arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Saharon Shelah.
We show that (1) If ZF is consistent then the following theory is consistent "ZF + DC(omega_{1}) + Every set of reals has Baire property" and (2) If ZF is consistent then the following theory is consistent "ZFC + `every projective set of reals has Baire property' + `any union of omega_{1} meager sets is meager' ".
We prove that club does not imply the existence of a Suslin tree, so answering a question of I. Juhasz.
We prove existence of wide types in a continuous theory expanding a Banach space, and density of minimal wide types among stable types in such a theory. We show that every minimal wide stable type is "generically" isometric to an l_2 space. We conclude with a proof of the following formulation of Henson's Conjecture: every model of an uncountably categorical theory expanding a Banach space is prime over a spreading model, isometric to the standard basis of a Hilbert space.
We prove a strong non-structure theorem for a class of metric structures with an unstable pair of formulae. As a consequence, we show that weak categoricity (that is, categoricity up to isomorphisms and not isometries) implies several versions of stability. This is the first step in the direction of the investigation of weak categoricity and weak stability of metric classes.
Strongly bounded groups are those groups for which every action by isometries on a metric space has orbits of finite diameter. Many groups have been shown to have this property, and all the known infinite examples so far have cardinality at least $2^{\aleph_0}$. We produce examples of strongly bounded groups of many cardinalities, including $\aleph_1$, answering a question of Yves de Cornulier [4]. In fact, any infinite group embeds as a subgroup of a strongly bounded group which is, at most, two cardinalities larger.
Starting from a model with a Laver-indestructible supercompact cardinal $κ$, we construct a model of $ZF+DC_κ$ where there are no $κ$-mad families.
In [6], given a metrizable profinite group $G$, a cardinal invariant of the continuum $\mathfrak{fm}(G)$ was introduced, and a positive solution to the Haar Measure Problem for $G$ was given under the assumption that $\mathrm{non}(\mathcal{N}) \leq \mathfrak{fm}(G)$. We prove here that it is consistent with ZFC that there is a metrizable profinite group $G_*$ such that $\mathrm{non}(\mathcal{N}) > \mathfrak{fm}(G_*)$, thus demonstrating that the strategy of [6] does not suffice for a general solution to the Haar Measure Problem.
Assuming four strongly compact cardinals, it is consistent that all entries in Cichoń's diagram are pairwise different, more specifically that \[ \aleph_1 < \mathrm{add}(\mathrm{null}) < \mathrm{cov}(\mathrm{null}) < \mathfrak{b} < \mathrm{non}(\mathrm{meager}) < \mathrm{cov}(\mathrm{meager}) < \mathfrak{d} < \mathrm{non}(\mathrm{null}) < \mathrm{cof}(\mathrm{null}) < 2^{\aleph_0}.\]
In this paper we give characterizations of the super-stable theories, in terms of an external property called representation. In the sense of the representation property, the mentioned class of first-order theories can be regarded as "not very complicated". This was done for "stable" and for "aleph_0-stable". Here we give a complete answer for "superstable".
It is proved to be consistent relative to a measurable cardinal that there is a uniform ultrafilter on the real numbers which is generated by fewer than the maximum possible number of sets. It is also shown to be consistent relative to a supercompact cardinal that there is a uniform ultrafilter on ${\aleph}_{ω+1}$ which is generated by fewer than ${2}^{{\aleph}_{ω+1}}$ sets.
We show that if $γ\in ω\cup \{\aleph_{0}\}$ and $\mathcal{A}$ is a counterexample to the analytic Vaught conjecture having exactly $γ$ many models of Scott rank $ω_{1}$, then there exists a club $C \subseteq ω_{1}$ such that $\mathcal{A}$ has exactly $γ$ many models of Scott rank $α$, for each $α\in C$.
Let $κ$ be an uncountable cardinal such that $2^{<κ} = κ$ or just ${\rm cf}(κ) > ω$, $2^{2^{<κ}}= 2^κ$, and $([κ]^κ, \supseteq)$ collapses $2^κ$ to $ω$. We show under these assumptions the $κ$-Miller forcing with club many splitting nodes collapses $2^κ$ to $ω$ and adds a $κ$-Cohen real.
Our aim is to solve a quite old question on the difference between expandability and compact expandability. Toward this, we further investigate the logic of countable cofinality.
We are interested in examples of a.e.c. with amalgamation having some (extreme) behaviour concerning types. Note we deal with k being sequence-local, i.e. local for increasing chains of length a regular cardinal (for types, equality of all restrictions imply equality). . For any cardinal theta>= aleph_0 we construct an a.e.c. with amalgamation k with L.S.T.(k) = theta, |tau_K| = theta such that {kappa : kappa is a regular cardinal and K is not (2^kappa, kappa)-sequence-local} is maximal. In fact we have a direct characterization of this class of cardinals: the regular kappa such that there is no uniform kappa^+-complete ultrafilter. We also prove a similar result to "(2^kappa, kappa)-compact for types".
Suppose t = (T,T_1, p) is a triple of two theories T subset T_1 in vocabularies tau subset tau_1 (respectively) of cardinality lambda and a tau_1-type p over the empty set; in the main case here is with T stable. We show the Hanf number for the property: "there is a model M_1 of T_1 which omits p, but M_1 restricted to tau is saturated" is larger than the Hanf number of L_{lambda^+, kappa} but smaller than the Hanf number of L_{(2^lambda)^+, kappa} when T is stable with kappa = kappa(T). In fact, we characterize the Hanf number of t when we fix (T, lambda) where T is a first order complete, lambda > |T| and demand |T_1| < lambda.
We prove a better coloring theorem for aleph_4 and even aleph_3. This has a general topology consequence.
This is the second combinatorial proof of the compactness theorem for singular from 1977. In fact it gives a somewhat stronger theorem.
We like to build Abelian groups (or R-modules) which on the one hand are quite free, say $\aleph_{ω+ 1}$-free, and on the other hand, are complicated in suitable sense. We choose as our test problem having no non-trivial homomorphism to $Z$ (known classically for $\aleph_1$-free, recently for $\aleph_n$-free). We succeed to prove the existence of even $\aleph_{ω_1 \cdot n}-$free ones. This requires building n-dimensional black boxes, which are quite free. Thus combinatorics is of self interest and we believe will be useful also for other purposes. On the other hand, modulo suitable large cardinals, we prove that it is consistent that every $\aleph_{ω_1 \cdot ω}$-free Abelian group has non-trivial homomorphisms to Z.