arXiv subjects

Rubén Medina

Publications and source records attributed to Rubén Medina.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Lipschitz extension and Lipschitz-free spaces over nets in normed spaces

We consider subsets $S$ of a metric space $M$ such that Lipschitz mappings defined on $S$ can be extended to Lipschitz mappings on $M$, and we show that the union of such subsets has the same property under appropriate geometric conditions. We then derive several consequences to the isomorphic structure and classification of Lipschitz and Lipschitz-free spaces. Our main result is that the Lipschitz-free space $\mathcal{F}(M)$ is isomorphic to its countable $\ell_1$-sum when $M$ is either a net $N_X$ in any Banach space $X$ or the integer grid $\mathbb{Z}_{\ell_1}$ in $\ell_1$. We also prove that the Lipschitz space $\mathrm{Lip}_0(\mathbb{Z}_{\ell_1})$ is isomorphic to $\mathrm{Lip}_0(\ell_1)$ and that $\mathrm{Lip}_0(N_X)$ contains a complemented copy of $\mathrm{Lip}_0(X)$, among other results. This answers questions raised by Albiac, Ansorena, Cúth and Doucha and Candido, Cúth and Doucha, respectively, and extends previous results by the same authors as well as Hájek and Novotný.

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arXiv2025

Transportation cost spaces and stochastic trees

We study transportation cost spaces over finite metric spaces, also known as Lipschitz free spaces. Our work is motivated by a core problem posed by S. Dilworth, D. Kutzarova and M. Ostrovskii, namely, find a condition on a metric space $M$ equivalent to the Banach-Mazur distance between the transportation cost space over $M$ and $\ell_1^N$ of the corresponding dimension, which we call the $\ell_1^N$-distortion of $M$. In this regard, some examples have been studied like the $N\times N$ grid by Naor and Schechtman (2007) and the Laakso and diamond graphs by Dilworth, Kutzarova and Ostrovskii (2020), later studied by Baudier, Gartland and Schlumprecht (2023). We present here three main results. Firstly, we give a partial solution to this problem relating to the tree-like structure of the metric space. For that purpose, we develop a new technique that could potentially lead to a complete solution of the problem and utilize it to find an asymptotically tight upper bound of the $\ell_1^N$-distortion of the Laakso graphs, fully solving an open problem raised by Dilworth, Kutzarova and Ostrovskii. Finally, we apply our technique to prove that finite hyperbolic approximations of doubling metric spaces have uniformly bounded $\ell_1^N$-distortion.

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arXiv2024

Joint Ultra-wideband Characterization of Azimuth, Elevation and Time of Arrival with Toric Arrays

In this paper, we present an analytical framework for the joint characterization of the 3D direction of arrival (DoA), i.e., azimuth and elevation components, and time of arrival (ToA) in multipath environments. The analytical framework is based on the use of nearly frequency-invariant beamformers (FIB) formed by toric arrays. The frequency response of the toric array is expanded as a series of phase modes, which leads to azimuth-time and elevation-time diagrams from which the 3D DoA and the ToA of the incoming waves can be extracted over a wide bandwidth. Firstly, we discuss some practical considerations, advantages and limitations of using the analytical method. Subsequently, we perform a parametric study to analyze the influence of the method parameters on the quality of the estimation. The method is tested in single-path and multipath mm-wave environments over a large bandwidth. The results show that the proposed method improves the quality of the estimation, i.e., decreases the level of the artifacts, compared to other state-of-art FIB approaches based on the use of single/concentric circular and elliptical arrays.

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arXiv2024

Non-uniformly continuous nearest point maps

We construct a Banach space satisfying that the nearest point map (also called proximity mapping or metric projection) onto any compact and convex subset is continuous but not uniformly continuous. The space we construct is locally uniformly convex, which ensures the continuity of all these nearest point maps. Moreover, we prove that every infinite-dimensional separable Banach space is arbitrarily close (in the Banach-Mazur distance) to one satisfying the above conditions.

