arXiv subjects

Richard Scalettar

Publications and source records attributed to Richard Scalettar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Flowing to Normality and the Fate of the Single Ring Theorem

Random non-hermitian matrix ensembles with double-sided rotation invariance obey, in the limit of large matrix size, the Single Ring Theorem, which states that the support of the mean eigenvalue distribution in the complex plane is either a disk or an annulus. In contrast, rotational-invariant random normal matrix ensembles can have mean eigenvalue densities supported over any number of concentric annuli in the complex plane. In this paper we introduce and investigate, both analytically and numerically, a non-hermitian matrix model which flows from a generic matrix distribution obeying the Single Ring Theorem to a distribution of normal matrices by tuning a parameter which penalizes non-normality. We observe numerically breakdown of the Single Ring Theorem as the model flows towards normality, and determine the critical value of the parameter at which the transition occurs. We also study in detail the behavior of the singular values of these matrices under the flow. These singular values form a Fermi gas confined to the positive half-line. In particular, we find that at small values of the flow parameter, the interparticle spacings in the gas exhibit Wigner-Dyson repulsion, whereas for asymptotically large values of the flow parameter, at the normal matrix endpoint of the flow, the spacing statistics is Poissonian. The flow interpolates continuously between these two types of statistics. However, this change in statistics is not related directly to breaking of the Single Ring Theorem, which occurs very early-on along the flow, in the regime of Wigner-Dyson statistics. Finally, we introduce a certain ensemble of random permutations associated with the gas, and make a conjecture on how to use it in order to reconstruct approximately the average density of complex eigenvalues from that of the singular values in the large-$N$ limit.

math-ph↗

arXiv2026

The optical Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model on a triangular lattice

We study the triangular lattice optical Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model using determinant quantum Monte Carlo. By varying the model's carrier concentration, electron-phonon coupling strength, and phonon energy $Ω$, we identify two doping regimes of interest. At one-quarter filling ($\langle n\rangle = 0.5$), corresponding to the case of a circular noninteracting Fermi surface, we find evidence for a metal to insulating bond-order-wave (BOW) phase transition that breaks a local $C_6$ rotational symmetry. Conversely, at three-quarters filling ($\langle n\rangle = 1.5$), corresponding to a hexagonal Fermi surface, we find evidence for transitions to another BOW phase for small $Ω$ and an $s$-wave superconducting phase for sufficiently large $Ω$. This tendency toward pairing appears to be associated with the possibility of a sign change in the effective intersite hopping, which can occur for sufficiently large lattice displacements. We also find no evidence for enhanced magnetic correlations in the model, contrary to what has been reported for square lattice SSH models.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2026

The SU(N) Holstein Model

From the condensed matter physics perspective, the most natural single orbital tight-binding Hamiltonians, and hence the most widely studied, contain two fermionic species, corresponding to spin up and spin down electrons. In cold atom systems, however, SU(N) symmetry, in which $N > 2$ fermionic species reside within a single band, also occurs. In order to understand such experiments, the SU(N) Hubbard model has been increasingly studied. Here we present determinant Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the SU(N) {\it Holstein} Hamiltonian, in which $N$ fermionic species couple to a single local phonon mode. We show that at half filling it has an insulating charge density wave phase (CDW) at low temperatures, in which empty sites alternate with sites with $N$ particles. We determine the $N=3$ CDW phase diagram in the temperature, $T$, versus electron-phonon coupling, $α$, plane at fixed phonon frequency $ω_0$ and half-filling $ρ=1.5$. The critical temperature $T_c$ for $N=3$ can be as high as twice the maximum attainable for $N=2$. We also obtain the $N$ dependence of $T_c$ for a representative, fixed, $ω_0$ and $α$.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2026

The Two Orbital, Interacting Hatano-Nelson Model

The single orbital, one-dimensional, Hatano-Nelson Hamiltonian provides deep insight into the physics of non-Hermiticity, resulting from asymmetric left/right hopping, and its connections to localization. In the absence of disorder, its single particle eigenvalues $E_α$ lie on an ellipse in the complex plane whose extent in the imaginary direction is controlled by the degree of asymmetry. When randomness is introduced, two sets of real eigenvalues emerge at the extremes of the largest and smallest real part of $E_α$. These real eigenvalues are associated with localized eigenvectors. For spinless fermions, increasing near-neighbor interactions first cause a transition to a charge density wave phase, and ultimately, on finite lattices, a collapse of all eigenvalues to the real axis. In this paper, we explore the presence of real eigenvalues in the interacting, two-particle sector for the spinful case (Hubbard model) in a two-chain (two-band) geometry with a Hermitian interchain hopping. Our key results are to obtain the ``phase" diagrams for the existence of a purely real spectrum, as a function of the interaction strength, degree of non-Hermiticity, and interchain hopping. We study the sensitivity to boundary conditions of the spectral properties of our two-chain model with winding number analysis and explore the relationship between PBC doublon states and OBC skin modes. To address the question of stability in such non-equilibrium systems, we solve the dynamics at low filling according to Lindbladian evolution and find that the non-Hermitian description is able to qualitatively describe such systems.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2026

