arXiv subjects

Ross Knapman

Publications and source records attributed to Ross Knapman.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Inferring Magnetic Material Parameters from Statistical Measures in Strongly Fluctuating Magnetization Dynamics

Magnetic material parameters such as the exchange stiffness and magnetic anisotropy govern the behavior and functionality of magnetic systems, yet their local inference from magnetization data remains challenging, particularly in strongly fluctuating regimes with polycrystalline or multiphase microstructure, where conventional texture-based methods become unreliable. We introduce a magnetization-only framework for inferring material parameters from thermally driven magnetization dynamics. Using micromagnetic simulations, we extract statistical quantities such as temporal mean and latent entropy from the magnetization dynamics, fit models to these descriptors, and invert the models to infer material parameters. We show that this framework enables material-parameter inference as well as grain-boundary detection in a heterogeneous sample. Among the descriptors considered, latent entropy yields more accurate parameter estimates than the temporal mean. Our results establish latent entropy as an efficient descriptor for inferring magnetic material parameters from dynamical magnetization data and point toward its use for experimental parameter extraction at high temperatures and, more broadly, under strongly fluctuating conditions.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2026

Defect Detection in Magnetic Systems Using U-Net and Statistical Measures

Local material inhomogeneities can strongly influence magnetization dynamics and macroscopic magnetic properties, yet detecting such defects from magnetic imaging data remains challenging when thermal fluctuations and experimental noise obscure static contrast. Here, we investigate defect detection in strongly fluctuating magnetization regimes where signatures of inhomogeneities largely average out in time-resolved measurements. Using finite-temperature micromagnetic simulations with randomly distributed defects and material parameters representative of \ce{Ni80Fe20}, we compute per-pixel temporal mean, temporal standard deviation, and latent entropy and use them as inputs for U-Net-based semantic segmentation models. We find that the most effective descriptor depends on the noise level and, importantly, that robust detection requires training data that reflect the expected noise statistics. These results provide practical guidance for designing noise-robust defect-detection workflows in magnetic imaging.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2024

3D Magnetic Textures with Mixed Topology: Unlocking the Tunable Hopf Index

Knots and links play a crucial role in understanding topology and discreteness in nature. In magnetic systems, twisted, knotted and braided vortex tubes manifest as Skyrmions, Hopfions, or screw dislocations. These complex textures are characterized by topologically non-trivial quantities, such as a Skyrmion number, a Hopf index $H$, a Burgers vector (quantified by an integer $\nu$), and linking numbers. In this work, we introduce a discrete geometric definition of $H$ for periodic magnetic textures, which can be separated into contributions from the self-linking and inter-linking of flux tubes. We show that fractional Hopfions or textures with non-integer values of $H$ naturally arise and can be interpreted as states of ``mixed topology" that are continuously transformable to one of the multiple possible topological sectors. Our findings demonstrate a solid physical foundation for the Hopf index to take integer, non-integer, or specific fractional values, depending on the underlying topology of the system.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2024

Numerical Calculation of the Hopf Index for 3D Magnetic Textures

To gain deeper insight into the complex, stable, and robust configurations of magnetic textures, topological characterisation has proven essential. In particular, while the skyrmion number is a well-established topological invariant for 2D magnetic textures, the Hopf index serves as a key topological descriptor for 3D magnetic structures. In this work, we present and compare various methods for numerically calculating the Hopf index, provide implementations, and offer a detailed analysis of their accuracy and computational efficiency. Additionally, we identify and address common pitfalls and challenges associated with the numerical computation of the Hopf index, offering insights for improving the robustness of these techniques.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2021

Nonlinear dynamics of topological ferromagnetic textures for frequency multiplication

We propose that the non-linear radio-frequency dynamics and nanoscale size of topological magnetic structures associated to their well-defined internal modes advocate for their use as in-materio scalable frequency multipliers for spintronic systems. Frequency multipliers allow for frequency conversion between input and output frequencies, and thereby significantly increase the range of controllably accessible frequencies. In particular, we explore the excitation of eigenmodes of topological magnetic textures by fractions of the corresponding eigenfrequencies. We show via micromagnetic simulations that low-frequency perturbations to the system can efficiently excite bounded modes with a higher amplitude. For example, we excited the eigenmodes of isolated ferromagnetic skyrmions by applying half, a third and a quarter of the corresponding eigenfrequency. We predict that the frequency multiplication via magnetic structures is a general phenomenon which is independent of the particular properties of the magnetic texture, and works also for magnetic vortices, droplets and other topological textures.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2021

Current-induced H-shaped-skyrmion creation and their dynamics in the helical phase

Inevitable for the basic principles of skyrmion racetrack-like applications is not only their confined motion along one-dimensional channels but also their controlled creation and annihilation. Helical magnets have been suggested to naturally confine the motion of skyrmions along the tracks formed by the helices, which also allow for high-speed skyrmion motion. We propose a protocol to create topological magnetic structures in a helical background. We furthermore analyse the stability and current-driven motion of the skyrmions in a helical background with in-plane uniaxial anisotropy fixing the orientation of the helices.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