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S. K. J. Pacif

Publications and source records attributed to S. K. J. Pacif.

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$f(Q,T)$ gravity models with observational constraints

The paper presents late time cosmology in $f(Q,T)$ gravity where the dark energy is purely geometric in nature. We start by employing a well motivated $f(Q,T)$ gravity model, $f(Q,T)=mQ^{n}+bT$ where $m,n$ and $b$ are model parameters. Additionally we also assume the universe to be dominated by pressure-less matter which yields a power law type scale factor of the form $% a(t)=c_{2}(At+c_{1})^{\frac{1}{A}}$, where $A=\dfrac{3(8π+b)}{n(16π+3b)% }$ and $c_{1}$ \& $c_{2}$ are just integration constants. To investigate the cosmological viability of the model, constraints on the model parameters were imposed from the updated 57 points of Hubble data sets and 580 points of union 2.1 compilation supernovae data sets. We have thoroughly investigated the nature of geometrical dark energy mimicked by the parametrization of $f(Q,T)=mQ^{n}+bT$ with the assistance of statefinder diagnostic in $\{s,r\}$ and $\{q,r\}$ planes and also performed the $Om$ -diagnostic analysis. The present analysis makes it clear-cut that $f(Q,T)$ gravity can be promising in addressing the current cosmic acceleration and therefore a suitable alternative to the dark energy problem. Further studies in other cosmological areas are therefore encouraging to further investigate the viability of $f(Q,T)$ gravity.

gr-qc↗

Dark energy models from a parametrization of $H$: A comprehensive analysis and observational constraints

The presented paper is a comprehensive analysis of two dark energy (DE) cosmological models wherein exact solutions of the Einstein field equations (EFEs) are obtained in a model-independent way (or by cosmological parametrization). A simple parametrization of the Hubble parameter ($H$) is considered for the purpose in the flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) background. The parametrization of $H$ covers some known models for some specific values of the model parameters involved. Two models are of special interest which show the behavior of cosmological phase transition from the deceleration in the past to acceleration at late-times. The model parameters are constrained with $57$ points of Hubble datasets together with the $580$ points of Union $2.1$ compilation supernovae datasets and baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) datasets. With the constrained values of the model parameters, both the models are analyzed and compared with the standard $Λ$CDM model and showing nice fit to the datasets. Two different candidates of DE is considered, cosmological constant $% Λ$ and a general scalar field $ϕ$ and their dynamics are discussed on the geometrical base built. The geometrical and physical interpretations of the two models in consideration are discussed in details and the evolution of various cosmological parameters are shown graphically. The age of the Universe in both models are also calculated. Various cosmological parametrization schemes used in the past few decades to find exact solutions of the EFEs are also summarized at the end which can serve as a unified reference for the readers.

physics.gen-ph↗

Accelerating Universe in Hybrid and Logarithmic Teleparallel Gravity

Teleparallel gravity is a modified theory of gravity for which the Ricci scalar $R$ of the underlying geometry in the action is replaced by an arbitrary functional form of torsion scalar $T$. In doing so, cosmology in $% f(T)$ gravity becomes greatly simplified owing to the fact that $T$ contains only the first derivatives of the vierbeins. The article exploits this appealing nature of $f(T)$ gravity and present cosmological scenarios from hybrid and logarithmic teleparallel gravity models of the form $% f=e^{mT}T^n $ and $f=D\log(bT)$ respectively, where $m$, $n$, $D$ and $b$ are free parameters constrained to suffice the late time acceleration. We employ a well motivated parametrization of the deceleration parameter having just one degree of freedom constrained with a $χ^{2}$ test from 57 data points of Hubble data set in the redshift range $0.07<z<2.36$, to obtain the expressions of pressure, density and EoS parameter for both the teleparallel gravity models and study their temporal evolution. We find the deceleration parameter to experience a signature flipping for the $χ^{2}$ value of the free parameter at $z_{tr}\simeq0.6$ which is consistent with latest Planck measurements. Next, we present few geometric diagnostics of this parametrization to understand the nature of dark energy and its deviation from the $Λ$CDM cosmology. Finally, we study the energy conditions to check the consistency of the parameter spaces for both the teleparallel gravity models. We find the SEC to violate for both the models which is an essential recipe to obtain an accelerating universe.

physics.gen-ph↗

Viability of the $R+e^T$ cosmology

We propose a new theoretical approach for a cosmological model, which starts from an exponential of the trace of the energy-momentum tensor-dependence on the gravitational action, to be summed to the Ricci scalar. We derive the referred field equations and Friedmann-like equations. We derive the scale factor, Hubble parameter and deceleration parameter, in terms of both time and redshift. In possession of those parameters in terms of the redshift, we confront their predictions with the observational Hubble dataset and the outcomes are pretty satisfactory so that the model can be seen as a new alternative to the cosmological constant problem. We also present the statefinder diagnostic and discuss profoundly the dynamical behaviour of the model.

