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S. Donev

Publications and source records attributed to S. Donev.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

How to Describe Photons as (3+1)-Solitons?

This paper aims to present the pure field part of the newly developed nonlinear {\it Extended Electrodynamics} [1]-[3] in non-relativistic terms, i.e. in terms of the electric and magnetic vector fields (${\mathbf E},{\mathbf B}$), and to give explicitly those (3+1)-soliton solutions of the new equations which have the integral properties of photons. The set of solutions to the new equations contains all solutions to Maxwell's equations as a subclass, as well as, new solutions, called nonlinear. The important characteristics {\it scale factor}, {\it amplitude function}, and {\it phase function} of a nonlinear solution are defined in a coordinate free way and effectively used. The nonlinear solutions are identified through the non-zero values of two appropriately defined vector fields $\vec{\cal F}$ and $\vec{\cal M}$, as well as, through the finite values of the corresponding scale factors. The intrinsic angular momentum (spin) is also defined. A limited superposition principle (interference of nonlinear solutions), yielding the well known classical {\it coherence} conditions, is found to exist.

physics.optics

Fermion Quasi-Spherical Harmonics

Spherical Harmonics, $Y_\ell^m(θ,ϕ)$, are derived and presented (in a Table) for half-odd-integer values of $\ell$ and $m$. These functions are eigenfunctions of $L^2$ and $L_z$ written as differential operators in the spherical-polar angles, $θ$ and $ϕ$. The Fermion Spherical Harmonics are a new, scalar and angular-coordinate-dependent representation of fermion spin angular momentum. They have $4π$ symmetry in the angle $ϕ$, and hence are not single-valued functions on the Euclidean unit sphere; they are double-valued functions on the sphere, or alternatively are interpreted as having a double-sphere as their domain.

math-ph

Extended Electrodynamics: III. Free Photons and (3+1)-Soliton- like Vacuum Solutions

This paper aims to give explicitly all non-linear vacuum solutions to our non-linear field equations, and to define in a coordinate free manner the important subclass of non-linear solutions, which we call almost photon-like. By means of a correct introduction of the local and integral intrinsic angular momentums of these solutions, we saparate the photon-like solutions through the requirement their integral intrinsic angular momentums to be equal to the Planck's constant. Finally, we consider such solutions, moving radially to or from a given center, using standard spherical coordinates.

patt-sol

Extended Electrodynamics: II. Properties and invariant characteristics of the non-linear vacuum solutions

This paper aims to consider the general properties of the non-linear solutions to the vacuum equations of Extended Electrodynamics. The *-invariance and the conformal invariance of the equations are mentioned. It is also proved that all non-linear solutions have zero invariants: F_{μν}F^{μν} = (*F)_{μν}F^{μν} = 0. The three invariant characteristics of the non-linear solutions: amplitude, phase and scale factor are introdiced and discussed.

patt-sol

Extended Electrodynamics I. Basic Notions, Principles and Equations

This paper aims to present an elaborate view on the motivation and realization of the idea to extend Maxwell's electrodynamics to Extended Electrodynamics in a reasonable and appropriate way in order to make it possible to describe electromagnetic (3+1)-soliton-like objects in vacuum and in the presence of continuous media (external fields), exchanging energy-momentum with the electromagnetic field.

patt-sol