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S. Das Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to S. Das Gupta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2023

Search for the origin of wobbling motion in the $ A \approx 130 $ region: The case of $^{131}$Xe

In-beam $ γ$-ray spectroscopy of $^{131}$Xe has been carried out to study the structure of the intruder $ νh_{11/2} $ band. Excited states were populated via an $ α$-induced fusion-evaporation reaction at E$ _α = 38 $ MeV. Inspection of $ γγ$-coincidence data resulted in the identification of a new rotational sequence. Based on the systematics of excitation energy, assigned spin-parity, decay pattern, and the electromagnetic character of the inter-band $ ΔI = 1 $ $ γ$-transitions, this sequence is proposed as the unfavoured signature partner of the $ νh_{11/2} $ band. The structure of this band is further illuminated in the light of the triaxial particle rotor model (TPRM). The possibility of wobbling excitation in $ N = 77 $ Xe-Ba-Ce isotones has been explored in a systematic manner.

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arXiv2021

Statistical and dynamical bimodality in multifragmentation reactions

The bimodal behavior of the order parameter is studied in the framework of Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) transport model. In order to do that, simplified yet accurate method of BUU model is used which allow calculation of fluctuations in systems much larger than what was considered feasible in a well-known and already existing model. It is observed that depending on the projectile energy and centrality of the reaction, both entrance channel and exit channel effects can be at the origin of the experimentally observed bimodal behavior. Both dynamical and statistical bimodality mechanisms are associated in the theoretical model to different time scales of the reaction, and to different energy regimes.

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arXiv2021

New signatures of phase transition from Statistical Models of Nuclear multifragmentation

The study of liquid-gas phase transition in heavy ion collisions has generated a lot of interest amongst the nuclear physicists in the recent years. In heavy ion collisions, there is no direct way of measuring the state variables like entropy, pressure, energy and hence unambiguous characterization of phase transition becomes difficult. This work proposes new signatures of phase transition that can be extracted from the observables which are easily accessible in experiments. It is observed that the temperature dependence of the first order derivative of the order parameters in nuclear liquid gas phase transition exhibit similar behavior as that of the variation of specific heat at constant volume Cv which is an established signature of first order phase transition. This motivates us to propose these derivatives as confirmatory signals of liquid-gas phase transition. The measurement of these signals in easily feasible in most experiments as compared to the other signatures like specific heat, caloric curve or bimodality. Total multiplicity, size of largest cluster are some of the order parameters which have been studied. Statistical Models based on canonical ensemble and lattice gas model has been used for the study. This temperature where the peak appears is designated to be the transition temperature and the effect of certain parameters on this has also been examined. The multiplicity derivative signature proposed in this work has been further confirmed by other theoretical models as well as in experimental study.

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arXiv2020

Nuclear Multifragmentation: Basic Concepts

We present a brief overview of nuclear multifragmentation reaction. Basic formalism of canonical thermodynamical model based on equilibrium statistical mechanics is described. This model is used to calculate basic observables of nuclear multifragmentation like mass distribution, fragment multiplicity, isotopic distribution and isoscaling. Extension of canonical thermodynamical model to a projectile fragmentation model is outlined. Application of the projectile fragmentation model for calculating average number of intermediate mass fragments and the average size of largest cluster at different $Z_{bound}$, differential charge distribution and cross-section of neutron rich nuclei of different projectile fragmentation reactions at different energies are described. Application of nuclear multifragmentation reaction in basic research as well as in other domains is outlined.

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arXiv2020

First Observation of Multiple Transverse Wobbling Bands of Different Kinds in $^{183}$Au

We report the first observation of two wobbling bands in $^{183}$Au, both of which were interpreted as the transverse wobbling (TW) band but with different behavior of their wobbling energies as a function of spin. It increases (decreases) with spin for the positive (negative) parity configuration. The crucial evidence for the wobbling nature of the bands, dominance of the $E2$ component in the $ΔI = 1$ transitions between the partner bands, is provided by the simultaneous measurements of directional correlation from the oriented states (DCO) ratio and the linear polarization of the $γ$ rays. Particle rotor model calculations with triaxial deformation reproduce the experimental data well. A value of spin, $I_m$, has been determined for the observed TW bands below which the wobbling energy increases and above which it decreases with spin. The nucleus $^{183}$Au is, so far, the only nucleus in which both the increasing and the decreasing parts are observed and thus gives the experimental evidence of the complete transverse wobbling phenomenon.

