arXiv subjects

Ronaldo Alves Garcia

Publications and source records attributed to Ronaldo Alves Garcia.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Stable umbilical points of a W-congruence

The class of $W$-congruences is a central object of Projective Differential Geometry. Nevertheless, their singularities has not been extensively studied. In this paper we prove a characterization of $W$-congruences that allow us to study their umbilical points. We describe examples of isolated stable umbilical points of type $A_m$, $m\in\{1,2,3,4\}$, and discuss some partial results concerning the generalization of these results to any $m\in\mathbb{N}\cup\{\infty\}$.

math.DG↗

arXiv2023

Dual relations between line congruences in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^4$

There is a natural duality between line congruences in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^4$ that sends principal lines into asymptotic lines. The same correspondence takes the discriminant curve of a line congruence into the parabolic curve of the dual surface. Moreover, it takes the ridge curves to the flat ridge curves, while the subparabolic curves of a line congruence are taken to certain curves on the surface that we call flat subparabolic curves. In this paper, we discuss these relations and describe the generic behavior of the subparabolic curves at the discriminant curve of the line congruence, or equivalently, the parabolic curve of the dual surface. We also discuss Loewner's conjectures under the duality viewpoint.

math.DG↗

arXiv2021

Singularities of Generic Line Congruences

Line congruences are $2$-dimensional families of lines in $3$-space. The singularities that appear in generic line congruences are folds, cusps and swallowtails. In this paper we give a geometric description of these singularities. The main tool used is the existence of an equiaffine pair defining a generic line congruence.

math.DG↗

arXiv2017

Quadratic Points of Surfaces in Projective 3-Space

Quadratic points of a surface in the projective 3-space are the points which can be exceptionally well approximated by a quadric. They are also singularities of a 3-web in the elliptic part and of a line field in the hyperbolic part of the surface. We show that generically the index of the 3-web at a quadratic point is 1/3 or -1/3, while the index of the line field is 1 or -1. Moreover, for an elliptic quadratic point whose cubic form is semi-homogeneous, we can use Loewner's conjecture to show that the index is at most 1. From the above local results we can conclude some global results: A generic compact elliptic surface has at least 6 quadratic points, a compact elliptic surfaces with semi-homogeneous cubic forms has at least 2 quadratic points and the number of quadratic points in a hyperbolic disc is odd. By studying the behavior of the cubic form in a neighborhood of the parabolic curve, we also obtain a relation between the indices of the quadratic points of a generic surface with non-empty elliptic and hyperbolic regions.

math.DG↗