Sania Tariq | Searcharxiv

arXiv2024

Vector-borne threats: Sustainable approaches to their diagnosis and treatment

Arbovirus is a vital, life-threatening disease worldwide and continues to be a significant problem while the world is dealing with the major coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Vectors, mostly mosquitoes and ticks, transmit this disease. Dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika viruses are the major threats because of their high incidence, public health burden, and clinically significant disease spectrum. These vector-borne disease causes one-fourth of annual deaths, leading to various infectious diseases. The arbovirus represents eight different families and 14 genera; most viruses belong to the family Bunyaviridae, and some also belong to Togaviridae, Reoviridae, and Flaviviridae. The arbovirus disease was isolated first in tropical and subtropical regions of South America and Africa and has high significance because of suitable environmental conditions for virus transmission and vector expansion. Its transmission cycle ranges from simple to highly complex. DENV is the most prevalent, results in febrile illness, and has transmission in 128 different countries. CHIKV causes infection in asymptomatic people, and the problems include nephritis, arthritis, myelitis, and acute encephalopathy. ZIKV-infected 80% of people are asymptomatic and may cause rashes, myalgia, fever, headache, and conjunctivitis. Vaccines for DENV are not clinically available; it is a primary arboviral infection in the world nowadays. The exposure of arbovirus diseases continues to be a global health problem regardless of continuing efforts. This review article will overview major arbovirus diseases and their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.

q-bio.OT↗

arXiv2023

Misuse of Antibiotics in Poultry Threatens Pakistan Communitys Health

A survey was conducted from February 2022 to May 2022 on the usage of antibiotics at a poultry farm in different areas of Multan, Punjab Pakistan. A well-organized questionnaire was used for the collection of data. Sixty poultry farms were surveyed randomly in the Multan district. All of these Farms were using antibiotics. Antibiotics are commonly used for the treatment of diseases. Some are used as preventive medicine and a few are used as growth promotors. neomycin, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, and colistin are the broad-spectrum antibiotics that are being used commercially. Enrofloxacin and Furazolidone are the common antibiotics that are being used in Studies these days. The class of Fluoroquinolones is commonly used in poultry farms. Thirty-three patterns of antibiotic usage were observed at poultry farms. multi-drug practices were also observed on various farms. In this study, 25% of antibiotics are prescribed by the veterans while more than 90 % were acquired from the veterinary store. This study provides information about the antibiotics which are commonly being used in the study location district Multan. It is expected that the finding of this survey will be helpful in the development of new strategies against the misuse of antibiotics on farms.

q-bio.PE↗