arXiv subjects

Sascha Troscheit

Publications and source records attributed to Sascha Troscheit.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

On exponential separation of analytic self-conformal sets on the real line

In a recent article, Rapaport showed that there is no dimension drop for exponentially separated analytic IFSs on the real line. We show that the set of such exponentially separated IFSs in the space of analytic IFSs contains an open and dense set in the $\mathcal{C}^2$ topology. Moreover, we give a sufficient condition for the IFS to be exponentially separated which allows us to construct explicit examples which are exponentially separated. The key technical tool is the introduction of the \emph{dual IFS} which we believe has significant interest in its own right. As an application we also characterise when an analytic IFS can be conjugated to a self-similar IFS.

math.DS↗

arXiv2025

Recent Progress on Fractal Percolation

This is a survey paper about the fractal percolation process, also known as Mandelbrot percolation. It is intended to give a general breadth overview of more recent research in the topic, but also includes some of the more classical results, for example related to the connectivity properties. Particular emphasis is put on the dimension theory of the limiting set and also on the geometry of the non-trivial connected components in the supercritical regime. In particular, we show that both the Assouad spectrum and intermediate dimensions of the non-trivial connected components are constant equal to its box dimension despite its Hausdorff, box and Assouad dimensions known to being distinct.

math.PR↗

arXiv2025

On the Fourier transform of random Bernoulli convolutions

We investigate random Bernoulli convolutions, namely, probability measures given by the infinite convolution \[ \mu_\omega = \mathop{\circledast}_{k=1}^{\infty} \left( \frac{\delta_0 + \delta_{\lambda_1 \lambda_2 \ldots \lambda_{k-1} \lambda_k}}{2} \right), \] where $\omega=(\lambda_k)$ is a sequence of i.i.d. random variables each following the uniform distribution on some fixed interval. We study the regularity of these measures and prove that when $\exp\mathbb{E}\left( \log \lambda_1\right)>\frac{2}{\pi}, $ the Fourier transform $\widehat{\mu}_\omega$ is an $L^{1}$ function almost surely. This in turn implies that the corresponding random self-similar set supporting $\mu_{\omega}$ has non-empty interior almost surely. This improves upon a previous bound due to Peres, Simon and Solomyak. Furthermore, under no assumptions on the value of $\exp \mathbb{E}(\log \lambda_1), $ we prove that $\widehat \mu_\omega$ will decay to zero at a polynomial rate almost surely.

math.DS↗

arXiv2025

Dynamical covering sets in self-similar sets

We study the size of \emph{dynamical covering sets} on a self-similar set. Dynamical covering sets are limsup sets generated by placing shrinking target sets around points along an orbit in a dynamical system. In the case when the target sets are balls with sizes depending on the centre, we determine the size of the dynamical covering set as a function of the shrinking rate. In particular, we find sharp conditions guaranteeing when full Dvoretzky-type covering, and full measure occur. We also compute the Hausdorff dimension in the remaining cases. The proofs apply in the cases of targets centred at typical points of the self-similar set, with respect to any Bernoulli measure on it. Unlike in existing work on dynamical coverings, and despite the dimension value featuring phase transitions, we demonstrate that the behaviour can be characterised by a single pressure function over the full range of parameters. The techniques are a combination of classical dimension theoretical estimates and intricate martingale arguments.

math.DS↗

arXiv2024

Minkowski weak embedding theorem

A well-known theorem of Assouad states that metric spaces satisfying the doubling property can be snowflaked and bi-Lipschitz embedded into Euclidean spaces. Due to the invariance of many geometric properties under bi-Lipschitz maps, this result greatly facilitates the study of such spaces. We prove a non-injective analog of this embedding theorem for spaces of finite Minkowski dimension. This allows for non-doubling spaces to be weakly embedded and studied in the usual Euclidean setting. Such spaces often arise in the context of random geometry and mathematical physics with the Brownian continuum tree and Liouville quantum gravity metrics being prominent examples.

