arXiv subjects

Raed M. Shubair

Publications and source records attributed to Raed M. Shubair.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Improving SINR Performance Deploying IRS in 6G Wireless Networks

Interactive reflecting surfaces (IRSs) are a remarkable technology that will be integrated into 6G wireless networks to enhance the electromagnetic propagation environment in a programmable or adaptable way in order to improve communication between both transmission and reception devices. The work intends to broaden coverage by including IRS into micro radio transmission. As a consequence, the study evaluated and contrasted the performance of regular miniature cellular connection with IRS-enhanced miniature cellular connection in the 6G radio context in respect to signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR).

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arXiv2023

Downlink Received Power Performance Analysis of IRS for 6G Networks

The Internet of Things (IoT) is going to be a few of the most influential and critical role spectators in the post-5G and 6G wireless networking paradigm because IoT is being deployed in a variety of applications and services such as smart towns, smart homes, savvy environment monitoring, smart medical care, smart factories, savvy agri-business, and so on, with the goal of enabling intelligent coordination and efficiency improvement. An intelligent reflective surface (IRS) is a notable invention that will be included into 6G wireless systems to optimize the electromagnetic propagation atmosphere in a configurable or adjustable manner in order to increase communication between the transmitting and receiving devices. The study aims to increase IoT service coverage by employing IRS in micro wireless transmission. As a result, in terms of receiving power, the research investigated and compared the effectiveness of traditional small cellular connectivity with IRS-enhanced small cellular transmission in the 6G wireless IoT environment. According to the findings, deploying IRS greatly improves coverage for IoT-related services.

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arXiv2023

Capacity Maximization of the 6G Networks Deploying IRS

The objective of the work is to improve the capacity of the micro cell, i.e., enabling the micro cell base station of a two-tier network to serve an increased number of devices. Therefore, the work deployed an IRS in a micro cell and achieved significant improvements in the performance with a reduced transmit power of the micro base station.

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arXiv2023

Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces Positioning in 6G Networks

The work analyzed the positioning of IRS over the coverage region of micro cell to derive optimal placement location to support cell-edge Internet of Things (IoT) devices with a favorable signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR). Moreover, the work derived that the implementation of IRS significantly enhances energy efficiency notably reducing the transmit power of the micro cell base station.

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arXiv2022

SINR Coverage Enhancement of 6G UAV-Assisted Networks Deploying IRS

The objective of the work is to enhance the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) coverage probability in UAV-assisted 6G wireless networks. Therefore, the work analyzed and compared the coverage probability of conventional and IRS-assisted UAV communications models. The research obtained that the employment of IRS in UAV-assisted wireless networks enhances the SINR coverage probability significantly. Moreover, the installment of IRS in UAV networks reduces the energy consumption of the network.

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arXiv2022

Analysis of IRS-Assisted NOMA for 6G Wireless Communications

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme enables serving users with the same resource block i.e. frequency or time by multiplexing the signal of the users. Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) or reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) is a potential approach for increasing transmission efficiency by modifying signal propagation by tweaking typically passive reflective components. IRS reconfigures the wireless network in this manner to improve system performance. The research considered an IRS-assisted downlink NOMA system. This work modified the reference model by adopting an IRS-specific frequency-distance-dependent path loss model for IRS-NOMA downlink received power and signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) measurement instead of a typical or conventional distance-dependant path loss model. The incorporation of an IRS-specific path loss model provides a more convenient and better measurement compared to the conventional path loss model. Furthermore, this work figures out an improvement scope in the reference model.

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arXiv2022

Maximization of User Association Deploying IRS in 6G Networks

Prospective mobile networks will be heterogeneous multi-tier networks, with different classes of base stations (BS) installed dependent on user demand. Multi-tier networks enable operators to enhance system capacity and coverage through flexible implementations. Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) or reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) is a novel and disruptive technology that comprises a vast number of cost-efficient passive components, each of which can intelligently reflect the incident wave or signal with a reconfigurable phase shift. The objective of this work is to maximize the probability of user association for millimeter-wave (mmWave) carriers in a two-tier 6G network consisting of micro and macro cell tiers. Therefore, the work analyzed and compared the probability of user association for conventional and IRS-assisted micro base stations. The research derived that, the deployment of IRS in a micro cell significantly enhances or maximizes the probability of user association of the entire coverage region including the cell edge. Moreover, the deployment of IRS reduces the transmit power consumption of the micro base station which assures a notable energy efficiency.

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arXiv2022

Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces for the Enhancement of 6G Internet of Things

With the advancement of sensing technologies over the years, it has become critical to ensure the seamless connectivity of the Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets. With the advancement of communication technology, cellular networks are increasingly being utilized to link IoT systems. An IRS is a rectangular metasurface made up of a vast number of reflecting components that has recently gained research attention due to its ability to significantly improve the energy and spectral efficiencies of communication networks by modifying wireless transmission environments.

