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Saharon Shelah

Publications and source records attributed to Saharon Shelah.

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Categoricity over P for first order T or categoricity for phi in L_{omega_1 omega} can stop at aleph_k while holding for aleph_0, ..., aleph_{k-1}

Suppose L is a relational language and P in L is a unary predicate. If M is an L-structure then P(M) is the L-structure formed as the substructure of M with domain {a: M models P(a)}. Now suppose T is a complete first order theory in L with infinite models. Following Hodges, we say that T is relatively lambda-categorical if whenever M, N models T, P(M)=P(N), |P(M)|= lambda then there is an isomorphism i:M-> N which is the identity on P(M). T is relatively categorical if it is relatively lambda-categorical for every lambda. The question arises whether the relative lambda-categoricity of T for some lambda >|T| implies that T is relatively categorical. In this paper, we provide an example, for every k>0, of a theory T_k and an L_{omega_1 omega} sentence varphi_k so that T_k is relatively aleph_n-categorical for n < k and varphi_k is aleph_n-categorical for n<k but T_k is not relatively beth_k-categorical and varphi_k is not beth_k-categorical.

math.LO↗

The primal framework. I

This the first of a series of articles dealing with abstract classification theory. The apparatus to assign systems of cardinal invariants to models of a first order theory (or determine its impossibility) is developed in [Sh:a]. It is natural to try to extend this theory to classes of models which are described in other ways. Work on the classification theory for nonelementary classes [Sh:88] and for universal classes [Sh:300] led to the conclusion that an axiomatic approach provided the best setting for developing a theory of wider application. In the first chapter we describe the axioms on which the remainder of the article depends and give some examples and context to justify this level of generality. The study of universal classes takes as a primitive the notion of closing a subset under functions to obtain a model. We replace that concept by the notion of a prime model. We begin the detailed discussion of this idea in Chapter II. One of the important contributions of classification theory is the recognition that large models can often be analyzed by means of a family of small models indexed by a tree of height at most omega. More precisely, the analyzed model is prime over such a tree. Chapter III provides sufficient conditions for prime models over such trees to exist.

math.LO↗

Full reflection of stationary sets below aleph_omega

It is consistent that for every n >= 2, every stationary subset of omega_n consisting of ordinals of cofinality omega_k where k = 0 or k <= n-3 reflects fully in the set of ordinals of cofinality omega_{n-1}. We also show that this result is best possible.

math.LO↗