gr-qc↗

An Accelerating Cosmological Model from a Parametrization of Hubble Parameter

In view of late-time cosmic acceleration, a dark energy cosmological model is revisited wherein Einstein's cosmological constant is considered as a candidate of dark energy. Exact solution of Einstein field equations (EFEs) is derived in a homogeneous isotropic background in classical general relativity. The solution procedure is adopted, in a model independent way (or the cosmological parametrization). A simple parametrization of the Hubble parameter (H) as a function of cosmic time `t' is considered which produces an exponential type of evolution of the scale factor (a) and also shows a negative value of deceleration parameter at the present time with a signature flip from early deceleration to late acceleration. Cosmological dynamics of the model obtained have been discussed illustratively for different phases of the evolution of the universe. The evolution of different cosmological parameters are shown graphically for at and closed cases of Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time for the presented model (open case is incompatible to the present scenario). We have also constrained our model parameters with the updated (36 points) observational Hubble dataset.

gr-qc↗

Cosmic acceleration sourced by modification of gravity without extra degrees of freedom

In this paper, we investigate a scenario in which late time cosmic acceleration might arise due to coupling between dark matter and baryonic matter without resorting to dark energy or large scale modification of gravity associated with extra degrees of freedom. The scenario can give rise to late time acceleration in Jordan frame and no acceleration in Einstein frame - \textit{generic modification of gravity} caused by disformal coupling. Using a simple parametrization of the coupling function, in maximally disformal case, we constrain the model parameters by using the age constraints due to globular cluster data. We also obtain observational constraints on the parameters using $H(z)+SNIa+BAO$ data sets. In this case, we distinguish between phantom and non phantom acceleration and show that the model can give rise to phantom behavior in a narrow region of parameter space.

gr-qc↗

Cosmic acceleration from coupling of baryonic and dark matter components: Analysis and diagnostics

In this paper, we examine a scenario in which late-time cosmic acceleration might arise due to the coupling between baryonic matter and dark matter without the presence of extra degrees of freedom. In this case, one can obtain late-time acceleration in Jordan frame and not in Einstein frame. We consider two different forms of parametrization of the coupling function, and put constraints on the model parameters by using an integrated datasets of Hubble parameter, Type Ia supernova and baryon acoustic oscillations. The models under consideration are consistent with the observations. In addition, we perform the statefinder and $Om$ diagnostics, and show that the models exhibit a distinctive behavior due to the phantom characteristic in future which is a generic feature of the underlying scenario.

gr-qc↗

Analysis with observational constraints in $ Λ$-cosmology in $f(R,T)$ gravity

An exact cosmological solution of Einstein field equations (EFEs) is derived for a dynamical vacuum energy in $f(R,T)$ gravity for Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time. A parametrization of the Hubble parameter is used to find a deterministic solution of EFE. The cosmological dynamics of our model is discussed in detail. We have analyzed the time evolution of physical parameters and obtained their bounds analytically. Moreover, the behavior of these parameters are shown graphically in terms of redshift $`z'$. Our model is consistent with the formation of structure in the Universe. The role of the $f(R,T)$ coupling constant $λ$ is discussed in the evolution of the equation of state parameter. The statefinder and Om diagnostic analysis is used to distinguish our model with other dark energy models. The maximum likelihood analysis has been reviewed to obtain the constraints on the Hubble parameter $H_0$ and the model parameter $n$ by taking into account the observational Hubble data set $H(z)$, the Union 2.1 compilation data set $SNeIa$, the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation data $BAO$, and the joint data set $H(z)$ + $ SNeIa$ and $H(z)$ + $SNeIa$ + $BAO $. It is demonstrated that the model is in good agreement with various observations.

physics.gen-ph↗

Bouncing cosmology in $f(R,T)$ gravity

A cosmological model with a specific form of the Hubble parameter is constructed in a flat homogeneous, and isotropic background in the framework of $f(R, T)$ gravity, where $R$ is the scalar curvature and $T$ is the trace of the stress-energy-momentum tensor. The proposed functional form of the Hubble parameter is taken in such a way that it fulfills the successful bouncing criteria to find the solution of the gravitational field equations provided the Universe is free from initial singularity. The various constraints on the parameters are involved in the functional form of the Hubble parameter which is analyzed in detail. In addition, we explore physical and geometrical consequences of the model based on the imposed constraints. Furthermore, we demonstrate the bouncing scenario which are realized in our model with some particular values of the model parameters. As a result, we find that all of the necessary conditions are satisfied for a successful bouncing model.