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arXiv2022

IRS for Multi-Access Edge Computing in 6G Networks

Computation offloading in multi-access edge computing (MEC) is an effective paradigm for enabling resource-intensive smart applications. However, when the wireless channel utilized for offloading computing activities is hostile, the proper advantages of MEC may not be completely realized. Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a new technology that has recently attracted significant interest can optimize the wireless transmission environment in a programmable way and improving the connectivity between user equipment (UE) and base station (BS). In this paper, the performance of MEC architecture is analyzed considering both IRS-assisted and without IRS communication scenarios in the context of the urban micro cellular scenarios. The research obtained that the deployment of IRS can reduce the spectrum and energy consumption significantly.

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arXiv2022

The Deployment of IRS in UAV-Empowered 6G Networks

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) with the ability to reconfigure inherent electromagnetic reflection and absorption characteristics in real-time provide unparalleled prospects to improve wireless connectivity in adverse circumstances. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-assisted wireless networks are evolved as a reliable solution to combat non-line of sight (NLoS) scenarios. Thereby, the IRS-empowered UAV-assisted cellular networks will be a significant role-player to improve the coverage and user experiences. The paper aimed to minimize the path loss and maximize the achievable data rate in IRS-UAV-assisted networks. In this context, the work analyzed path loss and achievable rate utilizing millimeter wave (mmWave) carrier considering the conventional UAV model and IRS-empowered UAV communication model. The research obtained that the IRSempowered UAV communications model can significantly minimize path loss and maximize the achievable data rate compared to the conventional UAV-assisted model.

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arXiv2022

Temporal Averaging LSTM-based Channel Estimation Scheme for IEEE 802.11p Standard

In vehicular communications, reliable channel estimation is critical for the system performance due to the doubly-dispersive nature of vehicular channels. IEEE 802.11p standard allocates insufficient pilots for accurate channel tracking. Consequently, conventional IEEE 802.11p estimators suffer from a considerable performance degradation, especially in high mobility scenarios. Recently, deep learning (DL) techniques have been employed for IEEE 802.11p channel estimation. Nevertheless, these methods suffer either from performance degradation in very high mobility scenarios or from large computational complexity. In this paper, these limitations are solved using a long short term memory (LSTM)-based estimation. The proposed estimator employs an LSTM unit to estimate the channel, followed by temporal averaging (TA) processing as a noise alleviation technique. Moreover, the noise mitigation ratio is determined analytically, thus validating the TA processing ability in improving the overall performance. Simulation results reveal the performance superiority of the proposed schemes compared to recently proposed DL-based estimators, while recording a significant reduction in the computational complexity.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2022

CNN aided Weighted Interpolation for Channel Estimation in Vehicular Communications

IEEE 802.11p standard defines wireless technology protocols that enable vehicular transportation and manage traffic efficiency. A major challenge in the development of this technology is ensuring communication reliability in highly dynamic vehicular environments, where the wireless communication channels are doubly selective, thus making channel estimation and tracking a relevant problem to investigate. In this paper, a novel deep learning (DL)-based weighted interpolation estimator is proposed to accurately estimate vehicular channels especially in high mobility scenarios. The proposed estimator is based on modifying the pilot allocation of the IEEE 802.11p standard so that more transmission data rates are achieved. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate that the developed estimator significantly outperforms the recently proposed DL-based frame-by-frame estimators in different vehicular scenarios, while substantially reducing the overall computational complexity.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2021

Indoor Localization Under Limited Measurements: A Cross-Environment Joint Semi-Supervised and Transfer Learning Approach

The development of highly accurate deep learning methods for indoor localization is often hindered by the unavailability of sufficient data measurements in the desired environment to perform model training. To overcome the challenge of collecting costly measurements, this paper proposes a cross-environment approach that compensates for insufficient labelled measurements via a joint semi-supervised and transfer learning technique to transfer, in an appropriate manner, the model obtained from a rich-data environment to the desired environment for which data is limited. This is achieved via a sequence of operations that exploit the similarity across environments to enhance unlabelled data model training of the desired environment. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed cross-environment approach outperforms the conventional method, convolutional neural network (CNN), with a significant increase in localization accuracy, up to 43%. Moreover, with only 40% data measurements, the proposed cross-environment approach compensates for data inadequacy and replicates the localization accuracy of the conventional method, CNN, which uses 75% data measurements.

