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Risto Raitio

Publications and source records attributed to Risto Raitio.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

Soft UV Completion of a Preon Model

We build a framework for Regge trajectories from the Nambu-Goto action. We compute the 6-preon Regge trajectory in a preon model, include the worldsheet conformal anomaly, and build the parameter-free Veneziano amplitude. The amplitude has s-channel poles matching the spectrum to 0.5%, and at fixed-angle scattering decays exponentially with a negative Gross-Mende coefficient, realized numerically to 0.03%. This is a soft, genuinely non-perturbative ultraviolet completion of the preon model - and thereby of the Standard Model, which emerges as its low-energy limit. The Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude and the significance of worldsheet diffeomorphism are briefly discussed.

hep-ph

Leptoquarks and the Emergence of the Standard Model Gauge Group in a Self-Consistent Preon Model

We show that in a self-consistent preon model, where Standard Model quarks and leptons are three-body composites confined at a metacolor scale Lambda_cr ~ 10^14 GeV, both leptoquarks and the Standard Model gauge group SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y emerge as structural predictions rather than inputs. Combining the preon content of a quark with that of a lepton gives exactly four distinct six-body bosonic leptoquark composites per generation, with electric charges Q = +2/3, -1/3, -1/3, -4/3 and a universal B-L = -2/3 fixed by the preon charge assignments. Their mass is of order Lambda_cr rather than of order the SM fermion masses, because the dynamical near-cancellation that produces light fermion masses is specific to three-body fermionic composites and does not extend to six-body bosonic ones. The fractional B-L = -2/3 forbids proton decay via single leptoquark exchange, requiring a dimension-12 operator and giving tau(p -> e+ pi0) ~ 10^58 years, consistent with the experimental bound > 2.4 x 10^34 years. It is shown that the SM gauge group emerges as a low-energy symmetry consistent with the Planck-scale boundary condition, and leptoquarks are required -- not merely permitted -- by the matching. The anomaly-matching argument extends to a tower of 3n-body composites, each level imposing consistency conditions on the next; we call this the vertical bootstrap and advance it as the organizing principle of the preon program.

hep-ph

Quark and Lepton Masses, Baryon Asymmetry, and Neutrino Mass from a Supersymmetric Preon Model

The flavor problem and the baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU) are addressed simultaneously within a supersymmetric preon model. Standard Model fermions are three-body composites of preons confined at Lambda_cr ~ 10^14 GeV by a Maxwell-Chern-Simons interaction and a metacolor gauge symmetry SU(3)_mc. Gauge anomaly cancellation requires one spectator field chi and no other new fermions. Using four systematic numerical methods validated against the hydrogen atom, we reproduce the observed ratio m_e/m_u = 0.22 at metacolor string tension sigma*_mc/theta^2 = 2.11, and predict m_d > m_u with m_d/m_u ~ 2.3 (observed value of 2.0) from the Pauli principle applied to the psi_0^2 spin-color wavefunction. The neutrino is naturally massless at tree level by the same Pauli-principle argument; the spectator chi provides a Type I seesaw giving m_nu ~ Lambda_EW^2/Lambda_cr ~ 0.1 eV. The BAU is generated at Lambda_cr via the Callan-Harvey anomaly inflow mechanism: integrating out the massive charged preons induces a topological Chern-Simons term whose coefficient is fixed by the fermion/boson condensation asymmetry epsilon from intrinsic SUSY breaking. Matching the observed eta ~ 8.7x10^{-10} gives epsilon ~ 0.022, consistent with a one-loop origin. R-parity is derived dynamically from the composite structure, making the lightest superpartner absolutely stable.

hep-ph

Particles, Forces and the Early Universe

This article reveals the unexpected result that three a priori distinct ideas--global supersymmetry of preons, Hartle-Hawking cosmology, and Chern-Simons quantum gravity--share common concepts that offer paths beyond the Standard Model. Differences from the MSSM are discussed.

hep-ph

Towards 6D Little String Theory of Particles

A model for particles based on preons in chiral, vector and tensor/graviton supermultiplets of unbroken global supersymmetry is engineered. The framework of the model is little string theory. Phenomenological predictions are discussed.

hep-ph

The fate of supersymmetry in quantum field theories

We analyze the significance of supersymmetry in two topological models and the standard model (SM). We conclude that the two topological field theory models favor hidden supersymmetry. The SM superpartners, instead, have not been found.

hep-ph

Stringy phenomenology with preon models

We compare, following Pati, global symmetries our topological supersymmetric preon model with the heterotic E_8 x E_8 string theory. We include Pati's supergravity based preon model in this work and compare the preon interactions of his model to ours. Based on preon-string symmetry comparison and preon phenomenological results we conclude that the fundamental particles are likely preons rather than standard model particles.

hep-ph

A Chern-Simons model for baryon asymmetry

In search of a phenomenological model that would describe physics from Big Bang to the Standard Model (SM), we propose a model with the following properties (i) above an energy about Lambda_{cr} > 10^{16} GeV there are Wess-Zumino supersymmetric preons and Chern-Simons (CS) fields, (ii) at Lambda_{cr} ~ 10^{16} GeV spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking takes place in the CS model and the generated topological mass providing attractive interaction to equal charge preons, and (iii) well below 10^{16} GeV the model reduces to the standard model with essentially pointlike quarks and leptons, having a radius ~ 10^{-31} m. The baryon asymmetry turns out to have a fortuitous ratio n_B/n_gamma << 1.

hep-ph

A Stringy Model of Pointlike Particles

A previous supersymmetric preon scenario for visible matter particles is extended to the dark sector. In addition, the scenario is reformulated as a Double Field Theory (DFT) with four extra dimensions, to avoid a singular Big Bang in cosmology. T-duality and doubled local Lorentz symmetry of the model are genuine stringy properties. It is proposed that DFT preons may be an approximate pointlike projection of string theory.

hep-ph

Supersymmetric Preons and the Standard Model

The experimental fact that standard model superpartners have not been observed compels one to consider an alternative implementation for supersymmetry. The basic supermultiplet proposed here consists of a photon and a charged spin 1/2 preon field, and their superpartners. These fields are shown to yield the standard model fermions, Higgs fields and gauge symmetries. Supersymmetry is defined for unbound preons only. Quantum group SLq(2) representations are introduced to classify topologically scalars, preons, quarks and leptons.

physics.gen-ph