Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Sabine El Khoury

Publications and source records attributed to Sabine El Khoury.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Cellular resolutions of second powers of square-free monomial ideals with divisibility relations

Using divisibility relations between the generators of a square-free monomial ideal $I$, we describe divisibility relations between the generators of the second power $I^2$. We then employ discrete Morse theory to produce a cellular free resolution of $I^2$ which is minimal for specific ideals that are extremal with respect to a given divisibility relation. In particular, we provide sharp bounds on the projective dimension of $I^2$ when the generators of $I$ satisfy at least one divisibility relation.

math.AC↗
arXiv2025

Divisibility Relations and $\mathcal{D}$-Extremal ideals

A divisibility relation between the generators of a square-free monomial ideal formally encodes the situation when one generator divides the least common multiple of some other generators. The divisibility relations contribute to the deletion of some parts of the Taylor resolution of the ideal, and therefore lead to finding a resolution closer to the minimal one. Motivated by this observation, for a given set $\mathcal{D}$ of divisibility relations, we study all square-free monomials satisfying the relations in $\mathcal{D}$. We define a class of square-free monomial ideals called $\mathcal{D}$-extremal ideals $\mathcal{E}_\mathcal{D}$ , and show it is optimal in the sense that it is an ideal satisfying exactly those divisibility relations coming from $\mathcal{D}$, and no others. We then show that $\mathcal{E}_\mathcal{D}$ is extremal in the sense that the resolution and betti numbers of the powers of any square-free monomial ideal satisfying the relations in $\mathcal{D}$ are bounded by those of the same powers of $\mathcal{E}_\mathcal{D}$.

math.AC↗
arXiv2024

Simplicial Resolutions of Powers of Square-free Monomial Ideals

The Taylor resolution is almost never minimal for powers of monomial ideals, even in the square-free case. In this paper we introduce a smaller resolution for each power of any square-free monomial ideal, which depends only on the number of generators of the ideal. More precisely, for every pair of fixed integers $r$ and $q$, we construct a simplicial complex that supports a free resolution of the $r$-th power of any square-free monomial ideal with $q$ generators. The resulting resolution is significantly smaller than the Taylor resolution, and is minimal for special cases. Considering the relations on the generators of a fixed ideal allows us to further shrink these resolutions. We also introduce a class of ideals called "extremal ideals", and show that the Betti numbers of powers of all square-free monomial ideals are bounded by Betti numbers of powers of extremal ideals. Our results lead to upper bounds on Betti numbers of powers of any square-free monomial ideal that greatly improve the binomial bounds offered by the Taylor resolution.

math.AC↗
arXiv2024

Artinian Gorenstein algebras of embedding dimension four and socle degree three over an arbitrary field

Let k be an arbitrary field, A be a standard graded Artinian Gorenstein k-algebra of embedding dimension four and socle degree three, and pi from P to A be a surjective graded homomorphism from a polynomial ring with four variables over k onto A. We give the minimal generators of the kernel of pi and the minimal homogeneous resolution of A by free P-modules. We give formulas for the entries in the matrices in the resolution in terms of the coefficients of the Macaulay inverse system for A. We have implemented these formulas in Macaulay2 scripts. The kernel of pi has either 6, 7, or 9 minimal generators. The number of minimal generators and the precise form of the minimal resolution are determined by the rank of a 3 by 3 symmetric matrix of constants that we call SM. If the kernel of pi requires more than six generators, then we prove that the kernel of pi is the sum of two linked perfect ideals of grade three. If the the kernel of pi is six-generated, then we prove that A is a hypersurface section of a codimension three Gorenstein algebra. Our approach is based on the structure of Gorenstein-linear resolutions and the theorem that, except for exactly one exception, A has the weak Lefschetz property.

math.AC↗
arXiv2023

The Scarf complex and betti numbers of powers of extremal ideals

This paper is concerned with finding bounds on betti numbers and describing combinatorially and topologically (minimal) free resolutions of powers of ideals generated by a fixed number $q$ of square-free monomials. Among such ideals, we focus on a specific ideal $\mathcal{E}_q$, which we call {\it extremal}, and which has the property that for each $r\ge 1$ the betti numbers of ${\mathcal{E}_q}^r$ are an upper bound for the betti numbers of $I^r$ for any ideal $I$ generated by $q$ square-free monomials (in any number of variables). We study the Scarf complex of the ideals ${\mathcal{E}_q}^r$ and use this simplicial complex to extract information on minimal free resolutions. In particular, we show that ${\mathcal{E}_q}^r$ has a minimal free resolution supported on its Scarf complex when $q\leq 4$ or when $r\leq 2$, and we describe explicitly this complex. For any $q$ and $r$, we also show that $β_1({\mathcal{E}_q}^r)$ is the smallest possible, or in other words equal to the number of edges in the Scarf complex. These results lead to effective bounds on the betti numbers of $I^r$, with $I$ as above. For example, we obtain that pd$(I^r)\leq 5$ for all ideals $I$ generated by $4$ square-free monomials and any $r\geq 1$.