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arXiv2023

A characterisation of the Daugavet property in spaces of vector-valued Lipschitz functions

Let $M$ be a metric space and $X$ be a Banach space. In this paper we address several questions about the structure of $\mathcal F(M)\widehat{\otimes}_πX$ and $\mathop{Lip}(M,X)$. Our results are the following: (1) We prove that if $M$ is a length metric space then $\mathop{Lip}(M,X)$ has the Daugavet property. As a consequence, if $M$ is length we obtain that $\mathcal F(M)\widehat{\otimes}_πX$ has the Daugavet property. This gives an affirmative answer to [13,Question 1] (also asked in [24,Remark 3.8]). (2) We prove that if $M$ is a non-uniformly discrete metric space or an unbounded metric space then the norm of $\mathcal F(M)\widehat{\otimes}_πX$ is octahedral, which solves [6, Question 3.2 (1)]. (3) We characterise all the Banach spaces $X$ such that $L(X,Y)$ is octahedral for every Banach space $Y$, which solves a question by Johann Langemets.

math.FA↗

arXiv2023

On the constant of Lipschitz approximability

In this note we find $λ>1$ and give an explicit construction of a separable Banach space $X$ such that there is no $λ$-Lipschitz retraction from $X$ onto any compact convex subset of $X$ whose closed linear span is $X$. This is closely related to a well-known open problem raised by Godefroy and Ozawa in 2014 and represent the first known example with such a property.

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arXiv2023

The equivalence between CPCP and strong regularity under Krein-Milman property

We obtain a result in the spirit of the well-known W. Schachermeyer and H. P. Rosenthal research about the equivalence between Radon-Nikodym and Krein-Milman properties, by showing that, for closed, bounded and convex subsets C of a separable Banach space, under Krein-Milman property for $C$, one has the equivalence between convex point of continuity property and strong regularity both defined for every locally convex topology on C, containing the weak topology on C. Then, under Krein-Milman property, not only the classical convex point of continuity property and strong regularity are equivalent, but also when they are defined for an arbitrary locally convex topology containing the weak topology. We also show that while the unit ball $B$ of $c_0$ fails convex point of continuity property and strong regularity (both defined for the weak topology), threre is a locally convex topology $τ$ on $B$, containing the weak topology on $B$, such that $B$ still fails convex point of continuity property for $τ$, but $B$ surprisingly enjoys strong regularity for $τ$-open sets. Moreover, $B$ satisfies the diameter two property for the topology $τ$, that is, every nonempty $τ$-open subset of $B$ has diameter two even though every $τ$-open subset of $B$ contains convex combinations of relative $τ$-open subsets with arbitrarily small diameter, that is, $B$ fails the strong diameter two property for the topology $τ$. This stresses the known extreme differences up to now between those diameter two properties from a topological point of view.

math.FA↗

arXiv2022

On isometric embeddings into the set of strongly norm-attaining Lipschitz functions

In this paper, we provide an infinite metric space $M$ such that the set $\mbox{SNA}(M)$ of strongly norm-attaining Lipschitz functions does not contain a subspace which is isometric to $c_0$. This answers a question posed by Antonio Avilés, Gonzalo Martínez Cervantes, Abraham Rueda Zoca, and Pedro Tradacete. On the other hand, we prove that $\mbox{SNA}(M)$ contains an isometric copy of $c_0$ whenever $M$ is a metric space which is not uniformly discrete. In particular, the latter holds true for infinite compact metric spaces while it does not for proper metric spaces. Some positive results in the non-separable setting are also given.

math.FA↗

arXiv2022

On holomorphic functions attaining their weighted norms

We study holomorphic functions attaining weighted norms and its connections with the classical theory of norm attaining holomorphic functions. We prove that there are polynomials on $\ell_p$ which attain their weighted but not their supremum norm and viceversa. Nevertheless, we also prove that in the context of polynomials of fixed degree both norms are in fact equivalent. This leads us to the main problem of the paper, namely, whether the holomorphic functions attaining their weighted norm are dense. Although we exhibit an example where this does not hold, as the main theorem of our paper, we prove the denseness provided the domain space is uniformly convex. In fact, we provide a Bollobás type theorem in this setting. For the proof of such a result we develop a new geometric technique.

