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R. Monier

Publications and source records attributed to R. Monier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

A search for magnetic $\delta$ Scuti stars in Kepler hybrid candidates

Numerous candidate hybrid stars of type $\delta$ Scuti - $\gamma$ Doradus have been identified with the Kepler satellite. However, many of them lie outside the theoretically expected instability strip for hybrid pulsation, where $\delta$ Sct and $\gamma$ Dor pulsations can be simultaneously excited. We postulate that some of these pulsating stars may not be genuine hybrid pulsators but rather magnetic $\delta$ Sct stars, for which the rotational modulation from spots on the surface associated to the magnetic field produces frequencies in the same domain as $\gamma$ Dor pulsations. We search for the presence of a magnetic field in a small sample of selected hybrid $\delta$ Sct - $\gamma$ Dor stars using spectropolarimetry. At the time of observations, the only $\delta$ Sct star known to have a magnetic field was HD 188774 with a field strength of a few hundred Gauss. Our observations were thus tailored to detect fields of this typical strength. We find no magnetic field in the hybrid candidate stars we observed. However, two of the three other magnetic $\delta$ Sct stars discovered since these observations have much weaker fields than HD 188774, and are of dynamo origin rather than fossil fields. It is likely that our observations are not sensitive enough to detect such dynamo magnetic fields in the cooler stars of our sample if they are present. This work nevertheless provides reliable upper limits on possible fossil fields in the hotter stars, pointing towards typically weaker fields in $\delta$ Sct stars than in OBA stars in general.

astro-ph.SR

TESS Cycle 1 observations of roAp stars with 2-min cadence data

We present the results of a systematic search for new rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) stars using the 2-min cadence data collected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) during its Cycle 1 observations. We identify 12 new roAp stars. Amongst these stars we discover the roAp star with the longest pulsation period, another with the shortest rotation period, and six with multiperiodic variability. In addition to these new roAp stars, we present an analysis of 44 known roAp stars observed by TESS during Cycle 1, providing the first high-precision and homogeneous sample of a significant fraction of the known roAp stars. The TESS observations have shown that almost 60 per cent (33) of our sample of stars are multiperiodic, providing excellent cases to test models of roAp pulsations, and from which the most rewarding asteroseismic results can be gleaned. We report four cases of the occurrence of rotationally split frequency multiplets that imply different mode geometries for the same degree modes in the same star. This provides a conundrum in applying the oblique pulsator model to the roAp stars. Finally, we report the discovery of non-linear mode interactions in $\alpha$ Cir (TIC 402546736, HD 128898) around the harmonic of the principal mode -- this is only the second case of such a phenomenon.

astro-ph.SR

The chemical compositions of the 2 new HgMn stars HD 30085 and HD 30963. Comparison to $\chi$ Lupi A, $\nu$ Cap and HD 174567

We report on a detailed abundance study of the fairly bright slow rotators HD 30085 (A0 IV), HD 30963 (B9 III) and HD 174567 (A0 V), hitherto reported as normal stars and the sharp-lined chi Lupi A (B9 IV HgMn). In the spectra of HD 30085, HD 30963, the Hg II line at 3984 A line is conspicuous and numerous lines of silicon, manganese, chromium, titanium, iron, strontium, yttrium and zirconium appear to be strong absorbers. A comparison of the mean spectra of HD 30085 and HD 30963 with a grid of synthetic spectra for selected unblended lines having reliable updated atomic data reveals large overabundances of phosphorus, titanium, chromium, manganese, strontium, yttrium, and zirconium, barium, platinum and mercury and underabundances of helium, magnesium, scandium, nickel. The surface abundances of chi Lupi A have been rederived on the same effective temperature scale and using the same atomic data for consistency and comparison for HD 30085 and HD 30963. For HD 174567, milder deficiencies and excesses are found. The abundances of sodium, magnesium and calcium have been corrected for NLTE effects. The effective temperatures, surface gravities, low projected rotational velocities and the peculiar abundance patterns of HD 30085 and HD 30963 show that these stars are 2 new HgMn stars and should be reclassified as such. HD 174567 is most likely a new marginally Chemically Peculiar star. A list of the identifications of lines absorbing more than 2% in the spectrum of HD 30085 is also provided.

astro-ph.SR

HR 62: A New Evolved Chemically Peculiar Late-B Star?