SmoQyDQMC.jl: A flexible implementation of determinant quantum Monte Carlo for Hubbard and electron-phonon interactions (version 2.0 release)

We introduce version 2.0 of the SmoQyDQMC.jl package, a Julia implementation of the determinant quantum Monte Carlo algorithm. SmoQyDQMC.jl supports generalized tight-binding Hamiltonians with local and extended Hubbard and generalized electron-phonon (e-ph) interactions, including non-linear e-ph coupling and anharmonic lattice potentials. Our implementation uses an optimized hybrid Monte Carlo method with exact forces to efficiently sample the phonon fields, enabling the simulation of low-energy phonon branches, including acoustic phonons. The SmoQyDQMC.jl package also uses a flexible scripting interface, allowing users to adapt it to different workflows and interface with other software packages in the Julia ecosystem. The code for this package can be downloaded from our GitHub repository at https://github.com/SmoQySuite/SmoQyDQMC.jl or installed using the Julia package manager. The online documentation, including examples, is found at https://smoqysuite.github.io/SmoQyDQMC.jl/stable/.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2026

Charge Order in the half-filled bond-Holstein Model

We use determinant quantum Monte Carlo to study the half-filled `bond-Holstein' model on a square lattice. We find that the model exhibits a charge-density-wave (CDW) phase transition with a critical temperature $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ considerably higher than that of the canonical `site-Holstein' model. Using a finite-size scaling analysis of the charge structure factor $S_{\rm cdw}$, we obtain $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ to greater than one percent accuracy. At the same time, local observables also show clear signatures consistent with the transition temperatures inferred from our scaling analysis. We attribute the enhanced CDW tendencies to a phonon-mediated nearest-neighbor electron repulsion that is directly proportional to the dimensionless electron-phonon coupling $λ$ in the atomic ($t\rightarrow 0$) limit. This behavior contrasts with the site-Holstein case, where the same limit yields only an on-site attraction. We supplement our analysis with results from several unsupervised machine learning methods, which not only confirm our estimates of $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ but also provide insight into the high-temperature crossover between a metallic and bipolaron liquid regime.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2025

Optimizing the Critical Temperature and Superfluid Density of a Metal-Superconductor Bilayer

A promising path to realizing higher superconducting transition temperatures $T_c$ is the strategic engineering of artificial heterostructures. For example, quantum materials could, in principle, be coupled with other materials to produce a more robust superconducting state. In this work, we add numerical support to the hypothesis that a strongly interacting superconductor weakened by phase fluctuations can boost its $T_c$ by hybridizing the system with a metal. Using determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC), we simulate a two-dimensional bilayer composed of an attractive Hubbard model and a metallic layer in two regimes of the interaction strength $-|U|$. In the strongly interacting regime, we find that increasing the interlayer hybridization $t_\perp$ results in a nonmonotonic enhancement of $T_c$, with an optimal value comparable to the maximum $T_c$ observed in the single-layer attractive Hubbard model, confirming trends inferred from other approaches. In the intermediate coupling regime, when $-|U|$ is close to the value associated with the maximum $T_c$ of the single-layer model, increasing $t_\perp$ tends to decrease $T_c$, implying that the correlated layer was already optimally tuned. Importantly, we demonstrate that the mechanism behind these trends is related to enhancement in the superfluid stiffness, as was initially proposed by Kivelson [Physica B: Condensed Matter 318, 61 (2002)].

