arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R. Peschanski.
The QCD dipole picture of BFKL dynamics provides an attractive theoretical approach to the study of the QCD (resummed) perturbative expansion of small-x physics and more generally to hard high-energy processes. We discuss applications to the phenomenology of proton structure functions in the HERA range and to the longstanding problem of unitarity corrections, and outline some specific predictions of the dipole picture.
We re-analyze the conditions for the phenomenon of intermittency (self-similar fluctuations) to occur in models of multifragmentation. Analyzing two different mechanisms, the bond-percolation and the ERW (Elattari, Richert and Wagner) statistical fragmentation models, we point out a common quasi-gaussian shape of the total multiplicity distribution in the critical range. The fixed-point property is also observed for the multiplicity of the second bin. Fluctuations are studied using scaled factorial cumulants instead of scaled factorial moments. The second-order cumulant displays the intermittency signal while higher order cumulants are equal to zero, revealing a large information redundancy in scaled factorial moments. A practical criterion is proposed to identify the gaussian feature of light-fragment production, distinguishing between a self-similarity mechanism (ERW) and the superposition of independent sources (percolation).
The $F_2$, $F_G$, $R = F_L/F_T$ proton structure functions are derived in the QCD dipole picture. Assuming $k_T$ and renormalization-group factorization, we relate deep-inelastic proton scattering to deep-inelastic onium scattering. We get a three-parameter fit of the 1994 H1 data in the low-$x,$ moderate $Q^2$ range. The ratios $F_G/F_2$ and $R$ are predicted without further adjustment. The dipole picture of BFKL dynamics is shown to provide a relevant model for quantitatively describing the proton structure functions at HERA. The predictions for $F_2$ and $F_G$ are compatible with the next-to-leading order DGLAP analysis, while $R$ is expected to be significantly lower at very small $x$.
Models of intermittent behaviour are usually formulated using a set of multiplicative random weights on a Cayley tree. However, intermittency in particle multiproduction from QCD jets is related to fragmentation of an additive quantum number, e.g. energy-momentum. We exhibit the non-trivial stochastic mapping between these {\it additive} and {\it multiplicative} cascading processes.
The contribution to diffraction dissociation of virtual photons due to quasi-elastic scattering of the $q$-$\bar q$ component is calculated in the framework of the QCD dipole picture. Both longitudinal and transverse components of the cross-section are given. It is shown that, at fixed mass of the diffractively produced system, quantum mechanical interference plays an important r\^ ole. Phenomenological consequences are discussed.
We compute analytically the effects of energy conservation on the self-similar structure of parton correlations in QCD jets. The calculations are performed both in the constant and running coupling cases. It is shown that the corrections are phenomenologically sizeable. On a theoretical ground, energy conservation constraints preserve the scaling properties of correlations in QCD jets beyond the leading log approximation.
Using the QCD dipole picture of the BFKL pomeron, the gluon contribution to the cross-section for single diffractive dissociation in deep-inelastic high-energy scattering is calculated. The resulting contribution to the proton diffractive structure function integrated over $t$ is given in terms of relevant variables, $x_{\cal P}, Q^2, $ and $β= x_{Bj}/x_{\cal P}.$ It factorizes into an explicit $x_{\cal P}-$dependent Hard Pomeron flux factor and structure function. The flux factor is found to have substantial logarithmic corrections which may account for the recent measurements of the Pomeron intercept in this process. The triple Pomeron coupling is shown to be strongly enhanced by the resummation of leading logs. The obtained pattern of scaling violation at small $β$ is similar to that for $F_2$ at small $x_{Bj}.$
Using the colour dipole approach of the QCD perturbative (BFKL) Pomeron exchange in onium-onium scattering, we compute the cross section for small but hierarchically different onium sizes. A specific term dependent on the size-ratio is generated. In deep inelastic onium scattering it appears as a scaling violation contribution to the quark structure function near the BFKL singularity. We find that the extension of the formalism for deep inelastic onium scattering to the proton structure function provides a remarkably good 3-parameter fit to HERA data at small x with a simple physical interpretation in terms of the dipole formulation.
We start from the two existing QCD evolution equations for structure functions, the BFKL and DGLAP equations, and discuss the theoretical hints for a unifying picture of the evolution in $x$ and $Q^2.$ The main difficulty is due to the property of angular ordering of the gluon radiation driving the evolution and the cancellation of the related collinear singularities. At the leading $\log\ 1/x$ and leading $\log \ Q^2$ accuracy, we find a unified set of equations satisfying the constraints.
