arXiv subjects

Ruijie Zhu

Publications and source records attributed to Ruijie Zhu.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2024

ChronoMagic-Bench: A Benchmark for Metamorphic Evaluation of Text-to-Time-lapse Video Generation

We propose a novel text-to-video (T2V) generation benchmark, ChronoMagic-Bench, to evaluate the temporal and metamorphic capabilities of the T2V models (e.g. Sora and Lumiere) in time-lapse video generation. In contrast to existing benchmarks that focus on visual quality and textual relevance of generated videos, ChronoMagic-Bench focuses on the model's ability to generate time-lapse videos with significant metamorphic amplitude and temporal coherence. The benchmark probes T2V models for their physics, biology, and chemistry capabilities, in a free-form text query. For these purposes, ChronoMagic-Bench introduces 1,649 prompts and real-world videos as references, categorized into four major types of time-lapse videos: biological, human-created, meteorological, and physical phenomena, which are further divided into 75 subcategories. This categorization comprehensively evaluates the model's capacity to handle diverse and complex transformations. To accurately align human preference with the benchmark, we introduce two new automatic metrics, MTScore and CHScore, to evaluate the videos' metamorphic attributes and temporal coherence. MTScore measures the metamorphic amplitude, reflecting the degree of change over time, while CHScore assesses the temporal coherence, ensuring the generated videos maintain logical progression and continuity. Based on ChronoMagic-Bench, we conduct comprehensive manual evaluations of ten representative T2V models, revealing their strengths and weaknesses across different categories of prompts, and providing a thorough evaluation framework that addresses current gaps in video generation research. Moreover, we create a large-scale ChronoMagic-Pro dataset, containing 460k high-quality pairs of 720p time-lapse videos and detailed captions ensuring high physical pertinence and large metamorphic amplitude. [Homepage](https://pku-yuangroup.github.io/ChronoMagic-Bench/).

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

The RoboDepth Challenge: Methods and Advancements Towards Robust Depth Estimation

Accurate depth estimation under out-of-distribution (OoD) scenarios, such as adverse weather conditions, sensor failure, and noise contamination, is desirable for safety-critical applications. Existing depth estimation systems, however, suffer inevitably from real-world corruptions and perturbations and are struggled to provide reliable depth predictions under such cases. In this paper, we summarize the winning solutions from the RoboDepth Challenge -- an academic competition designed to facilitate and advance robust OoD depth estimation. This challenge was developed based on the newly established KITTI-C and NYUDepth2-C benchmarks. We hosted two stand-alone tracks, with an emphasis on robust self-supervised and robust fully-supervised depth estimation, respectively. Out of more than two hundred participants, nine unique and top-performing solutions have appeared, with novel designs ranging from the following aspects: spatial- and frequency-domain augmentations, masked image modeling, image restoration and super-resolution, adversarial training, diffusion-based noise suppression, vision-language pre-training, learned model ensembling, and hierarchical feature enhancement. Extensive experimental analyses along with insightful observations are drawn to better understand the rationale behind each design. We hope this challenge could lay a solid foundation for future research on robust and reliable depth estimation and beyond. The datasets, competition toolkit, workshop recordings, and source code from the winning teams are publicly available on the challenge website.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Plane2Depth: Hierarchical Adaptive Plane Guidance for Monocular Depth Estimation

Monocular depth estimation aims to infer a dense depth map from a single image, which is a fundamental and prevalent task in computer vision. Many previous works have shown impressive depth estimation results through carefully designed network structures, but they usually ignore the planar information and therefore perform poorly in low-texture areas of indoor scenes. In this paper, we propose Plane2Depth, which adaptively utilizes plane information to improve depth prediction within a hierarchical framework. Specifically, in the proposed plane guided depth generator (PGDG), we design a set of plane queries as prototypes to softly model planes in the scene and predict per-pixel plane coefficients. Then the predicted plane coefficients can be converted into metric depth values with the pinhole camera model. In the proposed adaptive plane query aggregation (APGA) module, we introduce a novel feature interaction approach to improve the aggregation of multi-scale plane features in a top-down manner. Extensive experiments show that our method can achieve outstanding performance, especially in low-texture or repetitive areas. Furthermore, under the same backbone network, our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the NYU-Depth-v2 dataset, achieves competitive results with state-of-the-art methods KITTI dataset and can be generalized to unseen scenes effectively.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

ScaleDepth: Decomposing Metric Depth Estimation into Scale Prediction and Relative Depth Estimation

