arXiv subjects

Sanjay Chakraborty

Publications and source records attributed to Sanjay Chakraborty.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Data-driven discovery and rapid, direct synthesis of MXenes

MXenes, two-dimensional transition-metal carbides and nitrides, are typically obtained from MAX phases, yet historical reports suggest a broader, largely unexplored chemical space. Here we combine machine-learning-assisted database mining with experiments to uncover overlooked multilayer (ml) MXenes. Screening of repositories reveals a "Treasure Chest" of 38 previously synthesized but unrecognized ml-MXene candidates. Guided by these findings, we rediscover five MXenes using a rapid, scalable self-propagating high-temperature synthesis that requires no sustained external heating and completes within minutes. Inspired by the identified chemistries, we further realize 11 previously unexplored rare-earth-based M2CT2 MXenes (M= Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho, and Tm). Experiments and theory reveal semiconducting behavior and diverse magnetic states across this family. Together, these results expand the MXene family and demonstrate a data-driven strategy for accelerating materials discovery through sustainable methods.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2026

A Quantum-Classical Hybrid Framework for Multivariate Time-Series Forecasting Complexity-Fidelity Trade-offs and Limitations

This paper presents a unified quantum-classical hybrid framework for multi-horizon time-series forecasting, introducing two model variants Quantum Reservoir Forecaster (QRC-F) and Variational Quantum Forecaster (VQF-F). The proposed framework investigates the complexity-fidelity trade-off of quantum forecasting under near-term NISQ hardware constraints. Continuous time-series signals are transformed into binary representations through uniform quantization and encoded into quantum states using angle encoding with parameterized RY rotation gates. Cross-channel entanglement layers capture dependencies among multiple variables. QRC-F utilizes a fixed random unitary quantum reservoir for stable, gradient-free temporal feature extraction, whereas VQF-F employs a trainable variational quantum circuit optimized through the parameter-shift rule to learn temporal and inter-variable patterns from Pauli expectation values. Both models replace computationally expensive quadratic self-attention with efficient linear transformations, reducing parameter complexity. A shared MIMO-based multi-horizon prediction head simultaneously generates forecasts across multiple horizons, avoiding error accumulation in recursive forecasting. Experimental evaluations on benchmark datasets, including ETTh1, ETTh2, ETTm1, ETTm2, Weather, electricity, and exchange-rate, demonstrate that VQF-F achieves superior training stability and parameter efficiency, while QRC-F provides enhanced robustness and circuit fidelity under quantum noise. The results establish a practical quantum-native forecasting framework with strong potential for deployment on near-term NISQ devices.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2026

Dual-Level Atomic and Coordination Geometry Learning for Crystal Property Prediction Using Graph Neural Networks

Accurate prediction of crystal properties remains a key challenge in computational materials science. While graph neural networks (GNNs) such as CGCNN, MEGNet, ALIGNN, and SchNet have shown strong performance, they primarily represent crystals at the atomic level and implicitly learn local chemical environments through message passing. However, many material properties are governed by coordination polyhedra, the fundamental structural units formed by atoms and their neighboring atoms. To address this limitation, we propose the Coordination Polyhedron Graph Network (CPGN), a multi-scale GNN that jointly learns atomic, bond, and coordination-polyhedron representations. CPGN constructs three coupled graphs: an atom graph encoding elemental and bonding information, a line graph capturing angular interactions, and a coordination polyhedron graph describing Voronoi-derived local environments through corner-, edge-, and face-sharing relationships. Physically meaningful geometric descriptors are incorporated for each polyhedron, while an interleaved message-passing mechanism with bidirectional cross-attention enables effective information exchange across structural levels. Extensive evaluations on the Materials Project, JARVIS-DFT, and QM9 benchmark datasets demonstrate that CPGN outperforms existing state-of-the-art GNN models. It achieves a formation-energy MAE of 0.060 eV/atom and a band-gap MAE of 0.292 eV on the Materials Project, while providing competitive multi-property prediction on JARVIS-DFT and superior HOMO prediction on QM9. The results highlight that explicit modeling of coordination polyhedra improves crystal representation learning and enables accurate, physically interpretable prediction of material properties.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2025

Scaling Transformers for Time Series Forecasting: Do Pretrained Large Models Outperform Small-Scale Alternatives?

