arXiv subjects

Salah A. Aly

Publications and source records attributed to Salah A. Aly.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2012

Data Dissemination And Collection Algorithms For Collaborative Sensor Networks Using Dynamic Cluster Heads

We develop novel data dissemination and collection algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in which we consider $n$ sensor nodes distributed randomly in a certain field to measure a physical phenomena. Such sensors have limited energy, shortage coverage range, bandwidth and memory constraints. We desire to disseminate nodes' data throughout the network such that a base station will be able to collect the sensed data by querying a small number of nodes. We propose two data dissemination and collection algorithms (DCA's) to solve this problem. Data dissemination is achieved through dynamical selection of some nodes. The selected nodes will be changed after a time slot $t$ and may be repeated after a period $T$.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2012

Efficient Web-based Facial Recognition System Employing 2DHOG

In this paper, a system for facial recognition to identify missing and found people in Hajj and Umrah is described as a web portal. Explicitly, we present a novel algorithm for recognition and classifications of facial images based on applying 2DPCA to a 2D representation of the Histogram of oriented gradients (2D-HOG) which maintains the spatial relation between pixels of the input images. This algorithm allows a compact representation of the images which reduces the computational complexity and the storage requirments, while maintaining the highest reported recognition accuracy. This promotes this method for usage with very large datasets. Large dataset was collected for people in Hajj. Experimental results employing ORL, UMIST, JAFFE, and HAJJ datasets confirm these excellent properties.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2011

Distributed Data Collection and Storage Algorithms for Collaborative Learning Vision Sensor Devices with Applications to Pilgrimage

This work presents novel distributed data collection systems and storage algorithms for collaborative learning wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In a large WSN, consider $n$ collaborative sensor devices distributed randomly to acquire information and learn about a certain field. Such sensors have less power, small bandwidth, and short memory, and they might disappear from the network after certain time of operations. The goal of this work is to design efficient strategies to learn about the field by collecting sensed data from these $n$ sensors with less computational overhead and efficient storage encoding operations. In this data collection system, we propose two distributed data storage algorithms (DSA's) to solve this problem with the means of network flooding and connectivity among sensor devices. In the first algorithm denoted, DSA-I, it's assumed that the total number of nodes is known for each node in the network. We show that this algorithm is efficient in terms of the encoding/decoding operations. Furthermore, every node uses network flooding to disseminate its data throughout the network using mixing time approximately O(n). In the second algorithm denoted, DSA-II, it's assumed that the total number of nodes is not known for each learning sensor, hence dissemination of the data does not depend on the value of $n$. In this case we show that the encoding operations take $O(Cμ^2)$, where $μ$ is the mean degree of the network graph and $C$ is a system parameter. Performance of these two algorithms match the derived theoretical results. Finally, we show how to deploy these algorithms for monitoring and measuring certain phenomenons in American-made camp tents located in Minna field in south-east side of Makkah.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2010

Protection Over Asymmetric Channels, S-MATE: Secure Multipath Adaptive Traffic Engineering

Several approaches have been proposed to the problem of provisioning traffic engineering between core network nodes in Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks. Such approaches aim to minimize network delay, increase capacity, and enhance security services between two core (relay) network nodes, an ingress node and an egress node. MATE (Multipath Adaptive Traffic Engineering) has been proposed for multipath adaptive traffic engineering between an ingress node (source) and an egress node (destination) to distribute the network flow among multiple disjoint paths. Its novel idea is to avoid network congestion and attacks that might exist in edge and node disjoint paths between two core network nodes. This paper proposes protection schemes over asymmetric channels. Precisely, the paper aims to develop an adaptive, robust, and reliable traffic engineering scheme to improve performance and reliability of communication networks. This scheme will also provision Quality of Server (QoS) and protection of traffic engineering to maximize network efficiency. Specifically, S-MATE (secure MATE) is proposed to protect the network traffic between two core nodes (routers, switches, etc.) in a cloud network. S-MATE secures against a single link attack/failure by adding redundancy in one of the operational redundant paths between the sender and receiver nodes. It is also extended to secure against multiple attacked links. The proposed scheme can be applied to secure core networks such as optical and IP networks.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2010

SNEED: Enhancing Network Security Services Using Network Coding and Joint Capacity

Traditional network security protocols depend mainly on developing cryptographic schemes and on using biometric methods. These have led to several network security protocols that are unbreakable based on difficulty of solving untractable mathematical problems such as factoring large integers. In this paper, Security of Networks Employing Encoding and Decoding (SNEED) is developed to mitigate single and multiple link attacks. Network coding and shared capacity among the working paths are used to provide data protection and data integrity against network attackers and eavesdroppers. SNEED can be incorporated into various applications in on-demand TV, satellite communications and multimedia security. Finally, It is shown that SNEED can be implemented easily where there are k edge disjoint paths between two core nodes (routers or switches) in an enterprize network.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2010

A Distributed Data Collection Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks with Persistent Storage Nodes