math.MG↗

arXiv2024

On continuum real trees of circle maps and their graphs

The Brownian continuum tree was extensively studied in the 90s as a universal random metric space. One construction obtains the continuum tree by a change of metric from an excursion function (or continuous circle mapping) on $[0,1]$. This change of metric can be applied to all excursion functions, and generally to continuous circle mappings. In 2008, Picard proved that the dimension theory of the tree is connected to its associated contour function: the upper box dimension of the continuum tree coincides with the variation index of the contour function. In this article we give a short and direct proof of Picard's theorem through the study of packings. We develop related and equivalent notions of variations and variation indices and study their basic properties. Finally, we link the dimension theory of the tree with the dimension theory of the graph of its contour function.

math.CA↗

arXiv2023

Interpolating with generalized Assouad dimensions

The $\phi$-Assouad dimensions are a family of dimensions which interpolate between the upper box and Assouad dimensions. They are a generalization of the well-studied Assouad spectrum with a more general form of scale sensitivity that is often closely related to "phase-transition" phenomena in sets. In this article we establish a number of key properties of the $\phi$-Assouad dimensions which help to clarify their behaviour. We prove for any bounded doubling metric space $F$ and $\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$ satisfying $\overline{\operatorname{dim}}_{\mathrm{B}}F<\alpha\leq\operatorname{dim}_{\mathrm{A}} F$ that there is a function $\phi$ so that the $\phi$-Assouad dimension of $F$ is equal to $\alpha$. We further show that the "upper" variant of the dimension is fully determined by the $\phi$-Assouad dimension, and that homogeneous Moran sets are in a certain sense generic for these dimensions. Further, we study explicit examples of sets where the Assouad spectrum does not reach the Assouad dimension. We prove a precise formula for the $\phi$-Assouad dimensions for Galton--Watson trees that correspond to a general class of stochastically self-similar sets, including Mandelbrot percolation. This result follows from two results which may be of general interest: a sharp large deviations theorem for Galton--Watson processes with bounded offspring distribution, and a Borel--Cantelli-type lemma for infinite structures in random trees. Finally, we obtain results on the $\phi$-Assouad dimensions of overlapping self-similar sets and decreasing sequences with decreasing gaps.

math.CA↗

arXiv2023

Stability relations for Hilbert space operators and a problem of Kaplansky

In his monograph on Infinite Abelian Groups, I. Kaplansky raised three ``test problems" concerning their structure and multiplicity. As noted by Azoff, these problems make sense for any category admitting a direct sum operation. Here, we are interested in the operator theoretic version of Kaplansky's second problem which asks: if $A$ and $B$ are operators on an infinite-dimensional, separable Hilbert space and $A \oplus A$ is equivalent to $B \oplus B$ in some (precise) sense, is $A$ equivalent to $B$? We examine this problem under a strengthening of the hypothesis, where a ``primitive" square root $J_2(A)$ of $A\oplus A$ is assumed to be equivalent to the corresponding square root $J_2(B)$ of $B \oplus B$. When ``equivalence" refers to similarity of operators and $A$ is a compact operator, we deduce from this stronger hypothesis that $A$ and $B$ are similar. We exhibit a counterexample (due to J. Bell) of this phenomenon in the setting of unital rings. Also, we exhibit an uncountable family $\{ U_\alpha\}_{\alpha \in \Omega}$ of unitary operators, no two of which are unitarily equivalent, such that each $U_\alpha$ is unitarily equivalent to $J_n(U_\alpha)$, a ``primitive" $n^{th}$ root of $U_\alpha \oplus U_\alpha \oplus \cdots \oplus U_\alpha$.

math.FA↗

arXiv2022

Box-counting dimension in one-dimensional random geometry of multiplicative cascades

We investigate the box-counting dimension of the image of a set $E \subset \mathbb{R}$ under a random multiplicative cascade function $f$. The corresponding result for Hausdorff dimension was established by Benjamini and Schramm in the context of random geometry, and for sufficiently regular sets, the same formula holds for the box-counting dimension. However, we show that this is far from true in general, and we compute explicitly a formula of a very different nature that gives the almost sure box-counting dimension of the random image $f(E)$ when the set $E$ comprises a convergent sequence. In particular, the box-counting dimension of $f(E)$ depends more subtly on $E$ than just on its dimensions. We also obtain lower and upper bounds for the box-counting dimension of the random images for general sets $E$.