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arXiv2020

Modeling of Vertical Dipole Above Lossy Dielectric Half-Space: Characteristic Mode Theory

This work introduces a theoretical extension of the characteristic mode formulation for analysing the vertical electric dipole lying above a lossy dielectric half-space. As the conventional characteristic formulation fails to maintain the orthogonality of the characteristic field modes over the infinite sphere, an alternate modal formulation is proposed here to maintain the orthogonality for both the current and field modes. The modal results are found to match closely with its method of moment counterparts. Later, the modes of an isolated dipole with no ground plane have been used to predict the role of the lossy ground plane through a theory of the linear combination of the eigenvectors. The proposed formulations have been studied with different heights from the ground plane and are compared with the direct modal solutions to validate its accuracy. It helps to provide a thorough understanding of how the isolated modes interact among each other to constitute the perturbed modes in the presence of the lossy half-space. It can find application to include the lossy earth effect in the study of the lightning fields and the path loss modelling of the antennas over the lossy ground.

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arXiv2020

Ultra-Wideband Antenna with MIMO Diversity for 5G Wireless Communication

An eight element, compact Ultra Wideband-Multiple Input Multiple Output (UWB-MIMO) antenna capable of providing high data rates for future Fifth Generation (5G) terminal equipments along with the provision of necessary bandwidth for Third Generation (3G) and Fourth Generation (4G) communications that accomplishes band rejection from 4.85 to 6.35 GHz by deploying a Inductor Capacitor (LC) stub on the ground plane is presented. The incorporated stub also provides flexibility to reject any selected band as well as bandwidth control. The orthogonal placement of the printed monopoles permits polarization diversity and provides high isolation. In the proposed eight element UWB-MIMO/diversity antenna, monopole pair 3-4 are 180o mirrored transform of monopole pair 1-2 which lie on the opposite corners of a planar 50 x 50 mm2 substrate. Four additional monopoles are then placed perpendicularly to the same board leading to a total size of 50 x 50 x 25 mm3 only. The simulated results are validated by comparing the measurements of a fabricated prototype. It was concluded that the design meets the target specifications over the entire bandwidth of 2 to 12 GHz with a reflection coefficient better than -10 dB (except the rejected band), isolation more than 17 dB, low envelope correlation, low gain variation, stable radiation pattern, and strong rejection of the signals in the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) band. Overall, compact and reduced complexity of the proposed eight element architecture, strengthens its practical viability for the diversity applications in future 5G terminal equipments amongst other MIMO antennas designs present in the literature.

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arXiv2020

Enabling Technologies For 6g Future Wireless Communications: Opportunities And Challenges

5G wireless communications technology is being launched, with many smart applications being integrated. However, 5G specifications merge the requirements of new emerging technologies forcefully. These include data rate, capacity, latency, reliability, resources sharing, and energy/bit. To meet these challenging demands, research is focusing on 6G wireless communications enabling different technologies and emerging new applications. In this report, the latest research work on 6G technologies and applications is summarized, and the associated research challenges are discussed.

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arXiv2019

Compact Design of Dual-Band Circular Polarized Microstrip Antenna with Single Feed

A novel and compact dual band dual sense circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna with single coaxial feed has been reported in the present work. The key idea of generating dual band circular polarisation (CP) is the integration of a square patch with corner truncation and a smaller concentric circular patch with double slits. The first resonance is provided by the larger patch whose corner truncation generates two orthogonal modes. The inner patch controls the higher-order resonance with the CP contributed by two narrow slits. The higher order resonating frequency can be monitored by controlling the dimensions of the circle and the slits. The antenna provides the CP in two orthogonal planes with two different sense of polarisation. The lower order CP is of left-handed orientation, whereas the higher order shows right-handed polarization. The cross-polarization level is also found to be very low.

physics.app-ph↗

arXiv2019

Near-Field Radiation Exposure Control in Slot-Loaded Microstrip Antenna: A Characteristic Mode Approach

Microstip antenna topology is commonly loaded with a narrow slot to manipulate the resonance frequency or impedance bandwidth. However, the tuning of the resonance frequency or impedance bandwidth results in the variation of the current and field distributions. In this regard, this work adopts the concept of characteristic modes to gain an initial understanding of the perturbation mechanism of the rectangular patch when loaded with a slot. The performance of microstrip antennas with finite ground plane is then studied using full-wave simulation. It has been found that the distribution of the induced current density is highly dependent on the orientation of the slot The incorporation of a narrow slot suppresses the nearby orthogonal eigen mode and, as a consequence, the radiation behavior is affected. Specifically, in the presence of biological tissues in the near-field region, both antenna input impedance properties and the realized gain are dependent on the slot orientation. Different examples are included for understanding the impact of slot loading on the energy absorption by biological tissues, by calculating the the specific absorption rate (SAR). The proposed analysis facilitates the design of miniaturized antenna geometries for biomedical applications via systematic loading of narrow slots.

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