A distributed data collection algorithm to accurately store and forward information obtained by wireless sensor networks is proposed. The proposed algorithm does not depend on the sensor network topology, routing tables, or geographic locations of sensor nodes, but rather makes use of uniformly distributed storage nodes. Analytical and simulation results for this algorithm show that, with high probability, the data disseminated by the sensor nodes can be precisely collected by querying any small set of storage nodes.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2010

S-MATE: Secure Coding-based Multipath Adaptive Traffic Engineering

There have been several approaches to provisioning traffic between core network nodes in Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks. Such approaches aim to minimize network delay, increase network capacity, and enhance network security services. MATE (Multipath Adaptive Traffic Engineering) protocol has been proposed for multipath adaptive traffic engineering between an ingress node (source) and an egress node (destination). Its novel idea is to avoid network congestion and attacks that might exist in edge and node disjoint paths between two core network nodes. This paper builds an adaptive, robust, and reliable traffic engineering scheme for better performance of communication network operations. This will also provision quality of service (QoS) and protection of traffic engineering to maximize network efficiency. Specifically, we present a new approach, S-MATE (secure MATE) is developed to protect the network traffic between two core nodes (routers or switches) in a cloud network. S-MATE secures against a single link attack/failure by adding redundancy in one of the operational paths between the sender and receiver. The proposed scheme can be built to secure core networks such as optical and IP networks.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2010

Network Protection Design Using Network Coding

Link and node failures are two common fundamental problems that affect operational networks. Protection of communication networks against such failures is essential for maintaining network reliability and performance. Network protection codes (NPC) are proposed to protect operational networks against link and node failures. Furthermore, encoding and decoding operations of such codes are well developed over binary and finite fields. Finding network topologies, practical scenarios, and limits on graphs applicable for NPC are of interest. In this paper, we establish limits on network protection design. We investigate several network graphs where NPC can be deployed using network coding. Furthermore, we construct graphs with minimum number of edges suitable for network protection codes deployment.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2010

Nonbinary Quantum Cyclic and Subsystem Codes Over Asymmetrically-decohered Quantum Channels

Quantum computers theoretically are able to solve certain problems more quickly than any deterministic or probabilistic computers. A quantum computer exploits the rules of quantum mechanics to speed up computations. However, one has to mitigate the resulting noise and decoherence effects to avoid computational errors in order to successfully build quantum computers. In this paper, we construct asymmetric quantum codes to protect quantum information over asymmetric quantum channels, $\Pr Z \geq \Pr X$. Two generic methods are presented to derive asymmetric quantum cyclic codes using the generator polynomials and defining sets of classical cyclic codes. Consequently, the methods allow us to construct several families of quantum BCH, RS, and RM codes over asymmetric quantum channels. Finally, the methods are used to construct families of asymmetric subsystem codes.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2009

Asymmetric Quantum Cyclic Codes

It is recently conjectured in quantum information processing that phase-shift errors occur with high probability than qubit-flip errors, hence the former is more disturbing to quantum information than the later one. This leads us to construct asymmetric quantum error controlling codes to protect quantum information over asymmetric channels, $\Pr Z \geq \Pr X$. In this paper we present two generic methods to derive asymmetric quantum cyclic codes using the generator polynomials and defining sets of classical cyclic codes. Consequently, the methods allow us to construct several families of asymmetric quantum BCH, RS, and RM codes. Finally, the methods are used to construct families of asymmetric subsystem codes.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2009

A Class of Quantum LDPC Codes Constructed From Finite Geometries

Low-density parity check (LDPC) codes are a significant class of classical codes with many applications. Several good LDPC codes have been constructed using random, algebraic, and finite geometries approaches, with containing cycles of length at least six in their Tanner graphs. However, it is impossible to design a self-orthogonal parity check matrix of an LDPC code without introducing cycles of length four. In this paper, a new class of quantum LDPC codes based on lines and points of finite geometries is constructed. The parity check matrices of these codes are adapted to be self-orthogonal with containing only one cycle of length four. Also, the column and row weights, and bounds on the minimum distance of these codes are given. As a consequence, the encoding and decoding algorithms of these codes as well as their performance over various quantum depolarizing channels will be investigated.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2009

Decentralized Coding Algorithms for Distributed Storage in Wireless Sensor Networks

We consider large-scale wireless sensor networks with $n$ nodes, out of which k are in possession, (e.g., have sensed or collected in some other way) k information packets. In the scenarios in which network nodes are vulnerable because of, for example, limited energy or a hostile environment, it is desirable to disseminate the acquired information throughout the network so that each of the n nodes stores one (possibly coded) packet so that the original k source packets can be recovered, locally and in a computationally simple way from any k(1 + ε) nodes for some small ε> 0. We develop decentralized Fountain codes based algorithms to solve this problem. Unlike all previously developed schemes, our algorithms are truly distributed, that is, nodes do not know n, k or connectivity in the network, except in their own neighborhoods, and they do not maintain any routing tables.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2009