math.AC↗
arXiv2022

Quadratically presented Gorenstein ideals

Let $J$ be a quadratically presented grade three Gorenstein ideal in the standard graded polynomial ring $R= k[x,y,z]$, where $k$ is a field. Assume that $R/J$ satisfies the weak Lefschetz property. We give the presentation matrix for $J$ in terms of the coefficients of a Macaulay inverse system for $J$. (This presentation matrix is an alternating matrix and $J$ is generated by the maximal order Pfaffians of the presentation matrix.) Our formulas are computer friendly; they involve only matrix multiplication; they do not involve multilinear algebra or complicated summations. As an application, we give the presentation matrix for $J_1=(x^{n+1},y^{n+1},z^{n+1}):(x+y+z)^{n+1}$, when $n$ is even and the characteristic of $k$ is zero. Generators for $J_1$ had been identified previously; but the presentation matrix for $J_1$ had not previously been known. The first step in our proof is to give improved formulas for the presentation matrix of a linearly presented grade three Gorenstein ideal $I$ in terms of the coefficients of the Macaulay inverse system for $I$.

math.AC↗
arXiv2021

Powers of graphs & applications to resolutions of powers of monomial ideals

This paper is concerned with the question of whether geometric structures such as cell complexes can be used to simultaneously describe the minimal free resolutions of all powers of a monomial ideal. We provide a full answer in the case of square-free monomial ideals of projective dimension one, by introducing a combinatorial construction of a family of (cubical) cell complexes whose 1-skeletons are powers of a graph that supports the resolution of the ideal.

math.AC↗
arXiv2020

An Upper Bound for the First Hilbert Coefficient of Gorenstein Algebras and Modules

Let $R$ be a polynomial ring over a field and $M= \bigoplus_n M_n$ a finitely generated graded $R$-module, minimally generated by homogeneous elements of degree zero with a graded $R$-minimal free resolution $\mathbf{F}$. A Cohen-Macaulay module $M$ is Gorenstein when the graded resolution is symmetric. We give an upper bound for the first Hilbert coefficient, $e_1$ in terms of the shifts in the graded resolution of $M$. When $M = R/I$, a Gorenstein algebra, this bound agrees with the bound obtained in \cite{ES} in Gorenstein algebras with quasi-pure resolution. We conjecture a similar bound for the higher coefficients.

math.AC↗
arXiv2018

On the projective dimension of $5$ quadric almost complete intersections with low multiplicities

Let $S$ be a polynomial ring over an algebraic closed field $k$ and $ \mathfrak p =(x,y,z,w) $ a homogeneous height four prime ideal. We give a finite characterization of the degree two component of ideals primary to $\mathfrak p$, with multiplicity $e \leq 3$. We use this result to give a tight bound on the projective dimension of almost complete intersections generated by five quadrics with $e \leq 3$.

math.AC↗
arXiv2016

A note on the subadditivity of Syzygies

Let $R=S/I$ be a graded algebra with $t_i$ and $T_i$ being the minimal and maximal shifts in the minimal $S$ resolution of $R$ at degree $i$. In this paper we prove that $t_n\leq t_1+T_{n-1}$, for all $n$ and as a consequence, we show that for Gorenstein algebras of codimension $h$, the subadditivity of maximal shifts $T_i$ in the minimal resolution holds for $i \geq h-1$, i.e, we show that $T_i \leq T_a+T_{i-a}$ for $i\geq h-1$.

math.AC↗
arXiv2014

The explicit minimal resolution constructed from a Macaulay inverse system

This is the second paper in a series of three papers. In the first paper of the series, "Artinian Gorenstein algebras with linear resolutions", (arXiv:1306.2523, J. of Algebra, to appear) we prove that it is possible to give the minimal resolution of the rings from the title in terms of the coefficients of the corresponding Macaulay inverse system. In this context, the word "give" means, "give in a polynomial manner". The first paper in the series proves, essentially, an existence theorem. The second and third papers in the series construct the explicit formulas for the resolution. The present paper is concerned with Artinian Gorenstein algebras of embedding codimension three. In the third paper, "The structure of Gorenstein-linear resolutions of Artinian algebras", the embedding codimension is arbitrary.

