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R. Palit

Publications and source records attributed to R. Palit.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Prompt-delayed $γ$-ray spectroscopy of neutron-rich $^{119,121}$In isotopes

The fusion and transfer induced fission reaction $^{9}$Be($^{238}$U,~f) with 6.2 MeV/u beam energy, using a unique setup consisting of AGATA, VAMOS++ and EXOGAM detectors, was used to populate through the fission process and study the neutron-rich $^{119,121}$In isotopes. This setup enabled the prompt-delayed $γ$-ray spectroscopy of isotopes in the time range of $100~\rm{ns} - 200~μ\rm{s}$. In the odd-$A$ $^{119,121}$In isotopes, indications of a short half-life $19/2^{-}$ isomeric state, in addition to the previously known $25/2^{+}$ isomeric state, were observed from the present data. Further, new prompt transitions above the $25/2^{+}$ isomer in $^{121}$In were identified along with reevaluation of its half-life. The experimental data were compared with the theoretical results obtained in the framework of large-scale shell-model calculations in a restricted model space. The $\langle πg_{9/2} νh_{11/2};I \arrowvert \hat{\mathcal{H}}\arrowvert πg_{9/2} νh_{11/2};I\rangle$ two-body matrix elements of residual interaction were modified to explain the excitation energies and the $B(E2)$ transition probabilities in the neutron-rich In isotopes. The (i) decreasing trend of $E(29/2^{+}) - E(25/2^{+})$ in odd-In (with dominant configuration $πg_{9/2}^{-1}νh_{11/2}^{-2}$ and maximum aligned spin of $29/2^{+}$) and (ii) increasing trend of $E(27/2^{+}) - E(23/2^{+})$ in odd-Sb (with dominant configuration $πg_{7/2}^{+1}νh_{11/2}^{-2}$ and maximum aligned spin of $27/2^{+}$) with increasing neutron number could be understood as a consequence of hole-hole and particle-hole interactions, respectively.

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Nuclear level density of $^{69}$Zn from gamma gated particle spectrum and its implication on $^{68}$Zn(n, $γ$)$^{69}$Zn capture cross-section

Evaporated $α$-spectra have been measured in coincidence with low energy discrete $γ$-rays from residual nucleus $^{68}$Zn populated in the reaction $^{64}$Ni($^9$Be,$α$n)$^{68}$Zn at $E(^9$Be) = 30 MeV producing $^{73}$Ge compound nucleus. Low energy $γ$-gated $α$-particle spectra, for the first time, have been used to extract the nuclear level density (NLD) for the intermediate $^{69}$Zn nucleus in the excitation energy range of E $\approx$ 5-20 MeV. The slope of NLD as a function of excitation energy for $^{69}$Zn matches nicely with the slope determined from RIPL estimates for NLD at low energies and the NLD from neutron resonance data. Extracted inverse NLD parameter (k = A/$\widetilde{a}$) has been used to determine the nuclear level density parameter value $a$ at neutron separation energy $S_n$ for $^{69}$Zn. Total cross-section of $^{68}$Zn(n,$γ$) capture reaction as a function of neutron energy is then estimated employing the derived $a(S_n)$ in the reaction code TALYS. It is found that the estimated neutron capture cross-section agrees well with the available experimental data without any normalization. The present result indicates that experimentally derived nuclear level density parameter can constrain the statistical model description of astrophysical capture cross-section and optimize the uncertainties associated with the astrophysical reaction rate

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Quasi-$γ$ band in $^{\text{114}}$Te

The low-lying non-yrast states in $^{114}$Te have been investigated using the Indian National Gamma Array through the fusion-evaporation reaction $^{112}$Sn($^{4}$He, 2n) at a beam energy of 37 MeV. Eight new $γ$-transitions have been placed in the level scheme to establish the quasi-$γ$ band in this nucleus. Spin and parity of several excited states have been assigned from the present spectroscopy measurements. The comparison of experimental results on the observed bands with the Interacting Boson Model (IBM) and Triaxial Projected Shell Model (TPSM) confirming the existence of the quasi-$γ$ band structure in the $^{114}$Te nucleus.