The initial-state radiation of soft colour dipoles produced in the central region of onium-onium scattering via single QCD Pomeron exchange (BFKL) is calculated in the framework of Mueller's dipole approach. The resulting dipole production has a two-component structure. One is constant with energy while the other grows and possesses a power-law tail at appreciably large transverse distances from the collision axis. It may be related to the growth of the gluon distribution at small Bjorken-$x.$
The initial-state radiation of soft colour dipoles produced together with a single QCD Pomeron exchange (BFKL) in onium-onium scattering is calculated in the framework of Mueller's approach. The resulting dipole production grows with increasing energy and reveals an unexpected feature of a power-law tail at appreciably large transverse distances from the collision axis, this phenomenon being related to the scale-invariant structure of dipole-dipole correlations.
Gaugino condensation in the hidden sector of supergravity models is described within a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type of approach by minimization of a one-loop scalar potential. The essential ingredients of the mechanism are auxiliary superfields whose v.e.v. generate gaugino condensation and supersymmetry breaking, introduced through Lagrange multipliers. For phenomenologically acceptable values of the gauge couplings, gaugino condensation is disfavoured in this approach. For completeness, it is shown that supersymmetry breaking would occur for a stronger coupling, but at a scale inconsistent with the expectations.
Linear rate equations are used to describe the cascading decay of an initial heavy cluster into fragments. This representation is based upon a triangular matrix of transition rates. We expand the state vector of mass multiplicities, which describes the process, into the biorthonormal basis of eigenmodes provided by the triangular matrix. When the transition rates have a scaling property in terms of mass ratios at binary fragmentation vertices, we obtain solvable models with explicit mathematical properties for the eigenmodes. A suitable continuous limit provides an interpolation between the solvable models. It gives a general relationship between the decay products and the elementary transition rates.
We consider a system of evolution equations for quark and gluon structure functions satisfying the leading-logarithmic behaviour due to both QCD collinear $ \left(LLQ^2 \right) $ and infrared $ (LL1/x) $ singularities. We show that these equations leave undetermined an arbitrary regular function of $j$ in the Mellin-transformed weights. We consider the constraints resulting from energy-momentum conservation and from the decoupling of quark loops in the leading $ j $-plane singularity. These constraints can be fulfilled without influencing the leading-log terms. As a particular consequence of the second constraint, the location of the leading singularity is determined in terms of the $ (LL1/x) $ and $ \left(LLQ^2 \right) $ kernels. It leads to a value significantly lower than the $ LL1/x $ evaluation, while remaining at $j > 1,$ and compatible with the behaviour of structure functions observed at HERA.
Linear rate equations are used to describe the cascading decay of an initial heavy cluster into fragments. We consider moments of arbitrary orders of the mass multiplicity spectrum and derive scaling properties pertaining to their time evolution. We suggest that the mass weighted multiplicity is a suitable observable for the discovery of scaling. Numerical tests validate such properties, even for moderate values of the initial mass (nuclei, percolation clusters, jets of particles etc.). Finite size effects can be simply parametrized.
It is pointed out that accurate measurements of short-range two-particle correlations in like-charge $ Kπ$ and in $ π^ 0π^ 0$ channels should be very helpful in determining the origin of the \lq\lq intermittency\rq\rq\ phenomenon observed recently for the like-charge pion pairs.
We discuss the phenomenological extraction of the leading $ j$-plane singularity from singlet structure functions $ F_s $ measured at small $ x. $ Using a saddle-point method we show that $ {\rm d ln} F_s /{\rm d ln}{1 \over x} $ is a suitable observable for this purpose in the region $x \le 10^{-2}.$ As an application, we confront and distinguish in a model-independent way structure function parametrizations coming from two different QCD evolution equations, namely the Lipatov (or BFKL) equation and the Gribov-Lipatov -Altarelli-Parisi (or GLAP) equation. Recent results at HERA are discussed in this framework.
This contribution contains a summary of the Krakow meeting on Soft Physics and Fluctuations. It emphasizes both the experimental and the theoretical investigations on correlations/fluctuations and intermittency in multi-particle processes and discusses of the present status of this concept. A clarification of the main open questions in this field of research is now within reach, thanks to the studies presented at the meeting. Summary Talk of the Krakow Workshop on Multiparticle Physics, May, 4-7, 1993. E-mail contact: pesch@amoco.saclay.cea.fr