Large pre-trained models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across domains, but their effectiveness in time series forecasting remains understudied. This work empirically examines whether pre-trained large-scale time series models (LSTSMs) trained on diverse datasets can outperform traditional non-pretrained small-scale transformers in forecasting tasks. We analyze state-of-the-art (SOTA) pre-trained universal time series models (e.g., Moirai, TimeGPT) alongside conventional transformers, evaluating accuracy, computational efficiency, and interpretability across multiple benchmarks. Our findings reveal the strengths and limitations of pre-trained LSTSMs, providing insights into their suitability for time series tasks compared to task-specific small-scale architectures. The results highlight scenarios where pretraining offers advantages and where simpler models remain competitive.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2025

Integrating Quantum-Classical Attention in Patch Transformers for Enhanced Time Series Forecasting

QCAAPatchTF is a quantum attention network integrated with an advanced patch-based transformer, designed for multivariate time series forecasting, classification, and anomaly detection. Leveraging quantum superpositions, entanglement, and variational quantum eigensolver principles, the model introduces a quantum-classical hybrid self-attention mechanism to capture multivariate correlations across time points. For multivariate long-term time series, the quantum self-attention mechanism can reduce computational complexity while maintaining temporal relationships. It then applies the quantum-classical hybrid self-attention mechanism alongside a feed-forward network in the encoder stage of the advanced patch-based transformer. While the feed-forward network learns nonlinear representations for each variable frame, the quantum self-attention mechanism processes individual series to enhance multivariate relationships. The advanced patch-based transformer computes the optimized patch length by dividing the sequence length into a fixed number of patches instead of using an arbitrary set of values. The stride is then set to half of the patch length to ensure efficient overlapping representations while maintaining temporal continuity. QCAAPatchTF achieves state-of-the-art performance in both long-term and short-term forecasting, classification, and anomaly detection tasks, demonstrating state-of-the-art accuracy and efficiency on complex real-world datasets.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2025

Enhancing Time Series Forecasting with Fuzzy Attention-Integrated Transformers

This paper introduces FANTF (Fuzzy Attention Network-Based Transformers), a novel approach that integrates fuzzy logic with existing transformer architectures to advance time series forecasting, classification, and anomaly detection tasks. FANTF leverages a proposed fuzzy attention mechanism incorporating fuzzy membership functions to handle uncertainty and imprecision in noisy and ambiguous time series data. The FANTF approach enhances its ability to capture complex temporal dependencies and multivariate relationships by embedding fuzzy logic principles into the self-attention module of the existing transformer's architecture. The framework combines fuzzy-enhanced attention with a set of benchmark existing transformer-based architectures to provide efficient predictions, classification and anomaly detection. Specifically, FANTF generates learnable fuzziness attention scores that highlight the relative importance of temporal features and data points, offering insights into its decision-making process. Experimental evaluatios on some real-world datasets reveal that FANTF significantly enhances the performance of forecasting, classification, and anomaly detection tasks over traditional transformer-based models.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2025

LMS-AutoTSF: Learnable Multi-Scale Decomposition and Integrated Autocorrelation for Time Series Forecasting