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arXiv2019

Spectroscopy of $^{196}$Hg using Digital INGA at VECC, Kolkata

Spectroscopic investigation of the $^{196}$Hg (Z=80, N=116) was carried out using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) setup at the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata. Analysis of the acquired data led to the identification of new $γ$-ray transitions and levels in the excitation pattern of the nucleus along with the spin-parity assignments thereof. The latter were either previously absent or had been tentatively identified. Theoretical interpretation of the level structure obtained from these efforts can be pursued with appropriate model calculations.

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arXiv2016

Bimodality emerges from transport model calculations of heavy ion collisions at intermediate energy

This work is a continuation of our effort [Phys. Rev. C 91, 034616 (2015)] to examine if signatures of a phase transition can be extracted from transport model calculations of heavy ion collisions at intermediate energy. A signature of first order phase transition is the appearance of a bimodal distribution in $P_m(k)$ in finite systems. Here P_m(k) is the probability that the maximum of the multiplicity distribution occurs at mass number k. Using a well-known model for event generation (BUU plus fluctuation), we do two cases of central collision: mass 40 on mass 40 and mass 120 on mass 120. Bimodality is seen in both the cases. The results are quite similar to those obtained in statistical model calculations. An intriguing feature is seen. We observe that at the energy where bimodality occurs. other phase transition like signatures appear. There are breaks in certain first order derivatives. We then examine if such breaks appear in standard Botzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations without fluctuations. They do. The implication is interesting. If first order phase transition occurs, it may be possible to recognise that from ordinary BUU calculation. Probably the reason this was not seen already is because this aspect was not investigated before.

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arXiv2015

Event simulations in a transport model for intermediate energy heavy ion collisions: Applications to multiplicity distributions

We perform transport model calculations for central collisions of mass 120 on mass 120 at laboratory beam energy in the range 20 MeV/nucleon to 200 MeV/nucleon. A simplified yet accurate method allows calculation of fluctuations in systems much larger than what was considered feasible in a well-known and already existing model. The calculations produce clusters. The distribution of clusters is remarkably similar to that obtained in equilibrium statistical model.

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arXiv2015

A hybrid model for studying nuclear multifragmentation around Fermi energy domain: Case for central collision of Xe on Sn

Experimental data for central collisions of $^{129}$Xe on $^{119}$Sn at beam energies of (a) 32 MeV/nucleon, (b) 39 MeV/nucleon, (c) 45 MeV/nucleon and (d) 50 MeV/nucleon are compared with results calculated using a hybrid model. We use a transport model (BUU) to obtain the excitation energy per nucleon in the center of mass of the multifragmenting system. The canonical thermodynamic model is then used to determine the temperature which would lead to this excitation energy. With this temperature we use the canonical thermodynamic model to calculate various experimental data such as multiplicities of different composites, probability distribution of the largest cluster etc. Agreement with data establishes the validity of the model.

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arXiv2014

Role of p-induced population of medium mass(A $\sim$ 150) neutron rich nuclei

Excitation functions were measured by stacked-foil activation technique for the $^{150}$Nd(p, xpyn) reaction using 97.65$%$ enriched $^{150}$Nd target. Measurement up to $\sim$50$%$ above barrier and down to 18$%$ below the barrier was performed using proton beam energy (E$_p$) of 7 - 15 MeV from VECC Cyclotron. The yield of suitable $γ$ rays emitted following the decay of relevant evaporation residues was determined using a 50$%$ High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector.(p,n) cross section was found to follow the expected trend with a maximum value of 63.7(4.9)mb at E$_p$ $\sim$ 8.6 MeV. (p,2n) cross section gradually increased with E$_p$ and had maximum contribution to the total reaction cross section after E$_p$ $\sim$ 9.0 MeV. (p, p$^{\prime}$n) reaction channel also showed a reasonable yield with a threshold of E$_p$ $\sim$ 12.0 MeV. The experimental data were corroborated with statistical model calculations using different codes, viz., CASCADE, ALICE/91 and EMPIRE3.1. All the calculations using a suitable set of global parameters could reproduce the excitation function fairly well in the present energy range.

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arXiv2013

Temperature of projectile like fragments in heavy ion collisions

A model in which a projectile like fragment can be simply regarded as a remnant after removal of some part of the projectile leads to an excited fragment. This excitation energy can be calculated with a Hamiltonian that gives correct nuclear matter binding, compressibility and density distribution in finite nuclei. In heavy ion collisions the model produces a dependence of excitation energy on impact parameter which appears to be correct but the magnitude of the excitation energy falls short. It is argued that dynamic effects left out in the model will increase this magnitude. The model can be directly extended to include dynamics but at the expense of increased computation. For many calculations for observables, a temperature is an easier tool to use rather than an excitation energy. Hence temperature dependences on impact parameter in heavy ion collisions are displayed.