The spectrum of the evolved B8 III giant HR 62 exhibits weak He-lines and strong Mn and P lines. HR 62 therefore resembles both a HgMn star (CP3) and a He-weak PGa star (CP4). This study is a companion project to a high resolution survey of slowly rotationg late-B type stars aiming at finding new chemically peculiar stars. We have analysed the spectra of HR 62 (B8 III) and the dwarf comparison star HR 677 (B8 V) to derive their chemical abundances. Both stars have similar effective temperatures (12500 K) and projected rotational velocities ($\sim$25 km s$^{-1}$). The medium resolution ($R$ $\sim$14000) spectra covering the wavelength range of 4380-7350 \AA{} of HR 62 and HR 677 have been obtained with the \'{e}chelle spectrograph attached to the 40 cm telescope in Ankara University Kreiken Observatory (AUKR), Turkey. We have used SYNSPEC49/SYNPLOT written by I. Hubeny and T. Lanz to compute grids of synthetic spectra and derive elemental abundances by modeling selected unblended lines. We find that HR 62 exhibits underabundance of Si and remarkable overabundance of P and Mn with respect to the Sun. In contrast, HR 677 does not have abundances departing by more than $\pm$ 0.25 dex from solar abundances. A mass of 5.4 $M_\odot$ and an age of 90 Myr have been estimated for HR 62. We discuss the origin of the chemical peculiarities of HR 62 and its status as a CP star. The effective temperature of the star (12500 K) agrees well with those of HgMn (CP3) stars. Furthermore, the main sequence end of its evolutionary track also intersects the domain of He-weak CP4 stars. Hence these first results suggest that HR 62 may be a transition object between the CP4 to CP3 subgroup. However, a more detailed analysis of higher resolution spectra at shorter wavelengths (< 4380 \AA{}) is necessary to clearly address the nature of this interesting object.

astro-ph.SR

Elemental Abundance Analysis of Single and Binary Late-B Stars Using Sub-meter Class Telescopes: HR 342, HR 769, HR 1284, and HR 8705

We test the capabilities of 0.4 m telescopes equipped with an \'{e}chelle spectrograph to derive fundamental parameters and elemental abundances of four late-B type stars: HR 342, HR 769, HR 1284, and HR 8705. The medium resolution (R~14000) spectra covering the wavelength range of 4380-7350 {\AA} of the four stars have been obtained using the 40-cm-telescope in Ankara University Kreiken Observatory (AUKR). Using spectrum synthesis, we were able to derive the abundances of eleven chemical elements. We find that these stars do not show remarkable departures from the solar abundances, except for HR 8705 and the primary component of HR 1284, which exhibit slight underabundances of a few elements, i.e., O, Mg, Al, Si, and Fe. We also find that HR 1284 is probably a new spectroscopic binary star. In order to model the spectrum of this object, one of us (TK) has developed a new graphic interface which allows us to synthesize the composite spectrum of binary stars.

astro-ph.SR

Line synthesis of several chemical elements from carbon to Bismuth in the spectrum of HD 72660

The high resolution and high $S/N$ HARPS and STIS spectra of the A0Vm star HD72660 have been synthesised using model atmospheres and the line synthesis code Synspec49 in order to derive the abundances of several key chemical elements. In particular we have derived abundances of elements which have their strongest lines in the UV like Ru, Yb, Au, Pb and Bi. We find overabundances of heavy elements in particular strong overabundances of Pt, Pb and Bi which are probably the signature of radiative diffusion in this star.

astro-ph.SR

Elemental abundances of HD 87240, member of the young open cluster NGC 3114

We have determined the abundances of several chemical elements in the atmosphere of HD 87240, a member of the young open cluster NGC 3114. We have used the code ATLAS9 to compute a model atmosphere for HD 87240 for the effective temperature and surface gravity derived from Stromgren's photometry A grid of synthetic spectra has been computed using SYNSPEC49 and adjusted to the UVES spectrum of HD 87240 to determine the abundances of several chemical elements using the latest critically evaluated atomic data from NIST. We find underabundances of light elements and large overabundances of heavy elements, in particular of the Rare Earths, platinum and mercury which suggest that this star is a Chemically Peculiar late B star of the SiPtHg type.

astro-ph.SR

Line identifications in the spectrum of $\chi$ Lupi A

We present new abundance determinations for the sharp-lined HgMn star \chi{} Lupi A from archival FEROS spectra. Selected unblended lines with accurate atomic data have been synthesized to derive new abundances for \chi{} Lupi A. These spectra show evidence of the presence of blue-shifted lines of the companion \chi{} Lupi B. The synthesis of the spectrum of \chi{} Lupi B confirms that this star is cooler, probably an early A star with normal abundances.

astro-ph.SR

HR 8844: a new transition object between the Am stars and the HgMn stars ?