math.AC↗
arXiv2014

The structure of Gorenstein-linear resolutions of Artinian algebras

This is the third paper in a series of three papers. The first two papers in the series are called "Artinian Gorenstein algebras with linear resolutions", (arXiv:1306.2523) and "The explicit minimal resolution constructed from a Macaulay inverse system". In the present paper, we give the explicit minimal resolution of an Artinian Gorenstein algebra with a linear resolution. This minimal resolution is given in a polynomial manner in terms of the coefficients of the Macaulay inverse system for the Gorenstein algebra. Let k be a field, A a standard-graded Artinian Gorenstein k-algebra, S the standard-graded polynomial ring Sym(A_1), I the kernel of the natural surjection from S to A, d the vector space dimension of A_1, and n the least index with I_n not equal to 0. Assume that 3<= d and 2<= n. In this paper, we give the structure of the minimal homogeneous resolution B of A by free S-modules, provided B is Gorenstein-linear. Our description of B depends on a fixed decomposition of A_1 of the form k x_1\oplus V_0, for some non-zero element x_1 and some d-1 dimensional subspace V_0 of A_1. Much information about B is already contained in the complex Bbar=B/x_1B, which we call the skeleton of B. One striking feature of B is the fact that the skeleton of B is completely determined by the data (d,n); no other information about A is used in the construction of Bbar. The skeleton Bbar is the mapping cone of zero: K->L, where L is a well known resolution of Buchsbaum and Eisenbud; K is the dual of L; and L and K are comprised of Schur and Weyl modules associated to hooks, respectively. The decomposition of Bbar into Schur and Weyl modules lifts to a decomposition of B; furthermore, B inherits the natural self-duality of Bbar. As an application we observe that every non-zero element of A_1 is a weak Lefschetz element for A.

math.AC↗
arXiv2013

Artinian Gorenstein algebras with linear resolutions

Fix a pair of positive integers d and n. We create a ring R and a complex G of R-modules with the following universal property. Let P be a polynomial ring in d variables over a field and let I be a grade d Gorenstein ideal in P which is generated by homogeneous forms of degree n. If the resolution of P/I by free P-modules is linear, then there exists a ring homomorphism from R to P such that P tensor G is a minimal homogeneous resolution of P/I by free P-modules. Our construction is coordinate free.

math.AC↗
arXiv2013

On the number of generators of ideals defining Gorenstein Artin algebras with Hilbert function $ (1,n+1, 1+{n+1\choose 2},...,{n+1\choose 2}+1, n+1,1)$

Let $R = k[w, x_1,..., x_n]/I$ be a graded Gorenstein Artin algebra . Then $I = \ann F$ for some $F$ in the divided power algebra $k_{DP}[W, X_1,..., X_n]$. If $RI_2$ is a height one idealgenerated by $n$ quadrics, then $I_2 \subset (w)$ after a possible change of variables. Let $J = I \cap k[x_1,..., x_n]$. Then $μ(I) \le μ(J)+n+1$ and $I$ is said to be generic if $μ(I) = μ(J) + n+1$. In this article we prove necessary conditions, in terms of $F$, for an ideal to be generic. With some extra assumptions on the exponents of terms of $F$, we obtain a characterization for $I = \ann F$ to be generic in codimension four.

math.AC↗
arXiv2012

Bounds for the Multiplicity of Gorenstein algebras

We prove upper bounds for the Hilbert-Samuel multiplicity of standard graded Gorenstein algebras. The main tool that we use is Boij-Söderberg theory to obtain a decomposition of the Betti table of a Gorenstein algebra as the sum of rational multiples of symmetrized pure tables. Our bound agrees with the one in the quasi-pure case obtained by Srinivasan [J. Algebra, vol.~208, no.~2, (1998)].

math.AC↗
arXiv2012

Gorenstein Hilbert Coefficients

We prove upper and lower bounds for all the coefficients in the Hilbert Polynomial of a graded Gorenstein algebra $S=R/I$ with a quasi-pure resolution over $R$. The bounds are in terms of the minimal and the maximal shifts in the resolution of $R$ . These bounds are analogous to the bounds for the multiplicity found in \cite{S} and are stronger than the bounds for the Cohen Macaulay algebras found in \cite{HZ}.

math.AC↗