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2025

Learning by Confusion: The Phase Diagram of the Holstein Model

We employ the "learning by confusion" technique, an unsupervised machine learning approach for detecting phase transitions, to analyze quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the two-dimensional Holstein model--a fundamental model for electron-phonon interactions on a lattice. Utilizing a convolutional neural network, we conduct a series of binary classification tasks to identify Holstein critical points based on the neural network's learning accuracy. We further evaluate the effectiveness of various training datasets, including snapshots of phonon fields and other measurements resolved in imaginary time, for predicting distinct phase transitions and crossovers. Our results culminate in the construction of the finite-temperature phase diagram of the Holstein model.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2024

Extracting Off-Diagonal Order from Diagonal Basis Measurements

Quantum gas microscopy has developed into a powerful tool to explore strongly correlated quantum systems. However, discerning phases with topological or off-diagonal long range order requires the ability to extract these correlations from site-resolved measurements. Here, we show that a multi-scale complexity measure can pinpoint the transition to and from the bond ordered wave phase of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model with an off-diagonal order parameter, sandwiched between diagonal charge and spin density wave phases, using only diagonal descriptors. We study the model directly in the thermodynamic limit using the recently developed variational uniform matrix product states algorithm, and draw our samples from degenerate ground states related by global spin rotations, emulating the projective measurements that are accessible in experiments. Our results will have important implications for the study of exotic phases using optical lattice experiments.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2023

Classical Analog of Quantum Models in Synthetic Dimensions

We introduce a classical analog of quantum matter in ultracold molecule -- or Rydberg atom -- synthetic dimensions, extending the Potts model to include interactions J1 between atoms adjacent in both real and synthetic space and studying its finite temperature properties. For intermediate values of J1, the resulting phases and phase diagrams are similar to those of the clock and Villain models, in which three phases emerge. There exists a sheet phase analogous to that found in quantum synthetic dimension models between the high temperature disordered phase and the low temperature ferromagnetic phase. We also employ machine learning to uncover non-trivial features of the phase diagram using the learning by confusion approach. The key result there is that the method is able to discern several successive phase transitions.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2023

Attractive Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-Hubbard Model on a Square Lattice Away from Half-Filling

The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model, with bond phonons modulating electron tunneling, is a paradigmatic electron-phonon model that hosts an antiferromagnetic order to bond order transition at half-filling. In the presence of repulsive Hubbard interaction, the antiferromagnetic phase is enhanced, but the phase transition remains first-order. Here we explore the physics of the SSH model with attractive Hubbard interaction, which hosts an interesting interplay among charge order, s-wave pairing, and bond order. Using the numerically exact determinant quantum Monte Carlo method, we show that both charge order, present at weak electron-phonon coupling, and bond order, at large coupling, give way to s-wave pairing when the system is doped. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the SSH electron-phonon interaction competes with the attractive Hubbard interaction and reduces the s-wave pairing correlation.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2023

Metal-insulator transition and quantum magnetism in the SU(3) Fermi-Hubbard Model: Disentangling Nesting and the Mott Transition

We use state-of-the-art numerical techniques to compute ground state correlations in the two-dimensional SU(3) Fermi Hubbard model at $1/3$-filling, modeling fermions with three possible spin flavors moving on a square lattice with an average of one particle per site. We find clear evidence of a quantum critical point separating a non-magnetic uniform metallic phase from a regime where long-range `spin' order is present. In particular, there are multiple successive transitions to states with regular, long-range alternation of the different flavors, whose symmetry changes as the interaction strength increases. In addition to the rich quantum magnetism, this important physical system allows one to study integer filling and the associated Mott transition disentangled from nesting, in contrast to the usual SU(2) model. Our results also provide a significant step towards the interpretation of present and future experiments on fermionic alkaline-earth atoms, and other realizations of SU($N$) physics.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2023

A hybrid Monte Carlo study of bond-stretching electron-phonon interactions and charge order in BaBiO$_3$

The relationship between electron-phonon ($e$-ph) interactions and charge-density-wave (CDW) order in the bismuthate family of high-temperature superconductors remains unresolved. We address this question using nonperturbative hybrid Monte Carlo calculations for the parent compound BaBiO$_3$. Our model includes the Bi $6s$ and O $2p_σ$ orbitals and coupling to the Bi-O bond-stretching branch of optical phonons via modulations of the Bi-O hopping integral. We simulate three-dimensional clusters of up to 4000 orbitals, with input model parameters taken from {\it ab initio} electronic structure calculations and a phonon energy $\hbarΩ_0 = 60$~meV. Our results demonstrate that the coupling to the bond-stretching modes is sufficient to reproduce the CDW transition in this system, despite a relatively small dimensionless coupling. We also find that the transition deviates from the weak-coupling Peierls' picture. This work demonstrates that off-diagonal $e$-ph interactions in orbital space are vital in establishing the bismuthate phase diagram.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2022

