Entangling two qudits of arbitrary dimension through light-atomic Faraday interaction
The paper investigates entangling operations acting on two qudits of arbitrary dimension, with one encoded in the states of a spatially multimode optical field, the other in those of atomic collective spin coherence, both carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). We demonstrate the generation of a wide range of entangling operations within a protocol consisting of two Faraday interactions and a rotation of atomic and light quadratures between them. All generated gates can be represented as rational powers of the d-dimensional gate $SWAP^{\alpha}_d$. The probabilities of two-qudit transformations are calculated for various dimensions of the logical space and for different entangling powers of the logical gates.
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