The viscosity limit of fluid flows with growth/decay conditions at infinity
We prove that the Navier-Stokes equation is well-posed in function spaces on $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\ge 2$, that contain vector fields of order $O(|x|^κ)$ as $|x|\to\infty$ with $κ<1/2$. The corresponding solutions depend continuously on the viscosity parameter $ν\ge 0$ and converge to the solutions of the Euler equation as $ν\to 0+$. Our proof is based on the properties of the conjugated heat flow on weighted Sobolev spaces and on a new variant of the Lie-Trotter product formula for nonlinear semigroups.