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Testing ab initio nuclear structure in neutron-rich nuclei: lifetime measurements of second 2+ states in 16C and 20O

To test the predictive power of ab initio nuclear structure theory, the lifetime of the second 2+ state in neutron-rich 20O, tau(2+_2 ) = 150(+80-30) fs, and an estimate for the lifetime of the second 2+ state in 16C have been obtained, for the first time. The results were achieved via a novel Monte Carlo technique that allowed us to measure nuclear state lifetimes in the tens-to-hundreds femtoseconds range, by analyzing the Doppler-shifted gamma-transition line shapes of products of low-energy transfer and deep-inelastic processes in the reaction 18O (7.0 MeV/u) + 181Ta. The requested sensitivity could only be reached owing to the excellent performances of the AGATA gamma-tracking array, coupled to the PARIS scintillator array and to the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer. The experimental lifetimes agree with predictions of ab initio calculations using two- and three-nucleon interactions, obtained with the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group for 20O, and with the no-core shell model for 16C. The present measurement shows the power of electromagnetic observables, determined with high-precision gamma spectroscopy, to assess the quality of first-principles nuclear structure calculations, complementing common benchmarks based on nuclear energies. The proposed experimental approach will be essential for short lifetimes measurements in unexplored regions of the nuclear chart, including r-process nuclei, when intense ISOL-type beams become available.

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Longitudinal Wobbling Motion in $^{187}$Au

The rare phenomenon of nuclear wobbling motion has been investigated for the nucleus $^{187}$Au. A longitudinal wobbling-bands pair has been identified and clearly distinguished from the associated signature-partner band on the basis of angular distribution measurements. Theoretical calculations in the framework of the Particle Rotor Model (PRM) are found to agree well with the experimental observations. This is the first experimental evidence for longitudinal wobbling bands where the expected signature partner band has also been identified, and establishes this exotic collective mode as a general phenomenon over the nuclear chart.

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Effects of one valence proton on seniority and angular momentum of neutrons in neutron-rich $^{122-131}$Sb$_{51}$ isotopes

The neutron-rich $^{122-131}$Sb isotopes were produced as fission fragments in the reaction $^{9}$Be($^{238}$U,~f) with 6.2 MeV/u beam energy. An unique setup, consisting of AGATA, VAMOS++ and EXOGAM detectors, was used which enabled the prompt-delayed gamma-ray ($γ$) spectroscopy of fission fragments in the time range of 100 ns - 200 $μ$s. New isomers, prompt and delayed transitions were established in the even-A $^{122-130}$Sb isotopes. In the odd-A $^{123-131}$Sb isotopes, new prompt and delayed $γ$-ray transitions were identified, in addition to the confirmation of the previously known isomers. The half-lives of the isomeric states and the $B(E2)$ transition probabilities of the observed transitions depopulating these isomers were extracted. The experimental data was compared with the theoretical results obtained in the framework of Large-Scale Shell-Model (LSSM) calculations in a restricted model space. Modifications of several components of the shell model interaction were introduced to obtain a consistent agreement with the excitation energies and the $B(E2)$ transition probabilities in neutron-rich Sn and Sb isotopes. The isomeric configurations in Sn and Sb were found to be relatively pure. Further, the calculations revealed that the presence of a single valence proton, mainly in the $g_{7/2}$ orbital in Sb isotopes, leads to significant mixing (due to the $νπ$ interaction) of: (i) the neutron seniorities ($\upsilon_ν$) and (ii) the neutron angular momentum ($I_ν$). The above features have a weak impact on the excitation energies, but have an important impact on the $B(E2)$ transition probabilities. In addition, a constancy of the relative excitation energies irrespective of neutron seniority and neutron number in Sn and Sb was observed.

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$ \boldsymbolγ $-vibration in $^{198}$Hg

Low lying states of $^{198}$Hg have been investigated via $^{197}$Au($^{7}$Li, $ α$2n$ γ$)$ ^{198} $Hg reaction at E$ _{\text{beam}} $ = 33 MeV and 38 MeV and the members of $ γ$-vibrational band have been identified. Results are compared with the systematic of this mass region and found in agreement. Observed band structures have been interpreted using the theoretical framework of microscopic triaxial projected shell model (TPSM) approach and it is shown that TPSM results are in fair agreement with the observed energies.