gr-qc↗

Anisotropic cosmological models with two fluids

In this paper, aniostropic dark energy cosmological models have been constructed in a Bianchi-V space-time with the energy momentum tensor consisting of two non-interacting fluids namely bulk viscous fluid and dark energy fluid. Two different models are constructed based on the power law cosmology and de Sitter universe. The constructed model also embedded with different pressure gradients along different spatial directions. The variable equation of state (EoS) parameter, skewness parameters for both the models are obtained and analyzed. The physical properties of the models obtained with the use of scale factors of power law and de Sitter law are also presented.

gr-qc↗

Statefinder diagnostic for modified Chaplygin gas cosmology in f(R,T) gravity with particle creation

In this paper, we have studied flat Friedmann--Lema\^ıtre--Robertson--Walker (FLRW) model with modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) having equation of state $p_{m}=Aρ-% \frac{B}{ρ^{γ}}$, where $0\leq A\leq 1$, $0\leq γ\leq 1$ and $B$ is any positive constant in }${\footnotesize f(R,T)}${\footnotesize \ gravity with particle creation. We have considered a simple parametrization of the Hubble parameter $H$ in order to solve the field equations and discussed the time evolution of different cosmological parameters for some obtained models showing unique behavior of scale factor. We have also discussed the statefinder diagnostic pair $\{r,s\}$ that characterizes the evolution of obtained models and explore their stability. The physical consequences of the models and their kinematic behaviors have also been scrutinized here in some detail.

gr-qc↗

Dark Energy Cosmological Models with General forms of Scale Factor

In this paper, we have constructed dark energy models in an anisotropic Bianchi-V space-time and studied the role of anisotropy in the evolution of dark energy. We have considered anisotropic dark energy fluid with different pressure gradients along different spatial directions. In order to obtain a deterministic solution, we have considered three general forms of scale factor. The different forms of scale factors considered here produce time varying deceleration parameters in all the cases that simulates the cosmic transition. The variable equation of state (EoS) parameter, skewness parameters for all the models are obtained and analyzed. The physical properties of the models are also discussed.

physics.gen-ph↗

LRS Bianchi type-I cosmological model with constant deceleration parameter in $f(R,T)$ gravity

A spatially homogeneous anisotropic LRS Bianchi type-I cosmological model is studied in $f(R,T)$ gravity with a special form of Hubble's parameter, which leads to constant deceleration parameter. The parameters involved in the considered form of Hubble parameter can be tuned to match, our models with the $Λ$CDM model. With the present observed value of the deceleration parameter, we have discussed physical and kinematical properties of a specific model. Moreover, we have discussed the cosmological distances for our model.

gr-qc↗

Dynamics of Bianchi $VI_h$ Universe with Bulk Viscous Fluid in Modified Gravity

In this paper, the dynamical behavior of the anisotropic universe has been investigated in $f(R,T)$ theory of gravity. The functional $f(R,T)$ has been rescaled in the form $f(R,T)=μR+μT$, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar and $T$ is the trace of energy momentum tensor. Three cosmological models are constructed using the power law expansion in Bianchi type $VI_h$ ($BVI_h$) universe for three different values of $h=-1,0,1$, where the matter field is considered to be of bulk viscous fluid. It is found from the model that the anisotropic $BVI_h$ model in the modified theory of gravity is in agreement with a quintessence phase for the value of $h=-1$ and $0$. We could not obtain a viable cosmological model in accordance with the present day observations for $h=1$. The bulk viscous coefficient in both the cases are found to be positive and remain constant at late time. The physical behaviors of the models along with the energy conditions are also studied.

physics.gen-ph↗

Cosmological parametrizations and their scalar field descendents

We reconstruct the field potentials in case of (non)phantom fields for different models resulting from parametrization of q(t), a(t) or H(t). In addition we carry out similar procedure for tachyonic field. We also discuss specific form of parametrization for reconstruction of scalar field potential.

gr-qc↗

Reconstruction of cosmic history from a simple parametrization of H

In this paper, we propose a simple parametrization of the Hubble parameter H in order to explain the late time cosmic acceleration. We show that our proposal covers many models obtained in different schemes of parametrization under one umbrella. We demonstrate that a simple modification in the functional form of Hubble parameter can give rise to interesting cosmological phenomena such as big rip singularity, bounce and others. We have also constrained the model parameters using the latest 28 points of H(z) data for three cases which admit transition from deceleration to acceleration.

gr-qc↗

Galileons, phantom fields, and the fate of the Universe

In this paper we study cosmological dynamics of phantom as well as non-phantom fields with linear potential in presence of Galileon correction $(\partial_μϕ\partial^μϕ) \Box ϕ$. We show that the Big Crunch singularity is delayed compared to the standard case; the delay crucially depends upon the strength of Galileon correction. As for the phantom Galileon, $ρ_ϕ$ is shown to grow more slowly compared to the standard phantom delaying the approach to singularity. In case, $V\sim ϕ^n, n>4$, Big Rip is also delayed, similar phenomenon is shown to take place for potentials steeper than the exponential.

gr-qc↗