Time series forecasting is an important challenge with significant applications in areas such as weather prediction, stock market analysis, scientific simulations and industrial process analysis. In this work, we introduce LMS-AutoTSF, a novel time series forecasting architecture that incorporates autocorrelation while leveraging dual encoders operating at multiple scales. Unlike models that rely on predefined trend and seasonal components, LMS-AutoTSF employs two separate encoders per scale: one focusing on low-pass filtering to capture trends and the other utilizing high-pass filtering to model seasonal variations. These filters are learnable, allowing the model to dynamically adapt and isolate trend and seasonal components directly in the frequency domain. A key innovation in our approach is the integration of autocorrelation, achieved by computing lagged differences in time steps, which enables the model to capture dependencies across time more effectively. Each encoder processes the input through fully connected layers to handle temporal and channel interactions. By combining frequency-domain filtering, autocorrelation-based temporal modeling, and channel-wise transformations, LMS-AutoTSF not only accurately captures long-term dependencies and fine-grained patterns but also operates more efficiently compared to other state-of-the-art methods. Its lightweight design ensures faster processing while maintaining high precision in forecasting across diverse time horizons. The source code is publicly available at \url{http://github.com/mribrahim/LMS-TSF}

cs.LG↗

arXiv2024

EDformer: Embedded Decomposition Transformer for Interpretable Multivariate Time Series Predictions

Time series forecasting is a crucial challenge with significant applications in areas such as weather prediction, stock market analysis, and scientific simulations. This paper introduces an embedded decomposed transformer, 'EDformer', for multivariate time series forecasting tasks. Without altering the fundamental elements, we reuse the Transformer architecture and consider the capable functions of its constituent parts in this work. Edformer first decomposes the input multivariate signal into seasonal and trend components. Next, the prominent multivariate seasonal component is reconstructed across the reverse dimensions, followed by applying the attention mechanism and feed-forward network in the encoder stage. In particular, the feed-forward network is used for each variable frame to learn nonlinear representations, while the attention mechanism uses the time points of individual seasonal series embedded within variate frames to capture multivariate correlations. Therefore, the trend signal is added with projection and performs the final forecasting. The EDformer model obtains state-of-the-art predicting results in terms of accuracy and efficiency on complex real-world time series datasets. This paper also addresses model explainability techniques to provide insights into how the model makes its predictions and why specific features or time steps are important, enhancing the interpretability and trustworthiness of the forecasting results.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2024

Generative AI in Modern Education Society

Transitioning from Education 1.0 to Education 5.0, the integration of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) revolutionizes the learning environment by fostering enhanced human-machine collaboration, enabling personalized, adaptive and experiential learning, and preparing students with the skills and adaptability needed for the future workforce. Our understanding of academic integrity and the scholarship of teaching, learning, and research has been revolutionised by GenAI. Schools and universities around the world are experimenting and exploring the integration of GenAI in their education systems (like, curriculum design, teaching process and assessments, administrative tasks, results generation and so on). The findings of the literature study demonstrate how well GenAI has been incorporated into the global educational system. This study explains the roles of GenAI in the schooling and university education systems with respect to the different stakeholders (students, teachers, researchers etc,). It highlights the current challenges of integrating Generative AI into the education system and outlines future directions for leveraging GenAI to enhance educational practices.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2024

A Study on Quantum Neural Networks in Healthcare 5.0

The working environment in healthcare analytics is transforming with the emergence of healthcare 5.0 and the advancements in quantum neural networks. In addition to analyzing a comprehensive set of case studies, we also review relevant literature from the fields of quantum computing applications and smart healthcare analytics, focusing on the implications of quantum deep neural networks. This study aims to shed light on the existing research gaps regarding the implications of quantum neural networks in healthcare analytics. We argue that the healthcare industry is currently transitioning from automation towards genuine collaboration with quantum networks, which presents new avenues for research and exploration. Specifically, this study focuses on evaluating the performance of Healthcare 5.0, which involves the integration of diverse quantum machine learning and quantum neural network systems. This study also explores a range of potential challenges and future directions for Healthcare 5.0, particularly focusing on the integration of quantum neural networks.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2024