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arXiv2013

Estimates for temperature in projectile like fragment in geometric and transport models

Projectile like fragments emerging from heavy ion collision have an excitation energy which is often labeled by a temperature. This temperature was recently calculated using a geometric model. We expand the geometric model to include also dynamic effects using a transport model. The temperatures so deduced agree quite well with values of temperature needed to fit experimental data.

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arXiv2013

A model for projectile fragmentation

A model for projectile fragmentation is developed whose origin can be traced back to the Bevalac era. The model positions itself between the phenomenological EPAX parametrization and transport models like "Heavy Ion Phase Space Exploration" (HIPSE) model and antisymmetrised molecular dynamics (AMD) model. A very simple impact parameter dependence of input temperature is incorporated in the model which helps to analyze the more peripheral collisions. The model is applied to calculate the charge, isotopic distributions, average number of intermediate mass fragments and the average size of largest cluster at different Z_{bound} of different projectile fragmentation reactions at different energies.

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arXiv2011

Improvements to model of projectile fragmentation

In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. C 044612 (2011)] we proposed a model for calculating cross-sections of various reaction products which arise from disintegration of projectile like fragment resulting from heavy ion collisions at intermediate or higher energy. The model has three parts: (1) abrasion, (2) disintegration of the hot abraded projectile like fragment (PLF) into nucleons and primary composites using a model of equilibrium statistical mechanics and (3) possible evaporation of hot primary composites. It was assumed that the PLF resulting from abrasion has one temperature T. Data suggested that while just one value of T seemed adequate for most cross-sections calculations, it failed when dealing with very peripheral collisions. We have now introduced a variable T=T(b) where b is the impact parameter of the collision. We argue there are data which not only show that T must be a function of b but, in addition, also point to an approximate value of T for a given b. We propose a very simple formula: T(b)=D_0+D_1(A_s(b)/A_0) where A_s(b) is the mass of the abraded PLF and A_0 is the mass of the projectile; D_0 and D_1 are constants. Using this model we compute cross-sections for several collisions and compare with data.

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arXiv2010

Model for projectile fragmentation: case study for Ni on Ta, Be and Xe on Al

For projectile fragmentation we work out details of a model whose origin can be traced back to the Bevalac era. The model positions itself between the phenomenological EPAX parametrization and microscopic transport models like "Heavy Ion Phase Space Exploration Model" (HIPSE) and antisymmetrised molecular dynamics(AMD). We apply the model to some recent data of projectile fragmentation of Ni on Ta and Be at beam energy 140 MeV/nucleon and some older data of Xe on Al at beam energy 790 MeV/nucleon. Reasonable values of cross-sections for various composites populated in the reactions are obtained.

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arXiv2010

Discovery of the shape coexisting 0+ state in 32Mg by a two neutron transfer reaction

The Island of Inversion nucleus 32Mg has been studied by a (t,p) two neutron transfer reaction in inverse kinematics at REX-ISOLDE. The shape coexistent excited 0+ state in 32Mg has been identified by the characteristic angular distribution of the protons of the DeltaL = 0 transfer. The excitation energy of 1058 keV is much lower than predicted by any theoretical model. The low gamma-ray intensity observed for the decay of this 0+ state indicates a lifetime of more than 10 ns. Deduced spectroscopic amplitudes are compared with occupation numbers from shell model calculations.

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arXiv2010

Model for hypernucleus production in heavy ion collisions

We estimate the production cross sections of hypernuclei in projectile like fragment (PLF) in heavy ion collisions. The discussed scenario for the formation cross section of hypernucleus is: (a) Lambda particles are produced in the participant region but have a considerable rapidity spread and (b) Lambda with rapidity close to that of the PLF and total momentum (in the rest system of PLF) up to Fermi motion can then be trapped and produce hypernuclei. The process (a) is considered here within Heavy Ion Jet Interacting Generator HIJING-BBbar model and the process (b) in the canonical thermodynamic model (CTM). We estimate the production cross-sections for light hypernuclei for C + C at 3.7 GeV total nucleon-nucleon center of mass energy and for Ne+Ne and Ar+Ar collisions at 5.0 GeV. By taking into account explicitly the impact parameter dependence of the colliding systems, it is found that the cross section is different from that predicted by the coalescence model and large discrepancy is obtained for 6_He and 9_Be hypernuclei.

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