arXiv subjects

Remigiusz Augusiak

Publications and source records attributed to Remigiusz Augusiak.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

arXiv2011

On structural physical approximations and entanglement breaking maps

Very recently a conjecture saying that the so-called structural physical approximations (SPAa) to optimal positive maps (optimal entanglement witnesses) give entanglement breaking (EB) maps (separable states) has been posed [J. K. Korbicz {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 78}, 062105 (2008)]. The main purpose of this contribution is to explore this subject. First, we extend the set of entanglement witnesses (EWs) supporting the conjecture. Then, we ask if SPAs constructed from other than the depolarizing channel maps also lead to EB maps and show that in general this is not the case. On the other hand, we prove an interesting fact that for any positive map $Λ$ there exists an EB channel $Φ$ such that the SPA of $Λ$ constructed with the aid of $Φ$ is again an EB channel. Finally, we ask similar questions in the case of continuous variable systems. We provide a simple way of construction of SPA and prove that in the case of the transposition map it gives EB channel.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2011

A note on the optimality of decomposable entanglement witnesses and completely entangled subspaces

Entanglement witnesses (EWs) constitute one of the most important entanglement detectors in quantum systems. Nevertheless, their complete characterization, in particular with respect to the notion of optimality, is still missing, even in the decomposable case. Here we show that for any qubit-qunit decomposable EW (DEW) W the three statements are equivalent: (i) the set of product vectors obeying \bra{e,f}W\ket{e,f}=0 spans the corresponding Hilbert space, (ii) W is optimal, (iii) W=Q^Γ with Q denoting a positive operator supported on a completely entangled subspace (CES) and Γstanding for the partial transposition. While, implications $(i)\Rightarrow(ii)$ and $(ii)\Rightarrow(iii)$ are known, here we prove that (iii) implies (i). This is a consequence of a more general fact saying that product vectors orthogonal to any CES in C^{2}\otimes C^{n} span after partial conjugation the whole space. On the other hand, already in the case of C^{3}\otimes C^{3} Hilbert space, there exist DEWs for which (iii) does not imply (i). Consequently, either (i) does not imply (ii), or (ii) does not imply (iii), and the above transparent characterization obeyed by qubit-qunit DEWs, does not hold in general.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2011

Perfect Quantum Privacy Implies Nonlocality

Private states are those quantum states from which a perfectly secure cryptographic key can be extracted. They represent the basic unit of quantum privacy. In this work we show that all states belonging to this class violate a Bell inequality. This result establishes a connection between perfect privacy and nonlocality in the quantum domain.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2009

Towards measurable bounds on entanglement measures

While the experimental detection of entanglement provides already quite a difficult task, experimental quantification of entanglement is even more challenging, and has not yet been studied thoroughly. In this paper we discuss several issues concerning bounds on concurrence measurable collectively on copies of a given quantum state. Firstly, we concentrate on the recent bound on concurrence by Mintert--Buchleitner [F. Mintert and A. Buchleitner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 140505 (2007)]. Relating it to the reduction criterion for separability we provide yet another proof of the bound and point out some possibilities following from the proof which could lead to improvement of the bound. Then, relating concurrence to the generalized robustness of entanglement, we provide a method allowing for construction of lower bounds on concurrence from any positive map (not only the reduction one). All these quantities can be measured as mean values of some two--copy observables. In this sense the method generalizes the Mintert--Buchleitner bound and recovers it when the reduction map is used. As a particular case we investigate the bound obtained from the transposition map. Interestingly, comparison with MB bound performed on the class of 4\otimes 4 rotationally invariant states shows that the new bound is positive in regions in which the MB bound gives zero. Finally, we provide measurable upper bounds on the whole class of concurrences.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2009

Searching for extremal PPT entangled states

We study extremality in various sets of states that have positive partial transposes. One of the tools we use for this purpose is the recently formulated criterion allowing to judge if a given state is extremal in the set of PPT states. First we investigate qubit--ququart states and show that the only candidates for extremal PPT entangled states (PPTES) have ranks of the state and its partial transposition (5,5) or (5,6) (equivalently (6,5)). Then, examples of extremal states of (5,5) type and the so--called edge states of type (5,6) are provided. We also make an attempt to explore the set of PPT states with ranks (5,6). Finally, we discuss what are the possible configurations of ranks of density matrices and their respective partial transposition in general three-qubit and four-qubit symmetric states for which there may exist extremal entangled PPT states. For instance in the first case we show that the only possibilities are (4,4,4) and (4,4,5).

