quantum computing. In this work, we develop a unitary variant of the PAW (UPAW) that preserves the orthogonality constraints. We provide a linear-combination-of-unitaries decomposition of the UPAW Hamiltonian to enable ground state estimation using qubitized quantum phase estimation. Additionally, we further improve algorithmic efficiency by extending classical down-sampling techniques into the quantum setting. We then estimate quantum resources for crystalline solids to estimate the energy within chemical accuracy with respect to the full basis set limit, and also consider a supercell approach which is more suitable for calculations of defect states. We provide the quantum resources for energy estimation of a nitrogen-vacancy defect centre in diamond which is a challenging system for classical algorithms and a quintessential problem in the studies of quantum point defects.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2025

Quantum Simulations of Chemistry in First Quantization with any Basis Set

Quantum computation of the energy of molecules and materials is one of the most promising applications of fault-tolerant quantum computers. Practical applications require development of quantum algorithms with reduced resource requirements. Previous work has mainly focused on quantum algorithms where the Hamiltonian is represented in second quantization with compact basis sets while existing methods in first quantization are limited to a grid-based basis. In this work, we present a new method to solve the generic ground-state chemistry problem in first quantization using any basis set. We achieve asymptotic speedup in Toffoli count for molecular orbitals, and orders of magnitude improvement using dual plane waves as compared to the second quantization counterparts. In some instances, our approach provides similar or even lower resources compared to previous first quantization plane wave algorithms that, unlike our approach, avoids the loading of the classical data. The developed methodology can be applied to variety of applications, where the matrix elements of a first quantized Hamiltonian lack simple circuit representation.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2023

Statistical phase estimation and error mitigation on a superconducting quantum processor

Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is a key quantum algorithm, which has been widely studied as a method to perform chemistry and solid-state calculations on future fault-tolerant quantum computers. Recently, several authors have proposed statistical alternatives to QPE that have benefits on early fault-tolerant devices, including shorter circuits and better suitability for error mitigation techniques. However, practical implementations of the algorithm on real quantum processors are lacking. In this paper we practically implement statistical phase estimation on Rigetti's superconducting processors. We specifically use the method of Lin and Tong [PRX Quantum 3, 010318 (2022)] using the improved Fourier approximation of Wan et al. [PRL 129, 030503 (2022)], and applying a variational compilation technique to reduce circuit depth. We then incorporate error mitigation strategies including zero-noise extrapolation and readout error mitigation with bit-flip averaging. We propose a simple method to estimate energies from the statistical phase estimation data, which is found to improve the accuracy in final energy estimates by one to two orders of magnitude with respect to prior theoretical bounds, reducing the cost to perform accurate phase estimation calculations. We apply these methods to chemistry problems for active spaces up to 4 electrons in 4 orbitals, including the application of a quantum embedding method, and use them to correctly estimate energies within chemical precision. Our work demonstrates that statistical phase estimation has a natural resilience to noise, particularly after mitigating coherent errors, and can achieve far higher accuracy than suggested by previous analysis, demonstrating its potential as a valuable quantum algorithm for early fault-tolerant devices.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2023

Measuring Electron Correlation. The Impact of Symmetry and Orbital Transformations

In this perspective, the various measures of electron correlation used in wavefunction theory, density functional theory and quantum information theory are briefly reviewed. We then focus on a more traditional metric based on dominant weights in the full configuration solution and discuss its behaviour with respect to the choice of the $N$-electron and the one-electron basis. The impact of symmetry is discussed and we emphasize that the distinction between determinants, configuration state functions and configurations as reference functions is useful because the latter incorporate spin-coupling into the reference and should thus reduce the complexity of the wavefunction expansion. The corresponding notions of single determinant, single spin-coupling and single configuration wavefunctions are discussed and the effect of orbital rotations on the multireference character is reviewed by analysing a simple model system. In molecular systems, the extent of correlation effects should be limited by finite system size and in most cases the appropriate choices of one-electron and $N$-electron bases should be able to incorporate these into a low-complexity reference function, often a single configurational one.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2023

A perspective on the current state-of-the-art of quantum computing for drug discovery applications

Computational chemistry is an essential tool in the pharmaceutical industry. Quantum computing is a fast evolving technology that promises to completely shift the computational capabilities in many areas of chemical research by bringing into reach currently impossible calculations. This perspective illustrates the near-future applicability of quantum computation to pharmaceutical problems. We briefly summarize and compare the scaling properties of state-of-the-art quantum algorithms, and provide novel estimates of the quantum computational cost of simulating progressively larger embedding regions of a pharmaceutically relevant covalent protein-drug complex involving the drug Ibrutinib. Carrying out these calculations requires an error-corrected quantum architecture, that we describe. Our estimates showcase that recent developments on quantum algorithms have dramatically reduced the quantum resources needed to run fully quantum calculations in active spaces of around 50 orbitals and electrons, from estimated over 1000 years using the Trotterisation approach to just a few days with sparse qubitisation, painting a picture of fast and exciting progress in this nascent field.

physics.chem-ph↗