arXiv subjects

Sabrina Pauli

Publications and source records attributed to Sabrina Pauli.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Parametrized $\underline{\mathbb{F}}_2$-Cohomology of $B_{C_2}O(1)$

We compute the parametrized (or twisted) ordinary cohomology of the classifying space for real $C_2$-line bundles, $B_{C_2}O(1)$ with coefficients in the constant Mackey functor $\underline{\mathbb{F}}_2$. Parametrized cohomology refines $RO(G)$-graded Bredon cohomology by assembling equivariant cohomology for all local coefficients into a single graded ring. For this reason, our work also encodes a computation of the $RO(C_2)$-graded cohomology of all Thom spaces of real $C_2$-vector bundles over $B_{C_2}O(1)$. Along the way, we prove many general results that can be applied to computations of parametrized cohomology over general bases $B$. In particular, we introduce a collection of characteristic classes, give a definition of orientation for non-homogeneous bundles, import equivariant Steenrod operations to this context, and give general results relating to base change.

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arXiv2026

Quadratically Enriched Plane Curve Counting via Tropical Geometry

We prove that the quadratically enriched count of rational curves in a smooth toric del Pezzo surface passing through $k$-rational points and pairs of conjugate points in quadratic field extensions $k\subset k(\sqrt{d_i})$ can be determined by counting certain tropical stable maps through vertically stretched point conditions with a suitable multiplicity. Building on the floor diagram technique in tropical geometry, we provide an algorithm to compute these numbers. Our tropical algorithm computes not only these new quadratically enriched enumerative invariants, but simultaneously also the complex Gromov-Witten invariant, the real Welschinger invariant counting curves satisfying real point conditions only, the real Welschinger invariant of curves satisfying pairs of complex conjugate and real point conditions, and the quadratically enriched count of curves satisfying $k$-rational point conditions.

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arXiv2026

PCMI lecture notes: Motivic explorations in enumerative geometry

These are lecture notes for the PCMI 2024 Graduate Summer School for the mini-workshop on motivic explorations in enumerative geometry. Motivic homotopy theory allows to do enumerative geometry over an arbitrary field, which leads to additional arithmetic and geometric information. The goal of the mini-workshop is to explain why and how this works. We will also provide a toolbox for solving enumerative geometry problems in this setting, including the use of tropical geometry. We start with two classical examples in enumerative geometry, namely Bezout's theorem and the count of lines on a smooth cubic surface. We then explain how to solve these problems, first over the complex and real numbers, and then over an arbitrary field, using the A1-degree from motivic homotopy theory. Then we introduce tropical geometry, more precisely we focus on tropical plane curves and show how they can be used to prove Bezout's theorem for curves over an arbitrary field. Finally, we discuss tropical correspondence theorems.

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arXiv2026

Quadratic Segre indices

We prove that the local Euler class of a line on a degree $2n-1$ hypersurface in projective $n+1$ space is given by a product of indices of Segre involutions. Segre involutions and their associated indices were first defined by Finashin and Kharlamov over the reals. Our result is valid over any perfect field of characteristic not 2 and gives an infinite family of problems in enriched enumerative geometry with a shared geometric interpretation for the local type.

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arXiv2026

Tropical Methods for Counting Plane Curves -- Complex, Real and Quadratically Enriched

Since the first famous correspondence theorem by Mikhalkin appeared in 2005, tropical geometry has allowed a parallel treatment of real and complex counting problems. A prime example are the genus 0 Gromov-Witten invariants of the plane which count rational plane curves of degree d satisfying point conditions and their real counterpart, the Welschinger invariants, which both can be determined using tropical methods. Remarkably, the tropical computation of the two types of invariants works entirely in parallel. Recently, quadratically enriched enumerative geometry enables us to combine such real and complex counts under one roof, providing a simultaneous approach which can also be used for counts over other fields. Tropical geometry is a successful tool for the study and computation of such quadratically enriched enumerative invariants, too. In this survey, we provide an overview of tropical methods for plane curve counting problems over the real and complex numbers, and the new quadratically enriched counts.

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arXiv2025

Computing A1-Euler numbers with Macaulay2

We use Macaulay2 for several enriched counts in GW(k). First, we compute the count of lines on a general cubic surface using Macaulay2 over Fp in GW(Fp) for p a prime number and over the rational numbers Q in GW(Q). This gives a new proof for the fact that the count of lines on a cubic surface is 3+12h in GW(k) where h denotes the hyperbolic form. Then, we compute the count of lines in P3 meeting 4 general lines, the count of lines on a quadratic surface meeting one general line and the count of singular elements in a pencil of degree d-surfaces. Finally, we provide code to compute the EKL-form and compute several A1-Milnor numbers.