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Coupling between two extreme excitation mode in weakly deformed $^{142}$Eu nucleus

Two opposite parity dipole bandlike structures DB I and DB II of $^{142}$Eu are investigated by the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA), using the fusion evaporation reaction $^{31}$P + $^{116}$Cd @ 148 MeV. The decreasing trend as well as magnitude of the measured $B(M1)$ and $B(E2)$ transition rates of the band DB II has been reproduced well within the shears mechanism with the principal axis cranking model calculations. This calculation reflects the fact that the maximum contribution of the angular momentum of the states in DB II has been generated from the magnetic rotation (MR) phenomenon. The enhanced $B(E1)$ rates of the connecting $E1$ transitions from the states of DB II to DB I are demanding the octupole correlation due to the involvement of the octupole driving pair of orbitals $π{h_{11/2}}$ and $π{d_{5/2}}$ as evident from the quasiparticle alignment ($i_{x}$), the experimental routhians (e$^{'}$) and the calculated neutron and proton quasiparticle energies against the rotational frequency ($ω$).

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Investigation of complete and incomplete fusion in $^{7}$Li+$^{124}$Sn reaction around Coulomb barrier energies

The complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for $^{7}$Li+$^{124}$Sn reaction were measured using online and offline characteristic $γ$-ray detection techniques. The complete fusion (CF) cross sections at energies above the Coulomb barrier were found to be suppressed by $\sim$ 26 \% compared to the coupled channel calculations. This suppression observed in complete fusion cross sections is found to be commensurate with the measured total incomplete fusion (ICF) cross sections. There is a distinct feature observed in the ICF cross sections, i.e., $\textit{t}$-capture is found to be dominant than $α$-capture at all the measured energies. A simultaneous explanation of complete, incomplete and total fusion (TF) data was also obtained from the calculations based on Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel method with short range imaginary potentials. The cross section ratios of CF/TF and ICF/TF obtained from the data as well as the calculations showed the dominance of ICF at below barrier energies and CF at above barrier energies.

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Intrinsic properties of high-spin band structures in triaxial nuclei

The band structures of $^{68,70}$Ge, $^{128,130,132,134}$Ce and $^{132,134,136,138}$Nd are investigated using the triaxial projected shell model (TPSM) approach. These nuclei depict forking of the ground-state band into several s-bands and in some cases, both the lowest two observed s-bands depict neutron or proton character. It was discussed in our earlier work that this anamoluos behaviour can be explained by considering $γ$-bands based on two-quasiparticle configurations. As the parent band and the $γ$-band built on it have the same intrinsic structure, g-factors of the two bands are expected to be similar. In the present work, we have undertaken a detailed investigation of g-factors for the excited band structures of the studied nuclei and the available data for a few high-spin states are shown to be in fair agreement with the predicted values.

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Evidence of the Antimagnetic rotation in an odd-odd nucleus: The case of 142Eu

The present work reported a conclusive evidence for anti-magnetic rotational (AMR) band in an odd-odd nucleus 142Eu. Parity of the states of a quadrupole sequence in 142Eu was firmly identified from polarization measurements using the Indian National Gamma Array and lifetimes of some of the states in the same structure were measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The decreasing trends of the deduced quadrupole transition strength B(E2) with spin, along with increasing J(2) / B(E2) values conclusively established the origin of these states as arising from Antimagnetic rotation. The results were well reproduced by numerical calculations within the framework of a semi-classical geometric model.

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Longitudinal Wobbling in $^{133}$La

Excited states of $^{133}$La have been investigated to search for the wobbling excitation mode in the low-spin regime. Wobbling bands with $n_ω$ = 0 and 1 are identified along with the interconnecting $ΔI$ = 1, $E2$ transitions, which are regarded as one of the characteristic features of the wobbling motion. An increase in wobbling frequency with spin implies longitudinal wobbling for $^{133}$La, in contrast with the case of transverse wobbling observed in $^{135}$Pr. This is the first observation of a longitudinal wobbling band in nuclei. The experimental observations are accounted for by calculations using the quasiparticle-triaxial-rotor (QTR) model, which attribute the appearance of longitudinal wobbling to the early alignment of a $π=+$ proton pair.