quant-ph↗

arXiv2009

Multipartite secret key distillation and bound entanglement

Recently it has been shown that quantum cryptography beyond pure entanglement distillation is possible and a paradigm for the associated protocols has been established. Here we systematically generalize the whole paradigm to the multipartite scenario. We provide constructions of new classes of multipartite bound entangled states, i.e., those with underlying twisted GHZ structure and nonzero distillable cryptographic key. We quantitatively estimate the key from below with help of the privacy squeezing technique.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2009

W-like bound entangled states and secure key distillation

We construct multipartite entangled states with underlying W-type structure satisfying positive partial transpose (PPT) condition under any (N-1)|1 partition. Then we show how to distill N-partite secure key form the states using two different methods: direct application of local filtering and novel random key distillation scheme in which we adopt the idea form recent results on entanglement distillation. Open problems and possible implications are also discussed.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2009

Positive maps, majorization, entropic inequalities, and detection of entanglement

In this paper, we discuss some general connections between the notions of positive map, weak majorization and entropic inequalities in the context of detection of entanglement among bipartite quantum systems. First, basing on the fact that any positive map $Λ:M_{d}(\mathbb{C})\to M_{d}(\mathbb{C})$ can be written as the difference between two completely positive maps $Λ=Λ_{1}-Λ_{2}$, we propose a possible way to generalize the Nielsen--Kempe majorization criterion. Then we present two methods of derivation of some general classes of entropic inequalities useful for the detection of entanglement. While the first one follows from the aforementioned generalized majorization relation and the concept of the Schur--concave decreasing functions, the second is based on some functional inequalities. What is important is that, contrary to the Nielsen--Kempe majorization criterion and entropic inequalities, our criteria allow for the detection of entangled states with positive partial transposition when using indecomposable positive maps. We also point out that if a state with at least one maximally mixed subsystem is detected by some necessary criterion based on the positive map $Λ$, then there exist entropic inequalities derived from $Λ$ (by both procedures) that also detect this state. In this sense, they are equivalent to the necessary criterion $[I\otΛ](\varrho_{AB})\geq 0$. Moreover, our inequalities provide a way of constructing multi--copy entanglement witnesses and therefore are promising from the experimental point of view. Finally, we discuss some of the derived inequalities in the context of recently introduced protocol of state merging and possibility of approximating the mean value of a linear entanglement witness.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2008

A general scheme for construction of scalar separability criteria from positive maps

We present a general scheme that allows for construction of scalar separability criteria from positive but not completely positive maps. The concept is based on a decomposition of every positive map $Λ$ into a difference of two completely positive maps $Λ_1$, $Λ_2$, i.e., $Λ=Λ_1-Λ_2$. The scheme may be also treated as a generalization of the known entropic inequalities, which are obtained from the reduction map. An analysis performed on few classes of states shows that the new scalar criteria are stronger than the entropic inequalities and furthermore, when derived from indecomposable maps allow for detection of bound entanglement.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2008

Beyond the standard entropic inequalities: stronger scalar separability criteria and their applications

Recently it was shown that if a given state fulfils the reduction criterion it must also satisfy the known entropic inequalities. Now the questions arises whether on the assumption that stronger criteria based on positive but not completely positive maps are satisfied, it is possible to derive some scalar inequalities stronger than the entropic ones. In this paper we show that under some assumptions the extended reduction criterion [H.-P. Breuer, Phys. Rev. Lett 97, 080501 (2006); W. Hall, J. Phys. A 40, 6183 (2007)] leads to some entropic--like inequalities which are much stronger than their entropic counterparts. The comparison of the derived inequalities with other separability criteria shows that such approach might lead to strong scalar criteria detecting both distillable and bound entanglement. In particular, in the case of SO(3)-invariant states it is shown that the present inequalities detect entanglement in regions in which entanglement witnesses based on extended reduction map fail. It should be also emphasized that in the case of $2\otimes N$ states the derived inequalities detect entanglement efficiently, while the extended reduction maps are useless when acting on the qubit subsystem. Moreover, there is a natural way to construct a many-copy entanglement witnesses based on the derived inequalities so, in principle, there is a possibility of experimental realization. Some open problems and possibilities for further studies are outlined.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2007