While monitoring a sample of apparently slowly rotating superficially normal early A stars, we have discovered that HR 8844 (A0 V), is actually a new Chemically Peculiar star. We have first compared the high resolution spectrum of HR 8844 to that of four slow rotators near A0V ($\nu$ Cap, $\nu$ Cnc , Sirius A and HD 72660) to highlight similarities and differences. The lines of Ti II, Cr II, Sr II and Ba II are conspicuous features in the high resolution high signal-to-noise SOPHIE spectra of HR 8844 and much stronger than in the spectra of the normal star $\nu$ Cap. The Hg II line at 3983.93 \AA\ is also present in a 3.5 \% blend. Selected unblended lines of 31 chemical elements from He up to Hg have been synthesized using model atmospheres computed with ATLAS9 and the spectrum synthesis code SYNSPEC48 including hyperfine structure of various isotopes when relevant. These synthetic spectra have been adjusted to the mean SOPHIE spectrum of HR 8844, and high resolution spectra of the comparison stars. Chisquares were minimized in order to derive abundances or upper limits to the abundances of these elements for HR 8844 and the comparison stars. HR 8844 is found to have underabundances of He, C, O, Mg, Ca and Sc, mild enhancements of Ti, V, Cr, Mn and distinct enhancements of the heavy elements Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Pr, Sm, Eu and Hg, the overabundances increasing steadily with atomic number. This chemical pattern suggests that HR 8844 may actually be a new transition object between the coolest HgMn stars and the Am stars.

astro-ph.SR

Ionization ratios and elemental abundances in the atmosphere of 68 Tauri

We have derived the ionization ratios of twelve elements in the atmosphere of the star 68 Tauri (HD 27962) using an ATLAS9 model atmosphere with 72 layers computed for the effective temperature and surface gravity of the star. We then computed a grid of synthetic spectra generated by SYNSPEC49 based on an ATLAS9 model atmosphere in order to model one high resolution spectrum secured by one of us (RM) with the echelle spectrograph SOPHIE at Observatoire de Haute Provence. We could determine the abundances of several elements in their dominant ionization stage, including those defining the Am phenomenon. We thus provide new abundance determinations for 68 Tauri using updated accurate atomic data retrieved from the NIST database which extend previous abundance works.

astro-ph.SR

Hyperfine Structure and Abundances of Heavy Elements in 68 Tauri (HD 27962)

HD 27962, also known as 68 Tauri, is a Chemically Peculiar Am star member of the Hyades Open Cluster in the local arm of the Galaxy. We have modeled the high resolution SOPHIE (R=75000) spectrum of 68 Tauri using updated model atmosphere and spectrum synthesis to derive chemical abundances in its atmosphere. In particular, we have studied the effect of the inclusion of Hyperfine Structure of various Baryum isotopes on the determination of the Baryum abundance in 68 Tauri. We have also derived new abundances using updated accurate atomic parameters retrieved from the NIST database.

astro-ph.SR

The flat bottomed lines of Vega

Using one high dispersion high quality spectrum of Vega (HR7001, A0V) obtained with the echelle spectrograph SOPHIE at Observatoire de Haute Provence, we have measured the centroids of 149 flat-bottomed lines. The model atmosphere and spectrum synthesis modeling of the spectrum of Vega allows us to provide identifications for all these lines. Most of these lines are due to C I, O I, Mg I, Al I, Ca I, Sc II,Ti II, Cr I, Cr II, Mn I, Fe I, Fe II, Sr II, Ba II, the large majority being due to neutral species, in particular Fe I.

astro-ph.SR

HR 7098: A new cool HgMn star?

Using one archival high dispersion high quality spectrum of HR 7098 (A0V) obtained with the \'echelle spectrograph SOPHIE at Observatoire de Haute Provence, we show that this star is not a superficially normal A0V star as hitherto thought. The model atmosphere and spectrum synthesis modeling of the spectrum of HR 7098 reveals real departures of its abundances from the solar composition. We report here on our first determinations of the elemental abundances of 35 elements in the atmosphere of HR 7098. Helium and Carbon are underabundant whereas the very heavy elements are overabundant in HR 7098.

astro-ph.SR

HR8844: A new hot Am star ?

