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S. Lloyd

Publications and source records attributed to S. Lloyd.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2003

Impact of time-ordered measurements of the two states in a niobium superconducting qubit structure

Measurements of thermal activation are made in a superconducting, niobium Persistent-Current (PC) qubit structure, which has two stable classical states of equal and opposite circulating current. The magnetization signal is read out by ramping the bias current of a DC SQUID. This ramping causes time-ordered measurements of the two states, where measurement of one state occurs before the other. This time-ordering results in an effective measurement time, which can be used to probe the thermal activation rate between the two states. Fitting the magnetization signal as a function of temperature and ramp time allows one to estimate a quality factor of 10^6 for our devices, a value favorable for the observation of long quantum coherence times at lower temperatures.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗
arXiv2002

The Edge of Quantum Chaos

We identify a border between regular and chaotic quantum dynamics. The border is characterized by a power law decrease in the overlap between a state evolved under chaotic dynamics and the same state evolved under a slightly perturbed dynamics. For example, the overlap decay for the quantum kicked top is well fitted with $[1+(q-1) (t/τ)^2]^{1/(1-q)}$ (with the nonextensive entropic index $q$ and $τ$ depending on perturbation strength) in the region preceding the emergence of quantum interference effects. This region corresponds to the edge of chaos for the classical map from which the quantum chaotic dynamics is derived.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2001

Quantum enhanced positioning and clock synchronization

A wide variety of positioning and ranging procedures are based on repeatedly sending electromagnetic pulses through space and measuring their time of arrival. This paper shows that quantum entanglement and squeezing can be employed to overcome the classical power/bandwidth limits on these procedures, enhancing their accuracy. Frequency entangled pulses could be used to construct quantum positioning systems (QPS), to perform clock synchronization, or to do ranging (quantum radar): all of these techniques exhibit a similar enhancement compared with analogous protocols that use classical light. Quantum entanglement and squeezing have been exploited in the context of interferometry, frequency measurements, lithography, and algorithms. Here, the problem of positioning a party (say Alice) with respect to a fixed array of reference points will be analyzed.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2001

Clock synchronization with dispersion cancellation

The dispersion cancellation feature of pulses which are entangled in frequency is employed to synchronize clocks of distant parties. The proposed protocol is insensitive to the pulse distortion caused by transit through a dispersive medium. Since there is cancellation to all orders, also the effects of slowly fluctuating dispersive media are compensated. The experimental setup can be realized with currently available technology, at least for a proof of principle.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2001

Long Distance, Unconditional Teleportation of Atomic States Via Complete Bell State Measurements

This paper proposes a scheme for creating and storing quantum entanglement over long distances. Optical cavities that store this long-distance entanglement in atoms could then function as nodes of a quantum network, in which quantum information is teleported from cavity to cavity. The teleportation can be carried out unconditionally via measurements of all four Bell states, using a method of sequential elimination.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2000

Solid State Quantum Computing Using Spectral Holes

A quantum computer that stores information on two-state systems called quantum bits or qubits must be able to address and manipulate individual qubits, to effect coherent interactions between pairs of qubits, and to read out the value of qubits.1,2 Current methods for addressing qubits are divided up into spatial methods, as when a laser beam is focused on an individual qubit3,4,5 or spectral methods, as when a nuclear spin in a molecule is addressed using NMR.6,7 The density of qubits addressable spatially is limited by the wavelength of light, and the number of qubits addressable spectrally is limited by spin linewidths. Here, we propose a method for addressing qubits using a method that combines spatial and spectral selectivity. The result is a design for quantum computation that provides the potential for a density of quantum information storage and processing many orders of magnitude greater than that afforded by ion traps or NMR. Specifically, this method uses an ensemble of spectrally resolved atoms in a spectral holeburning solid. The quantum oupling is provided by strong atom-cavity interaction. Using a thin disc of diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy color centers as an example, we present an explicit model for realizing up to 300 coupled qubits in a single spot. We show how about 100 operations can take place in parallel, yielding close to 40,000 operations before decoherence.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2000

Decoherence of the Superconducting Persistent Current Qubit

Decoherence of a solid state based qubit can be caused by coupling to microscopic degrees of freedom in the solid. We lay out a simple theory and use it to estimate decoherence for a recently proposed superconducting persistent current design. All considered sources of decoherence are found to be quite weak, leading to a high quality factor for this qubit.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗
arXiv2000

NMR Based Quantum Information Processing: Achievements and Prospects

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides an experimental setting to explore physical implementations of quantum information processing (QIP). Here we introduce the basic background for understanding applications of NMR to QIP and explain their current successes, limitations and potential. NMR spectroscopy is well known for its wealth of diverse coherent manipulations of spin dynamics. Ideas and instrumentation from liquid state NMR spectroscopy have been used to experiment with QIP. This approach has carried the field to a complexity of about 10 qubits, a small number for quantum computation but large enough for observing and better understanding the complexity of the quantum world. While liquid state NMR is the only present-day technology about to reach this number of qubits, further increases in complexity will require new methods. We sketch one direction leading towards a scalable quantum computer using spin 1/2 particles. The next step of which is a solid state NMR-based QIP capable of reaching 10-30 qubits.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2000

Stochastic Resonance and Nonlinear Response by NMR Spectroscopy

We revisit the phenomenon of quantum stochastic resonance in the regime of validity of the Bloch equations. We find that a stochastic resonance behavior in the steady-state response of the system is present whenever the noise-induced relaxation dynamics can be characterized via a single relaxation time scale. The picture is validated by a simple nuclear magnetic resonance experiment in water.

quant-ph↗