On quantum cryptography with bipartite bound entangled states

Recently the explicit applicability of bound entanglement in quantum cryptography has been shown. In this paper some of recent results respecting this topic are reviewed. In particular relevant notions and definitions are reminded. The new construction of bound entangled states containing secure correlations is presented. It provides low dimensional 6\otimes6 bound entangled states with nonzero distillable key.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2007

Quantum states representing perfectly secure bits are always distillable

It is proven that recently introduced states with perfectly secure bits of cryptographic key (private states representing secure bit) [K. Horodecki et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 160502 (2005)] as well as its multipartite and higher dimension generalizations always represent distillable entanglement. The corresponding lower bounds on distillable entanglement are provided. We also present a simple alternative proof that for any bipartite quantum state entanglement cost is an upper bound on distillable cryptographic key in bipartite scenario.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2007

Scattering of Dirac particles from non-local separable potentials: the eigenchannel approach

An application of the new formulation of the eigenchannel method [R. Szmytkowski, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) {\bf 311}, 503 (2004)] to quantum scattering of Dirac particles from non-local separable potentials is presented. Eigenchannel vectors, related directly to eigenchannels, are defined as eigenvectors of a certain weighted eigenvalue problem. Moreover, negative cotangents of eigenphase-shifts are introduced as eigenvalues of that spectral problem. Eigenchannel spinor as well as bispinor harmonics are expressed throughout the eigenchannel vectors. Finally, the expressions for the bispinor as well as matrix scattering amplitudes and total cross section are derived in terms of eigenchannels and eigenphase-shifts. An illustrative example is also provided.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2007

Universal observable detecting all two-qubit entanglement and determinant based separability tests

We construct a single observable measurement of which mean value on four copies of an {\it unknown} two-qubit state is sufficient for unambiguous decision whether the state is separable or entangled. In other words, there exists a universal collective entanglement witness detecting all two-qubit entanglement. The test is directly linked to a function which characterizes to some extent the entanglement quantitatively. This function is an entanglement monotone under so--called local pure operations and classical communication (pLOCC) which preserve local dimensions. Moreover it provides tight upper and lower bounds for negativity and concurrence. Elementary quantum computing device estimating unknown two-qubit entanglement is designed.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2007

Rotationally invariant bipartite states and bound entanglement

We consider rotationally invariant states in $\mathbb{C}^{N_{1}}\ot \mathbb{C}^{N_{2}}$ Hilbert space with even $N_{1}\geq 4$ and arbitrary $N_{2}\geq N_{1}$, and show that in such case there always exist states which are inseparable and remain positive after partial transposition, and thus the PPT criterion does not suffice to prove separability of such systems. We demonstrate it applying a map developed recently by Breuer [H.-P. Breuer, Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 97}, 080501 (2006)] to states that remain invariant after partial time reversal.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2005

Non-relativistic quantum scattering from non-local separable potentials: the eigenchannel approach

A recently formulated version of the eigenchannel method [R. Szmytkowski, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) {\bf 311}, 503 (2004)] is applied to quantum scattering of Schrödinger particles from non-local separable potentials. Eigenchannel vectors and negative cotangents of eigenphase-shifts are introduced as eigensolutions to some weighted matrix spectral problem, without a necessity of prior construction and diagonalization of the scattering matrix. Explicit expressions for the scattering amplitude, the total cross section in terms of the eigenchannel vectors and the eigenphase-shifts are derived. An illustrative example is provided.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2004

Generalised Smolin states and their properties

Four qubit bound entangled Smolin states are generalised in a natural way to even number of qubits. They are shown to maximally violate simple correlation Bell inequalities and, as such, to reduce communication complexity, though they do not admit quantum security. They are also shown to serve for remote quantum information concentration like in the case of the original four qubit states. Application of the information concentration to the process of unlocking of classical correlations and quantum entanglement by quantum bit is pointed out.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2004

Bound entanglement maximally violating Bell inequalities: quantum entanglement is not equivalent to quantum security

It is shown that Smolin four-qubit bound entangled states [Phys. Rev. A, 63 032306 (2001)] can maximally violate two-setting Bell inequality similar to standard CHSH inequality. Surprisingly this entanglement does not allow for secure key distillation, so neither entanglement nor violation of Bell inequalities implies quantum security. It is also pointed out how that kind of bound entanglement can be useful in reducing communication complexity.

quant-ph↗