Gamified AI Approch for Early Detection of Dementia

This paper aims to develop a new deep learning-inspired gaming approach for early detection of dementia. This research integrates a robust convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model for early dementia detection using health metrics data as well as facial image data through a cognitive assessment-based gaming application. We have collected 1000 data samples of health metrics dataset from Apollo Diagnostic Center Kolkata that is labeled as either demented or non-demented for the training of MOD-1D-CNN for the game level 1 and another dataset of facial images containing 1800 facial data that are labeled as either demented or non-demented is collected by our research team for the training of MOD-2D-CNN model in-game level 2. In our work, the loss for the proposed MOD-1D-CNN model is 0.2692 and the highest accuracy is 70.50% for identifying the dementia traits using real-life health metrics data. Similarly, the proposed MOD-2D-CNN model loss is 0.1755 and the highest accuracy is obtained here 95.72% for recognizing the dementia status using real-life face-based image data. Therefore, a rule-based weightage method is applied to combine both the proposed methods to achieve the final decision. The MOD-1D-CNN and MOD-2D-CNN models are more lightweight and computationally efficient alternatives because they have a significantly lower number of parameters when compared to the other state-of-the-art models. We have compared their accuracies and parameters with the other state-of-the-art deep learning models.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

Detection and Classification of Novel Attacks and Anomaly in IoT Network using Rule based Deep Learning Model

Attackers are now using sophisticated techniques, like polymorphism, to change the attack pattern for each new attack. Thus, the detection of novel attacks has become the biggest challenge for cyber experts and researchers. Recently, anomaly and hybrid approaches are used for the detection of network attacks. Detecting novel attacks, on the other hand, is a key enabler for a wide range of IoT applications. Novel attacks can easily evade existing signature-based detection methods and are extremely difficult to detect, even going undetected for years. Existing machine learning models have also failed to detect the attack and have a high rate of false positives. In this paper, a rule-based deep neural network technique has been proposed as a framework for addressing the problem of detecting novel attacks. The designed framework significantly improves respective benchmark results, including the CICIDS 2017 dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed model keeps a good balance between attack detection, untruthful positive rates, and untruthful negative rates. For novel attacks, the model has an accuracy of more than 99%. During the automatic interaction between network-devices (IoT), security and privacy are the primary obstacles. Our proposed method can handle these obstacles efficiently and finally identify, and classify the different levels of threats.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2020

Quantum Image Processing -- Challenges and Future Research Issues

Image processing on quantum platform is a hot topic for researchers now a day. Inspired from the idea of quantum physics, researchers are trying to shift their focus from classical image processing towards quantum image processing.This paper starts with a brief review of the principles which underlie quantum computing, and also deals with some of the basics of qubits and quantum computing.Then this paper starts to deal with some different methods of image storage, representation and retrieval in a quantum system.This paper also describes the advantages of using those methods in quantum systems compare to classical systems. In the next section, a short discussion on some of the important aspects, comparison among them and applications of quantum image processing is presented. A few other hot topics and open problems in quantum image processing are mentioned in this paper. This review article will provide the readership an overview of progress witnessed in the area of Quantum Image processing while also simulating further interest to pursue more advanced research in it.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2019

A Study and Analysis of a Feature Subset Selection Technique using Penguin Search Optimization Algorithm (FS-PeSOA)

In today world of enormous amounts of data, it is very important to extract useful knowledge from it. This can be accomplished by feature subset selection. Feature subset selection is a method of selecting a minimum number of features with the help of which our machine can learn and predict which class a particular data belongs to. We will introduce a new adaptive algorithm called Feature selection Penguin Search optimization algorithm which is a metaheuristic approach. It is adapted from the natural hunting strategy of penguins in which a group of penguins take jumps at random depths and come back and share the status of food availability with other penguins and in this way, the global optimum solution is found. In order to explore the feature subset candidates, the bioinspired approach Penguin Search optimization algorithm generates during the process a trial feature subset and estimates its fitness value by using three different classifiers for each case: Random Forest, Nearest Neighbour and Support Vector Machines. However, we are planning to implement our proposed approach Feature selection Penguin Search optimization algorithm on some well known benchmark datasets collected from the UCI repository and also try to evaluate and compare its classification accuracy with some state of art algorithms.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2016