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arXiv2022

Compact Hölder retractions and nearest point maps

In this paper, two main results concerning uniformly continuous retractions are proved. First, an $α$-Hölder retraction from any separable Banach space onto a compact convex subset whose closed linear span is the whole space is constructed for every positive $α<1$. This constitutes a positive solution to a Hölder version of a question raised by Godefroy and Ozawa. In fact, compact convex sets are found to be absolute $α$-Hölder retracts under certain assumption of flatness. Second, we provide an example of a strictly convex Banach space $X$ arbitrarily close to $\ell_2$ (for the Banach Mazur distance) and a finite dimensional compact convex subset of $X$ for which the nearest point map is not uniformly continuous even when restricted to bounded sets.

math.FA↗

arXiv2022

Schauder basis in Lipschitz free spaces over nets of $\mathcal{L}_\infty$-spaces

In the present note we give a construction (based on a retractional argument) of a Schauder basis for the Lipschitz free space $\mathcal{F}(N)$, over a net $N$ in any separable infinite dimensional $\mathcal{L}_\infty$-space $X$. In particular, this yields the first example of an infinite dimensional Banach space $X$ not containing $c_0$ with such a property.

math.FA↗

arXiv2022

Retractions and the bounded approximation property in Banach spaces

In the present paper we prove that a necessary condition for a Banach space $X$ to admit a generating compact Lipschitz retract $K$, which satisfies an additional mild assumption on its shape, is that $X$ enjoys the Bounded Approximation Property. This is a partial solution to a question raised by Godefroy and Ozawa.

math.FA↗

arXiv2021

Schauder bases in Lipschitz free spaces over nets in Banach spaces

In the present note we give two explicit constructions (based on a retractional argument) of a Schauder basis for the Lipschitz free space $\mathcal{F}(N)$, over certain uniformly discrete metric spaces $N$. The first one applies to every net $N$ in a finite dimensional Banach space, leading to the basis constant independent of the dimension. The second one applies to grids in Banach spaces with an FDD. As a corollary, we obtain a retractional Schauder basis for the Lipschitz free space $\mathcal{F}(N)$ over a net $N$ in every Banach space $X$ with a Schauder basis containing a copy of $c_0$, as well as in every Banach space with a $c_0$-like FDD.

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arXiv2021

Compact retractions and Schauder decompositions in Banach spaces

In our note we show the very close connection between the existence of a Finite Dimensional Decomposition (FDD for short) for a separable Banach space $X$ and the existence of a Lipschitz retraction of $X$ onto a small (in a certain precise sense) generating convex and compact subset $K$ of $X$. In one direction, if $X$ admits an FDD then we construct a Lipschitz retraction onto a small generating convex and compact set $K$. On the other hand, we prove that if $X$ admits a small generating compact Lipschitz retract then $X$ has the $π$-property. We note that it is still unknown if the $π$-property is isomorphically equivalent to the existence of an FDD. For dual Banach spaces this is true, so our results lead in particular to a characterization of the FDD property for dual Banach spaces $X$ in terms of the existence of Lipschitz retractions onto small generating convex and compact subsets of $X$. It is conceivable that our results will find applications in the area of Lipschitz isomorphisms of Banach spaces. Our arguments make critical use of the Lipschitzization of coarse Lipschitz mappings due to J. Bourgain, and of an unpublished complementability result of V. Milman. We give an example of a small generating convex compact set which is not a Lipschitz retract of $C[0,1]$, although it is contained in a small convex Lipschitz retract and contains another one. In the last part of our note we characterize isomorphically Hilbertian spaces as those Banach spaces $X$ for which every convex and compact subset is a Lipschitz retract of $X$. Finally, we prove that a convex and compact set $K$ in any Banach space with a Uniformly Rotund in Every Direction norm is a uniform retract, of every bounded set containing it, via the nearest point map.

math.FA↗

arXiv2021

A characterization of the weak topology in the unit ball of purely atomic $L_1$ preduals

We study Banach spaces with a weak stable unit ball, that is Banach spaces where every convex combination of relatively weakly open subsets in its unit ball is again a relatively weakly open subset in its unit ball. It is proved that the class of $L_1$ preduals with a weak stable unit ball agree with those $L_1$ preduals which are purely atomic, that is preduals of $\ell_1(Γ)$ for some set $Γ$, getting in this way a complete geometrical characterization of purely atomic preduals of $L_1$, which answers a setting problem. As a consequence, we prove the equivalence for $L_1$ preduals of different properties previously studied by other authors, in terms of slices around weak stability. Also we get the weak stability of the unit ball of $C_0(K,X)$ whenever $K$ is a Hausdorff and scattered locally compact space and $X$ has a norm stable and weak stable unit ball, which gives the weak stability of the unit ball in $C_0(K,X)$ for finite-dimensional $X$ with a stable unit ball and $K$ as above. Finally we prove that Banach spaces with a weak stable unit ball satisfy a very strong new version of diameter two property.

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