Estimating depth from a single image is a challenging visual task. Compared to relative depth estimation, metric depth estimation attracts more attention due to its practical physical significance and critical applications in real-life scenarios. However, existing metric depth estimation methods are typically trained on specific datasets with similar scenes, facing challenges in generalizing across scenes with significant scale variations. To address this challenge, we propose a novel monocular depth estimation method called ScaleDepth. Our method decomposes metric depth into scene scale and relative depth, and predicts them through a semantic-aware scale prediction (SASP) module and an adaptive relative depth estimation (ARDE) module, respectively. The proposed ScaleDepth enjoys several merits. First, the SASP module can implicitly combine structural and semantic features of the images to predict precise scene scales. Second, the ARDE module can adaptively estimate the relative depth distribution of each image within a normalized depth space. Third, our method achieves metric depth estimation for both indoor and outdoor scenes in a unified framework, without the need for setting the depth range or fine-tuning model. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method attains state-of-the-art performance across indoor, outdoor, unconstrained, and unseen scenes. Project page: https://ruijiezhu94.github.io/ScaleDepth

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Tensor Decomposition Based Attention Module for Spiking Neural Networks

The attention mechanism has been proven to be an effective way to improve spiking neural network (SNN). However, based on the fact that the current SNN input data flow is split into tensors to process on GPUs, none of the previous works consider the properties of tensors to implement an attention module. This inspires us to rethink current SNN from the perspective of tensor-relevant theories. Using tensor decomposition, we design the \textit{projected full attention} (PFA) module, which demonstrates excellent results with linearly growing parameters. Specifically, PFA is composed by the \textit{linear projection of spike tensor} (LPST) module and \textit{attention map composing} (AMC) module. In LPST, we start by compressing the original spike tensor into three projected tensors using a single property-preserving strategy with learnable parameters for each dimension. Then, in AMC, we exploit the inverse procedure of the tensor decomposition process to combine the three tensors into the attention map using a so-called connecting factor. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed PFA module, we integrate it into the widely used VGG and ResNet architectures for classification tasks. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on both static and dynamic benchmark datasets, surpassing the existing SNN models with Transformer-based and CNN-based backbones.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2024

EC-Depth: Exploring the consistency of self-supervised monocular depth estimation in challenging scenes

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation holds significant importance in the fields of autonomous driving and robotics. However, existing methods are typically trained and tested on standard datasets, overlooking the impact of various adverse conditions prevalent in real-world applications, such as rainy days. As a result, it is commonly observed that these methods struggle to handle these challenging scenarios. To address this issue, we present EC-Depth, a novel self-supervised two-stage framework to achieve a robust depth estimation. In the first stage, we propose depth consistency regularization to propagate reliable supervision from standard to challenging scenes. In the second stage, we adopt the Mean Teacher paradigm and propose a novel consistency-based pseudo-label filtering strategy to improve the quality of pseudo-labels, further improving both the accuracy and robustness of our model. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves accurate and consistent depth predictions in both standard and challenging scenarios, surpassing existing state-of-the-art methods on KITTI, KITTI-C, DrivingStereo, and NuScenes-Night benchmarks.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

A generative artificial intelligence framework based on a molecular diffusion model for the design of metal-organic frameworks for carbon capture

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit great promise for CO2 capture. However, finding the best performing materials poses computational and experimental grand challenges in view of the vast chemical space of potential building blocks. Here, we introduce GHP-MOFassemble, a generative artificial intelligence (AI), high performance framework for the rational and accelerated design of MOFs with high CO2 adsorption capacity and synthesizable linkers. GHP-MOFassemble generates novel linkers, assembled with one of three pre-selected metal nodes (Cu paddlewheel, Zn paddlewheel, Zn tetramer) into MOFs in a primitive cubic topology. GHP-MOFassemble screens and validates AI-generated MOFs for uniqueness, synthesizability, structural validity, uses molecular dynamics simulations to study their stability and chemical consistency, and crystal graph neural networks and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations to quantify their CO2 adsorption capacities. We present the top six AI-generated MOFs with CO2 capacities greater than 2 $m mol/g$, i.e., higher than 96.9% of structures in the hypothetical MOF dataset.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2023

TIFace: Improving Facial Reconstruction through Tensorial Radiance Fields and Implicit Surfaces