A review on application of data mining techniques to combat natural disasters

Thousands of human lives are lost every year around the globe, apart from significant damage on property, animal life, etc., due to natural disasters (e.g., earthquake, flood, tsunami, hurricane and other storms, landslides, cloudburst, heat wave, forest fire). In this paper, we focus on reviewing the application of data mining and analytical techniques designed so far for (i) prediction, (ii) detection, and (iii) development of appropriate disaster management strategy based on the collected data from disasters. A detailed description of availability of data from geological observatories (seismological, hydrological), satellites, remote sensing and newer sources like social networking sites as twitter is presented. An extensive and in-depth literature study on current techniques for disaster prediction, detection and management has been done and the results are summarized according to various types of disasters. Finally a framework for building a disaster management database for India hosted on open source Big Data platform like Hadoop in a phased manner has been proposed. The study has special focus on India which ranks among top five counties in terms of absolute number of the loss of human life.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2016

Sentiment Analysis of Review Datasets Using Naive Bayes and K-NN Classifier

The advent of Web 2.0 has led to an increase in the amount of sentimental content available in the Web. Such content is often found in social media web sites in the form of movie or product reviews, user comments, testimonials, messages in discussion forums etc. Timely discovery of the sentimental or opinionated web content has a number of advantages, the most important of all being monetization. Understanding of the sentiments of human masses towards different entities and products enables better services for contextual advertisements, recommendation systems and analysis of market trends. The focus of our project is sentiment focussed web crawling framework to facilitate the quick discovery of sentimental contents of movie reviews and hotel reviews and analysis of the same. We use statistical methods to capture elements of subjective style and the sentence polarity. The paper elaborately discusses two supervised machine learning algorithms: K-Nearest Neighbour(K-NN) and Naive Bayes and compares their overall accuracy, precisions as well as recall values. It was seen that in case of movie reviews Naive Bayes gave far better results than K-NN but for hotel reviews these algorithms gave lesser, almost same accuracies.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2015

Can JSP Code be Generated Using XML Tags?

Over the years, a variety of web services have started using server-side scripting to deliver results back to a client as a paid or free service; one such server-side scripting language is Java Server Pages (JSP). Also Extensible markup language (XML), is being adopted by most web developers as a tool to describe data.Therefore, we present a conversion method which uses predefined XML tags as input and generates the corresponding JSP code. However, the end users are required to have a basic experience with web pages. This conversion method aims to reduce the time and effort spent by the user (web developer) to get acquainted with JSP. The conversion process abstracts the user from the intricacies of JSP and enables him to focus on the business logic.

cs.OH↗

arXiv2014

Canonical PSO Based k-Means Clustering Approach for Real Datasets

"Clustering" the significance and application of this technique is spread over various fields. Clustering is an unsupervised process in data mining, that is why the proper evaluation of the results and measuring the compactness and separability of the clusters are important issues.The procedure of evaluating the results of a clustering algorithm is known as cluster validity measure. Different types of indexes are used to solve different types of problems and indices selection depends on the kind of available data.This paper first proposes Canonical PSO based K-means clustering algorithm and also analyses some important clustering indices (intercluster, intracluster) and then evaluates the effects of those indices on real-time air pollution database,wholesale customer, wine, and vehicle datasets using typical K-means, Canonical PSO based K-means, simple PSO based K-means,DBSCAN, and Hierarchical clustering algorithms.This paper also describes the nature of the clusters and finally compares the performances of these clustering algorithms according to the validity assessment. It also defines which algorithm will be more desirable among all these algorithms to make proper compact clusters on this particular real life datasets. It actually deals with the behaviour of these clustering algorithms with respect to validation indexes and represents their results of evaluation in terms of mathematical and graphical forms.

cs.DB↗