Distributed Flooding-based Storage Algorithms for Large-scale Sensor Networks

In this paper we propose distributed flooding-based storage algorithms for large-scale wireless sensor networks. Assume a wireless sensor network with $n$ nodes that have limited power, memory, and bandwidth. Each node is capable of both sensing and storing data. Such sensor nodes might disappear from the network due to failures or battery depletion. Hence it is desired to design efficient schemes to collect data from these $n$ nodes. We propose two distributed storage algorithms (DSA's) that utilize network flooding to solve this problem. In the first algorithm, DSA-I, we assume that every node utilizes network flooding to disseminate its data throughout the network using a mixing time of approximately O(n). We show that this algorithm is efficient in terms of the encoding and decoding operations. In the second algorithm, DSA-II, we assume that the total number of nodes is not known to every sensor; hence dissemination of the data does not depend on $n$. The encoding operations in this case take $O(Cμ^2)$, where $μ$ is the mean degree of the network graph and $C$ is a system parameter. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms through analysis and simulation, and show that their performance matches the derived theoretical results.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2009

Encoding of Network Protection Codes Against Link and Node Failures Over Finite Fields

Link and node failures are common two fundamental problems that affect operational networks. Hence, protection of communication networks is essential to increase their reliability, performance, and operations. Much research work has been done to protect against link and node failures, and to provide reliable solutions based on pre-defined provision or dynamic restoration of the domain. In this paper we develop network protection strategies against multiple link failures using network coding and joint capacities. In these strategies, the source nodes apply network coding for their transmitted data to provide backup copies for recovery at the receivers' nodes. Such techniques can be applied to optical, IP, and mesh networks. The encoding operations of protection codes are defined over finite fields. Furthermore, the normalized capacity of the communication network is given by $(n-t)/n$ in case of $t$ link failures. In addition, a bound on the minimum required field size is derived.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2009

Raptor Codes Based Distributed Storage Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

We consider a distributed storage problem in a large-scale wireless sensor network with $n$ nodes among which $k$ acquire (sense) independent data. The goal is to disseminate the acquired information throughout the network so that each of the $n$ sensors stores one possibly coded packet and the original $k$ data packets can be recovered later in a computationally simple way from any $(1+ε)k$ of nodes for some small $ε>0$. We propose two Raptor codes based distributed storage algorithms for solving this problem. In the first algorithm, all the sensors have the knowledge of $n$ and $k$. In the second one, we assume that no sensor has such global information.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2009

Fountain Codes Based Distributed Storage Algorithms for Large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks

We consider large-scale sensor networks with n nodes, out of which k are in possession, (e.g., have sensed or collected in some other way) k information packets. In the scenarios in which network nodes are vulnerable because of, for example, limited energy or a hostile environment, it is desirable to disseminate the acquired information throughout the network so that each of the n nodes stores one (possibly coded) packet and the original k source packets can be recovered later in a computationally simple way from any (1 + ε)k nodes for some small ε> 0. We developed two distributed algorithms for solving this problem based on simple random walks and Fountain codes. Unlike all previously developed schemes, our solution is truly distributed, that is, nodes do not know n, k or connectivity in the network, except in their own neighborhoods, and they do not maintain any routing tables. In the first algorithm, all the sensors have the knowledge of n and k. In the second algorithm, each sensor estimates these parameters through the random walk dissemination. We present analysis of the communication/transmission and encoding/decoding complexity of these two algorithms, and provide extensive simulation results as well

cs.IT↗

arXiv2009

Network Coding-Based Protection Strategy Against Node Failures

The enormous increase in the usage of communication networks has made protection against node and link failures essential in the deployment of reliable networks. To prevent loss of data due to node failures, a network protection strategy is proposed that aims to withstand such failures. Particularly, a protection strategy against any single node failure is designed for a given network with a set of $n$ disjoint paths between senders and receivers. Network coding and reduced capacity are deployed in this strategy without adding extra working paths to the readily available connection paths. This strategy is based on protection against node failures as protection against multiple link failures. In addition, the encoding and decoding operational aspects of the premeditated protection strategy are demonstrated.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2008

On Quantum and Classical Error Control Codes: Constructions and Applications

It is conjectured that quantum computers are able to solve certain problems more quickly than any deterministic or probabilistic computer. A quantum computer exploits the rules of quantum mechanics to speed up computations. However, it is a formidable task to build a quantum computer, since the quantum mechanical systems storing the information unavoidably interact with their environment. Therefore, one has to mitigate the resulting noise and decoherence effects to avoid computational errors. In this work, I study various aspects of quantum error control codes -- the key component of fault-tolerant quantum information processing. I present the fundamental theory and necessary background of quantum codes and construct many families of quantum block and convolutional codes over finite fields, in addition to families of subsystem codes over symmetric and asymmetric channels. Particularly, many families of quantum BCH, RS, duadic, and convolutional codes are constructed over finite fields. Families of subsystem codes and a class of optimal MDS subsystem codes are derived over asymmetric and symmetric quantum channels. In addition, propagation rules and tables of upper bounds on subsystem code parameters are established. Classes of quantum and classical LDPC codes based on finite geometries and Latin squares are constructed.

cs.IT↗