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In-beam spectroscopy of medium- and high-spin states in $^{133}$Ce

Medium and high-spin states in $^{133}$Ce were investigated using the $^{116}$Cd($^{22}$Ne, $5n$) reaction and the Gammasphere array. The level scheme was extended up to an excitation energy of $\sim22.8$ MeV and spin 93/2 . Eleven bands of quadrupole transitions and two new dipole bands are identified. The connections to low-lying states of the previously known, high-spin triaxial bands were firmly established, thus fixing the excitation energy and, in many cases, the spin parity of the levels. Based on comparisons with cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations and tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory, it is shown that all observed bands are characterized by pronounced triaxiality. Competing multiquasiparticle configurations are found to contribute to a rich variety of collective phenomena in this nucleus.

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Unified description of rotational-, $γ$-, and quasiparticle-band structures in neutron-rich mass $\sim$ 110 region

Band structures of the neutron-rich Mo- and Ru-isotopes around A $\sim $ 110 are investigated using the triaxial projected shell model (TPSM) approach employing multi-quasiparticle configuration space. The mass region under investigation depicts a rich variety of band structures with well developed $γ$- and $γγ$-bands, and quasiparticle excitations based on them. It is demonstrated that TPSM provides a reasonable description of most of the observed properties, in particular, detailed structure variations observed in Mo-isotopes are well reproduced in the present work.

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Antimagnetic rotation and sudden change of electric quadrupole transition strength in 143Eu

Lifetimes of the states in the quadrupole structure in 143Eu have been measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method as well as parity of the states in the sequence has been firmly identified from polarization measurement using the Indian National Gamma Array. The decreasing trends of the deduced quadrupole transition strength B(E2) with spin, along with increasing J (2) /B(E2) values before band crossing, conclusively establish the origin of these states as arising out of antimagnetic rotation. The abrupt increase in the B(E2) values after the band crossing in the quadrupole band, a novel feature observed in the present experiment, may indicates the crossing of different shears configurations resulting in re-opening of shears structure. The results are well reproduced by numerical calculation within the framework of semi-classical geometric model.

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High Spin Spectroscopy and Shape Evolution in 105Cd

High spin states in 105Cd were studied using 16O beam on 92Mo reaction at an incident beam energy of 75 MeV. The level scheme of 105Cd has been observed up to an excitation energy of 10.8 MeV with the addition of 30 new gamma transitions to the previous work. Spin and parity for most of the reported levels are assigned from the DCO ratios and linear polarization measurements. The microscopic origin of the investigated band structures is discussed in the context of triaxial projected shell model. The energies of observed positive and negative parity bands agree with the predictions of the TPSM by considering triaxial deformation for the observed excited band structures. The shape evolution with increasing angular momentum is explained in the framework of Cranked Shell Model and the Total Routhian Surface calculations.

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Transverse Wobbling in $^{135}$Pr

A pair of transverse wobbling bands has been observed in the nucleus $^{135}$Pr. The wobbling is characterized by $ΔI$ =1, E2 transitions between the bands, and a decrease in the wobbling energy confirms its transverse nature. Additionally, a transition from transverse wobbling to a three-quasiparticle band comprised of strong magnetic dipole transitions is observed. These observations conform well to results from calculations with the Tilted Axis Cranking (TAC) model and the Quasiparticle Triaxial Rotor (QTR) Model.

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Observation of anti-magnetic rotations in 104Pd

The electric quadrupole transition rates for the high spin yrast states of 104 Pd have been measured by using the DSAM technique. These values decrease with the increase of angular momentum which is a signature of anti-magnetic rotation. A numerical calcula- tion based on semi-classical particle plus rotor model for anti-magnetic rotation gives a good description of the experimental routhian and the transition rates. This is the first observation of AMR in a nucleus other than Cadmium.

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