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arXiv2024

A Guide to Equivariant Parametrized Cohomology

This article investigates equivariant parametrized cellular cohomology, a cohomology theory introduced by Costenoble-Waner for spaces with an action by a compact Lie group $G$. The theory extends the $RO(G)$-graded cohomology of a $G$-space $B$ to a cohomology graded by $RO(ΠB)$, the representations of the equivariant fundamental groupoid of $B$. This paper is meant to serve as a guide to this theory and contains some new computations. We explain the key ingredients for defining parametrized cellular cohomology when $G$ is a finite group, with particular attention to the case of the cyclic group $G=C_2$. We compute some examples and observe that $RO(ΠB)$ is not always free. When $G$ is the trivial group, we explain how to identify equivariant parametrized cellular cohomology with cellular cohomology in local coefficients. Finally, we illustrate the theory with some new computations of parametrized cellular cohomology for several spaces with $G = C_2$ and $G=C_4$.

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arXiv2024

Quadratically Enriched Tropical Intersections

Using tropical geometry one can translate problems in enumerative geometry to combinatorial problems. Thus tropical geometry is a powerful tool in enumerative geometry over the complex and real numbers. Results from $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy theory allow to enrich classical enumerative geometry questions and get answers over an arbitrary field. In the resulting area, $\mathbb{A}^1$-enumerative geometry, the answer to these questions lives in the Grothendieck-Witt ring of the base field $k$. In this paper, we use tropical methods in this enriched set up by showing Bézout's theorem and a generalization, namely the Bernstein-Kushnirenko theorem, for tropical hypersurfaces enriched in $\operatorname{GW}(k)$.

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arXiv2024

Arithmetic Counts of Tropical Plane Curves and Their Properties

Recently, the first and third author proved a correspondence theorem which recovers the Levine-Welschinger invariants of toric del Pezzo surfaces as a count of tropical curves weighted with arithmetic multiplicities. In this paper, we study properties of the arithmetic count of plane tropical curves satisfying point conditions. We prove that this count is independent of the configuration of point conditions. Moreover, a Caporaso-Harris formula for the arithmetic count of plane tropical curves is obtained by moving one point to the very left. Repeating this process until all point conditions are stretched, we obtain an enriched count of floor diagrams which coincides with the tropical count. Finally, we prove polynomiality properties for the arithmetic counts using floor diagrams.

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arXiv2024

A Quadratically Enriched Correspondence Theorem

We quadratically enrich Mikhalkin's correspondence theorem. That is, we prove a correspondence between algebraic curves on a toric surface counted with Levine's quadratic enrichment of the Welschinger sign, and tropical curves counted with a quadratic enrichment of Mikhalkin's multiplicity for tropical curves.

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arXiv2024

Bézoutians and the $\mathbb{A}^1$-degree

We prove that both the local and global $\mathbb{A}^1$-degree of an endomorphism of affine space can be computed in terms of the multivariate Bézoutian. In particular, we show that the Bézoutian bilinear form, the Scheja--Storch form, and the $\mathbb{A}^1$-degree for complete intersections are isomorphic. Our global theorem generalizes Cazanave's theorem in the univariate case, and our local theorem generalizes Kass--Wickelgren's theorem on EKL forms and the local degree. This result provides an algebraic formula for local and global degrees in motivic homotopy theory.

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arXiv2022

Quadratic Counts of Twisted Cubics

Using a quadratic version of the Bott residue theorem, we give a quadratic refinement of the count of twisted cubic curves on hypersurfaces and complete intersections in a projective space.

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arXiv2022

Applications to A1-enumerative geometry of the A1-degree

These are lecture notes from the conference Arithmetic Topology at the Pacific Institute of Mathematical Sciences on applications of Morel's A1-degree to questions in enumerative geometry. Additionally, we give a new dynamic interpretation of the A1-Milnor number inspired by the first named author's enrichment of dynamic intersection numbers.

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arXiv2022

Quadratic types and the dynamic Euler number of lines on a quintic threefold

We provide a geometric interpretation of the local contribution of a line to the count of lines on a quintic threefold over a field k of characteristic not equal to 2, that is, we define the type of a line on a quintic threefold and show that it coincides with the local index at the corresponding zero of the section of Sym^5 S^* -> Gr(2, 5) defined by the threefold. Furthermore, we define the dynamic Euler number which allows us to compute the A^1-Euler number as the sum of local contributions of zeros of a section with non-isolated zeros which deform with a general deformation. As an example we provide a quadratic count of 2875 distinguished lines on the Fermat quintic threefold which computes the dynamic Euler number of Sym^5 S^* -> Gr(2, 5). Combining those two results we get that the sum of the types of lines on a general quintic threefold is 1445<1> + 1430<-1> in GW(k) when k is a field of characteristic not equal to 2 or 5.

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arXiv2018

A1 contractibility of affine modifications

We introduce Koras-Russell fiber bundles over algebraically closed fields of characteristic zero. After a single suspension, this exhibits an infinite family of smooth affine A1-contractible 3-folds. Moreover, we give examples of stably A1-contractible smooth affine 4-folds containing a Brieskorn-Pham surface, and a family of smooth affine 3-folds with a higher dimensional A1-contractible total space.

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