Fast and scalable quantum Monte Carlo simulations of electron-phonon models

We introduce methodologies for highly scalable quantum Monte Carlo simulations of electron-phonon models, and report benchmark results for the Holstein model on the square lattice. The determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) method is a widely used tool for simulating simple electron-phonon models at finite temperatures, but incurs a computational cost that scales cubically with system size. Alternatively, near-linear scaling with system size can be achieved with the hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) method and an integral representation of the Fermion determinant. Here, we introduce a collection of methodologies that make such simulations even faster. To combat "stiffness" arising from the bosonic action, we review how Fourier acceleration can be combined with time-step splitting. To overcome phonon sampling barriers associated with strongly-bound bipolaron formation, we design global Monte Carlo updates that approximately respect particle-hole symmetry. To accelerate the iterative linear solver, we introduce a preconditioner that becomes exact in the adiabatic limit of infinite atomic mass. Finally, we demonstrate how stochastic measurements can be accelerated using fast Fourier transforms. These methods are all complementary and, combined, may produce multiple orders of magnitude speedup, depending on model details.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2022

Dynamical tuning of the chemical potential to achieve a target particle number in grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations

We present a method to facilitate Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble given a target mean particle number. The method imposes a fictitious dynamics on the chemical potential, to be run concurrently with the Monte Carlo sampling of the physical system. Corrections to the chemical potential are made according to time-averaged estimates of the mean and variance of the particle number, with the latter being proportional to thermodynamic compressibility. We perform a variety of tests, and in all cases find rapid convergence of the chemical potential -- inexactness of the tuning algorithm contributes only a minor part of the total measurement error for realistic simulations.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2022

Phase Diagram of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-Hubbard model on a square lattice

The Hubbard and Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Hamiltonians (SSH) are iconic models for understanding the qualitative effects of electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions respectively. In the two-dimensional square lattice Hubbard model at half filling, the on-site Coulomb repulsion, $U$, between up and down electrons induces antiferromagnetic (AF) order and a Mott insulating phase. On the other hand, for the SSH model, there is an AF phase when the electron-phonon coupling $λ$ is less than a critical value $λ_c$ and a bond order wave when $λ> λ_c$. In this work, we perform numerical studies on the square lattice optical Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-Hubbard Hamiltonian (SSHH), which combines both interactions. We use the determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) method which does not suffer from the fermionic sign problem at half filling. We map out the phase diagram and find that it exhibits a direct first-order transition between an antiferromagnetic phase and a bond-ordered wave as $λ$ increases. The AF phase is characterized by two different regions. At smaller $λ$ the behavior is similar to that of the pure Hubbard model; the other region, while maintaining long range AF order, exhibits larger kinetic energies and double occupancy, i.e. larger quantum fluctuations, similar to the AF phase found in the pure SSH model.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2022

Quantum Membrane Phases in Synthetic Lattices of Cold Molecules or Rydberg Atoms

We calculate properties of dipolar interacting ultracold molecules or Rydberg atoms in a semi-synthetic three-dimensional configuration -- one synthetic dimension plus a two-dimensional real space optical lattice or periodic microtrap array -- using the stochastic Green function Quantum Monte Carlo method. Through a calculation of thermodynamic quantities and appropriate correlation functions, along with their finite size scalings, we show that there is a second order transition to a low temperature phase in which two-dimensional `sheets' form in the synthetic dimension of internal rotational or electronic states of the molecules or Rydberg atoms, respectively. Simulations for different values of the interaction $V$, which acts between atoms or molecules that are adjacent both in real and synthetic space, allow us to compute a phase diagram. We find a finite-temperature transition at sufficiently large $V$, as well as a quantum phase transition -- a critical value $V_c$ below which the transition temperature vanishes.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2021

$π$-Phase shift across stripes in a charge density wave system

Many strongly correlated materials are characterized by deeply intertwined charge and spin order. Besides their high superconducting transition temperatures, one of the central features of these complex patterns in cuprates is a phase shift which occurs across lines of decreased hole density. That is, when doped away from their AF phase, the additional charge is not distributed uniformly, but rather in `stripes'. The sublattices preferentially occupied by up and down spin are reversed across these stripes, a phenomonenon referred to as a `$π$-phase shift'. Many of the spin-charge patterns, including the $π$-phase shift, are reproduced by Density Matrix Renormalization Group and Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of simplified tight binding (repulsive Hubbard) models. In this paper we demonstrate that this sublattice reversal is generic by considering the corresponding phenomenon in the attractive Hubbard Hamiltonian, where a charge density wave phase forms at half-filling. We introduce charge stripes via an appropriate local chemical potential; measurements of charge correlation across the resulting lines of lowered density reveal a clear $π$ phase.

cond-mat.str-el↗