This report describes the solution that secured the first place in the "View Synthesis Challenge for Human Heads (VSCHH)" at the ICCV 2023 workshop. Given the sparse view images of human heads, the objective of this challenge is to synthesize images from novel viewpoints. Due to the complexity of textures on the face and the impact of lighting, the baseline method TensoRF yields results with significant artifacts, seriously affecting facial reconstruction. To address this issue, we propose TI-Face, which improves facial reconstruction through tensorial radiance fields (T-Face) and implicit surfaces (I-Face), respectively. Specifically, we employ an SAM-based approach to obtain the foreground mask, thereby filtering out intense lighting in the background. Additionally, we design mask-based constraints and sparsity constraints to eliminate rendering artifacts effectively. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed improvements and superior performance of our method on face reconstruction. The code will be available at https://github.com/RuijieZhu94/TI-Face.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

End-to-end AI framework for interpretable prediction of molecular and crystal properties

We introduce an end-to-end computational framework that allows for hyperparameter optimization using the DeepHyper library, accelerated model training, and interpretable AI inference. The framework is based on state-of-the-art AI models including CGCNN, PhysNet, SchNet, MPNN, MPNN-transformer, and TorchMD-NET. We employ these AI models along with the benchmark QM9, hMOF, and MD17 datasets to showcase how the models can predict user-specified material properties within modern computing environments. We demonstrate transferable applications in the modeling of small molecules, inorganic crystals and nanoporous metal organic frameworks with a unified, standalone framework. We have deployed and tested this framework in the ThetaGPU supercomputer at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, and in the Delta supercomputer at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications to provide researchers with modern tools to conduct accelerated AI-driven discovery in leadership-class computing environments. We release these digital assets as open source scientific software in GitLab, and ready-to-use Jupyter notebooks in Google Colab.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2023

Correlating research octane numbers of gasoline surrogates with high temperature oxidation characteristics

Due to the rapid combustion nature of gasolines, most of the experimental measurements of research octane number (RON) could only yield macroscopic quantities such as ignition delay time and pressure variations, but fail to yield microscopic quantities such as the time evolution of number of species, which limits deep understanding of combustion mechanisms. In this work, molecular simulation was employed to reveal the correlation between the RON of gasoline surrogates and their combustion behaviors. Results show that the time of turning point obtained from the potential energy profile exhibits a strong linear correlation with RON, whereas the number of hydroxyl radicals per molecule at equilibrium has a clear negative correlation with RON, which makes both of them good features for predicting the antiknock ability of fuels.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2022

Multi-Agent Broad Reinforcement Learning for Intelligent Traffic Light Control

Intelligent Traffic Light Control System (ITLCS) is a typical Multi-Agent System (MAS), which comprises multiple roads and traffic lights.Constructing a model of MAS for ITLCS is the basis to alleviate traffic congestion. Existing approaches of MAS are largely based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL). Although the Deep Neural Network (DNN) of MABRL is effective, the training time is long, and the parameters are difficult to trace. Recently, Broad Learning Systems (BLS) provided a selective way for learning in the deep neural networks by a flat network. Moreover, Broad Reinforcement Learning (BRL) extends BLS in Single Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (SADRL) problem with promising results. However, BRL does not focus on the intricate structures and interaction of agents. Motivated by the feature of MADRL and the issue of BRL, we propose a Multi-Agent Broad Reinforcement Learning (MABRL) framework to explore the function of BLS in MAS. Firstly, unlike most existing MADRL approaches, which use a series of deep neural networks structures, we model each agent with broad networks. Then, we introduce a dynamic self-cycling interaction mechanism to confirm the "3W" information: When to interact, Which agents need to consider, What information to transmit. Finally, we do the experiments based on the intelligent traffic light control scenario. We compare the MABRL approach with six different approaches, and experimental results on three datasets verify the effectiveness of MABRL.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2019

Crowd Behavior Simulation with Emotional Contagion in Unexpected Multi-hazard Situations

In this paper we present a novel crowd simulation method by modeling the generation and contagion of panic emotion under multi-hazard circumstances. Specifically, we first classify hazards into different types (transient and persistent, concurrent and non-concurrent, static and dynamic ) based on their inherent characteristics. Then, we introduce the concept of perilous field for each hazard and further transform the critical level of the field to its invoked-panic emotion. After that, we propose an emotional contagion model to simulate the evolving process of panic emotion caused by multiple hazards in these situations. Finally, we introduce an Emotional Reciprocal Velocity Obstacles (ERVO) model to simulate the crowd behaviors by augmenting the traditional RVO model with emotional contagion, which combines the emotional impact and local avoidance together for the first time. Our experimental results show that this method can soundly generate realistic group behaviors as well as panic emotion dynamics in a crowd in multi-hazard environments.

cs.MA↗