Using one archival high dispersion high quality spectrum of HR8844 (A0V) obtained with the echelle spectrograph SOPHIE at Observatoire de Haute Provence, we show that this star is not a superficially normal A0V star as hitherto thought. The model atmosphere and spectrum synthesis modeling of the spectrum of HR8844 reveals large departures of its abundances from the solar composition. We report here on our first determinations of the elemental abundances of 41 elements in the atmosphere of HR8844. Most of the light elements are underabundant whereas the very heavy elements are overabundant in HR8844.This interesting new chemically peculiar star could be a hybrid object between the HgMn stars and the Am stars.

astro-ph.SR

HD 30963: a new HgMn star

Using high dispersion high quality spectra of HD 30963 obtained with the echelle spectrograph SOPHIE at Observatoire de Haute Provence in November 2015, we show that this star, hitherto classified as a B9 III superficially normal star, is actually a new Chemically Peculiar star of the HgMn type. Spectrum synthesis reveals large overabundances of Mn, Sr, Y, Zr , Pt and Hg and pronounced underabundances of He and Ni which are characteristic of HgMn stars. We therefore propose that this interesting object be reclassified as a B9 HgMn star.

astro-ph.SR

A new method for the inversion of atmospheric parameters of A/Am stars

We present an automated procedure that derives simultaneously the effective temperature $T_{eff}$, the surface gravity logg, the metallicity [Fe/H], and the equatorial projected rotational velocity vsini for "normal" A and Am stars. The procedure is based on the principal component analysis inversion method of Paletou et al. (2015a). A sample of 322 high resolution spectra of F0-B9 stars, retrieved from the Polarbase, SOPHIE, and ELODIE databases, were used to test this technique with real data. We have selected the spectral region from 4400-5000\AA\ as it contains many metallic lines and the Balmer H$\beta$ line. Using 3 datasets at resolving powers of R=42000, 65000 and 76000, about 6.6x$10^6$ synthetic spectra were calculated to build a large learning database. The Online Power Iteration algorithm was applied to these learning datasets to estimate the principal components (PC). The projection of spectra onto the few PCs offered an efficient comparison metric in a low dimensional space. The spectra of the well known A0- and A1-type stars, Vega and Sirius A, were used as control spectra in the three databases. Spectra of other well known A-type stars were also employed in order to characterize the accuracy of the inversion technique. All observational spectra were inverted and atmospheric parameters derived. After removal of a few outliers, the PCA-inversion method appears to be very efficient in determining $T_{eff}$, [Fe/H], and vsini for A/Am stars. The derived parameters agree very well with previous determinations. Using a statistical approach, deviations of around 150 K, 0.35 dex, 0.15 dex, and 2 km/s were found for $T_{eff}$, logg, [Fe/H], and vsini with respect to literature values for A-type stars. The PCA-inversion proves to be a very fast, practical, and reliable tool for estimating stellar parameters of FGK and A stars, and deriving effective temperatures of M stars.

astro-ph.IM

The nature of the late B-type stars HD 67044 and HD 42035

While monitoring a sample of apparently slowly rotating superficially normal bright late B and early A stars in the northern hemisphere, we have discovered that HD 67044 and HD 42035, hitherto classified as normal late B-type stars, are actually respectively a new chemically peculiar star and a new spectroscopic binary containing a very slow rotator HD 42035 S with ultra-sharp lines (vsini = 3.7 km/s) and a fast rotator HD 42035 B with broad lines. The lines of Ti, Cr, Mn, Sr, Y, Zr and Ba are conspicuous features in the high resolution SOPHIE spectrum of HD 67044. The HgII line at 3983.93 A is also present as a weak feature. The composite spectrum of HD 42035 is characterised by very sharp lines formed in HD 42035 S superimposed onto the shallow and broad lines of HD 42035 B. These very sharp lines are mostly due to light elements from C to Ni, the only heavy species definitely present are Sr and Ba. Selected lines of 21 chemical elements from He up to Hg have been synthesized using model atmospheres computed with ATLAS9 and the spectrum synthesis code SYNSPEC48 including hyperfine structure of various isotopes when relevant. Abundances of these key elements have been derived HD 67044 and HD 42035 S. HD 67044 is found to have distinct enhancements of Ti, Cr, Mn, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba and Hg and underabundances in He, C, O, Ca and Sc which shows that this star is not a superficially normal late B-type star, but actually is a new CP star most likely of the HgMn type. HD 42035 S has provisional underabundances of the light elements from C to Ti and overabundances of heavier elements up to barium. More accurate fundamental parameters and abundances for HD 42035 S and HD 42035 B will be derived if we manage to disentangle their spectra. They will help clarify the status of the two components in this interesting new spectroscopic binary.

astro-ph.SR