math.PR↗

arXiv2021

Dynamically defined subsets of generic self-affine sets

In dynamical systems, shrinking target sets and pointwise recurrent sets are two important classes of dynamically defined subsets. In this article we introduce a mild condition on the linear parts of the affine mappings that allow us to bound the Hausdorff dimension of cylindrical shrinking target and recurrence sets. For generic self-affine sets in the sense of Falconer, that is by randomising the translation part of the affine maps, we prove that these bounds are sharp. These mild assumptions mean that our results significantly extend and complement the existing literature for recurrence on self-affine sets.

math.DS↗

arXiv2021

On the Minkowski content of self-similar random homogeneous iterated function systems

The Minkowski content of a compact set is a fine measure of its geometric scaling. For Lebesgue null sets it measures the decay of the Lebesgue measure of epsilon neighbourhoods of the set. It is well known that self-similar sets, satisfying reasonable separation conditions and non-log comensurable contraction ratios, have a well-defined Minkowski content. When dropping the contraction conditions, the more general notion of average Minkowski content still exists. For random recursive self-similar sets the Minkowski content also exists almost surely, whereas for random homogeneous self-similar sets it was recently shown by Z\"{a}hle that the Minkowski content exists in expectation. In this short note we show that the upper Minkowski content, as well as the upper average Minkowski content of random homogeneous self-similar sets is infinite, almost surely, answering a conjecture posed by Z\"{a}hle. Additionally, we show that in the random homogeneous equicontractive self-similar setting the lower Minkowski content is zero and the lower average Minkowski content is also infinite. These results are in stark contrast to the random recursive model or the mean behaviour of random homogeneous attractors.

math.DS↗

arXiv2020

Analogues of Khintchine's theorem for random attractors

In this paper we study random iterated function systems. Our main result gives sufficient conditions for an analogue of a well known theorem due to Khintchine from Diophantine approximation to hold almost surely for stochastically self-similar and self-affine random iterated function systems.

math.DS↗

arXiv2019

On quasisymmetric embeddings of the Brownian map and continuum trees

The Brownian map is a model of random geometry on the sphere and as such an important object in probability theory and physics. It has been linked to Liouville Quantum Gravity and much research has been devoted to it. One open question asks for a canonical embedding of the Brownian map into the sphere or other, more abstract, metric spaces. Similarly, Liouville Quantum Gravity has been shown to be "equivalent" to the Brownian map but the exact nature of the correspondence (i.e.\ embedding) is still unknown. In this article we show that any embedding of the Brownian map or continuum random tree into $\mathbb{R}^d$, $\mathbb{S}^d$, $\mathbb{T}^d$, or more generally any doubling metric space, cannot be quasisymmetric. We achieve this with the aid of dimension theory by identifying a metric structure that is invariant under quasisymmetric mappings (such as isometries) and which implies infinite Assouad dimension. We show, using elementary methods, that this structure is almost surely present in the Brownian continuum random tree and the Brownian map. We further show that snowflaking the metric is not sufficient to find an embedding and discuss continuum trees as a tool to studying "fractal functions".

math.PR↗

arXiv2019

Regularity versus smoothness of measures

The Assouad and lower dimensions and dimension spectra quantify the regularity of a measure by considering the relative measure of concentric balls. On the other hand, one can quantify the smoothness of an absolutely continuous measure by considering the $L^p$ norms of its density. We establish sharp relationships between these two notions. Roughly speaking, we show that smooth measures must be regular, but that regular measures need not be smooth.

math.FA↗

arXiv2019

Assouad spectrum thresholds for some random constructions

The Assouad dimension of a metric space determines its extremal scaling properties. The derived notion of the Assouad spectrum fixes relative scales by a scaling function to obtain interpolation behaviour between the quasi-Assouad and box-counting dimensions. While the quasi-Assouad and Assouad dimensions often coincide, they generally differ in random constructions. In this paper we consider a generalised Assouad spectrum that interpolates between the quasi-Assouad to the Assouad dimension. For common models of random fractal sets we obtain a dichotomy of its behaviour by finding a threshold function where the quasi-Assouad behaviour transitions to the Assouad dimension. This threshold can be considered a phase transition and we compute the threshold for the Gromov boundary of Galton-Watson trees and one-variable random self-similar and self-affine constructions. We describe how the stochastically self-similar model can be derived from the Galton-Watson tree result.

math.MG↗

arXiv2018

Lower Assouad Dimension of Measures and Regularity

In analogy with the lower Assouad dimensions of a set, we study the lower Assouad dimensions of a measure. As with the upper Assouad dimensions, the lower Assouad dimensions of a measure provide information about the extreme local behaviour of the measure. We study the connection with other dimensions and with regularity properties. In particular, the quasi-lower Assouad dimension is dominated by the infimum of the measure's lower local dimensions. Although strict inequality is possible in general, equality holds for the class of self-similar measures of finite type. This class includes all self-similar, equicontractive measures satisfying the open set condition, as well as certain `overlapping' self-similar measures, such as Bernoulli convolutions with contraction factors that are inverses of Pisot numbers. We give lower bounds for the lower Assouad dimension for measures arising from a Moran construction, prove that self-affine measures are uniformly perfect and have positive lower Assouad dimension, prove that the Assouad spectrum of a measure converges to its quasi-Assouad dimension and show that coincidence of the upper and lower Assouad dimension of a measure does not imply that the measure is $s$-regular.

math.MG↗

arXiv2018

Quasi-doubling of self-similar measures with overlaps

The Assouad and quasi-Assouad dimensions of a metric space provide information about the extreme local geometric nature of the set. The Assouad dimension of a set has a measure theoretic analogue, which is also known as the upper regularity dimension. One reason for the interest in this notion is that a measure has finite Assouad dimension if and only if it is doubling. Motivated by recent progress on both the Assouad dimension of measures that satisfy a strong separation condition and the quasi-Assouad dimension of metric spaces, we introduce the notion of the quasi-Assouad dimension of a measure. As with sets, the quasi-Assouad dimension of a measure is dominated by its Assouad dimension. It dominates both the quasi-Assouad dimension of its support and the supremal local dimension of the measure, with strict inequalities possible in all cases. Our main focus is on self-similar measures in $\mathbb{R}$ whose support is an interval and which may have `overlaps'. For measures that satisfy a weaker condition than the weak separation condition we prove that finite quasi-Assouad dimension is equivalent to quasi-doubling of the measure, a strictly less restrictive property than doubling. Further, we exhibit a large class of such measures for which the quasi-Assouad dimension coincides with the maximum of the local dimension at the endpoints of the support. This class includes all regular, equicontractive self-similar measures satisfying the weak separation condition, such as convolutions of uniform Cantor measures with integer ratio of dissection. Other properties of this dimension are also established and many examples are given.

math.MG↗

arXiv2018

The Assouad spectrum of random self-affine carpets

We derive the almost sure Assouad spectrum and quasi-Assouad dimension of random self-affine Bedford-McMullen carpets. Previous work has revealed that the (related) Assouad dimension is not sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between subtle changes in the random model, since it tends to be almost surely `as large as possible' (a deterministic quantity). This has been verified in conformal and non-conformal settings. In the conformal setting, the Assouad spectrum and quasi-Assouad dimension behave rather differently, tending to almost surely coincide with the upper box dimension. Here we investigate the non-conformal setting and find that the Assouad spectrum and quasi-Assouad dimension generally do not coincide with the box dimension or Assouad dimension. We provide examples highlighting the subtle differences between these notions. Our proofs combine deterministic covering techniques with suitably adapted Chernoff estimates and Borel-Cantelli type arguments.

math.DS↗