arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Satoshi Mishima.
We review recent developments in the perturbative QCD approach to exclusive hadronic B meson decays. We discuss the important next-to-leading-order corrections to B -> pi K, pi pi, and the penguin-dominated B -> PV modes, where P (V) is a pseudo-scalar (vector) meson.
We study the penguin pollution in the B^0 -> J/psi K_S decay up to leading power in 1/m_b and to next-to-leading order in α_s, m_b being the b quark mass and α_s the strong coupling constant. The deviation ΔS_{J/psi K_S} of the mixing-induced CP asymmetry from sin(2ϕ_1) and the direct CP asymmetry A_{J/psi K_S} are both found to be of O(10^{-3}) in a formalism that combines the QCD-improved factorization and perturbative QCD approaches.
We present the most complete analysis of the penguin correction to the extraction of the standard-model parameter sin(2ϕ_1) from the B^0 -> J/psi K_S decay up to leading power in 1/m_b and to next-to-leading order in α_s, ϕ_1 being the weak phase, m_b the b quark mass, and α_s the strong coupling constant. The deviation ΔS_{J/psi K_S} of the mixing-induced CP asymmetry from sin(2ϕ_1) and the direct CP asymmetry A_{J/psi K_S} are both found to be of O(10^{-3}) in a formalism that combines the QCD-improved factorization and perturbative QCD approaches. The above results, different from those of O(10^{-4}) and of O(10^{-2}) obtained in the previous calculations, provide an important standard-model reference for verifying new physics from the B^0 -> J/psi K_S data.
We study the penguin-dominated B -> PV decays, with P (V) representing a pseudo-scalar (vector) meson, in the next-to-leading-order (NLO) perturbative QCD (PQCD) formalism, concentrating on the B -> K phi, pi K^*, rho K, and omega K modes. It is found that the NLO corrections dramatically enhance the B -> rho K, omega K branching ratios, which were estimated to be small under the naive factorization assumption. The patterns of the direct CP asymmetries A_{CP}(B^0 -> rho^\mp K^\pm) \approx A_{CP}(B^\pm -> rho^0 K^\pm) and |A_{CP}(B^0 -> pi^\mp K^{*\pm})| > |A_{CP}(B^\pm -> pi^0 K^{*\pm})| are predicted, differing from |A_{CP}(B^0 -> pi^\mp K^\pm)| >> |A_{CP}(B^\pm -> pi^0 K^\pm)|. The above patterns, if confirmed by data, will support the source of strong phases from the scalar penguin annihilation in PQCD. The results for the mixing-induced CP asymmetries S_f are consistent with those obtained in the literature, except that our S_{rho^0 K_S} is as low as 0.5.
We point out that the right-handed squark mixings can sizably enhance SUSY contributions to Delta M_s by taking into account renormalization group effects via the CKM matrix. The recent result of Delta M_s from the D0 experiment at the Tevatron thus implies a strong constraint on the right-handed mixings.
We point out that the B -> rho rho data have seriously constrained the possibility of resolving the B -> pi pi puzzle from the large observed B^0 -> pi^0 pi^0 branching ratio in the available theoretical approaches. The next-to-leading-order (NLO) contributions from the vertex corrections, the quark loops, and the magnetic penguin evaluated in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach have saturated the experimental upper bound of the B^0 -> rho^0 rho^0 branching ratio, and do not help. The NLO PQCD predictions for the B^0 -> rho^\mp rho^\pm and B^\pm -> rho^\pm rho^0 branching ratios are consistent with the data. The inclusion of the NLO jet function from the soft-collinear effective theory into the QCD-improved factorization approach, though enhancing the B^0 -> pi^0 pi^0 branching ratio sufficiently, overshoots the bound of the B^0 -> rho^0 rho^0 branching ratio, and deteriorates the predictions for the B^\pm -> pi^0 K^\pm and B^0 -> pi^\mp K^\pm direct CP asymmetries.
I review recent progress on exclusive hadronic B meson decays in the perturbative QCD approach, with focus on puzzles in the branching ratios and the CP asymmetries of the B -> pi K and B -> pi pi modes, and polarization fractions in B -> VV modes.
We calculate the important next-to-leading-order contributions to the B -> pi K, pi pi decays from the vertex corrections, the quark loops, and the magnetic penguins in the perturbative QCD approach. It is found that the latter two reduce the leading-order penguin amplitudes by about 10%, and modify only the B -> pi K branching ratios. The main effect of the vertex corrections is to increase the small color-suppressed tree amplitude by a factor of 3, which then resolves the large difference between the direct CP asymmetries of the B^0 -> pi^\mp K^\pm and B^\pm -> pi^0 K^\pm modes. The puzzle from the large B^0 -> pi^0 pi^0 branching ratio still remains.
We demonstrate that the polarization fractions of most tree-dominated $B\to VV$ decays can be simply understood by means of kinematics in the heavy-quark or large-energy limit. For example, the longitudinal polarization fractions $R_L$ of the $B^0\to (D_s^{*+}, D^{*+}, ρ^+)D^{*-}$ and $B^+\to (D_s^{*+}, D^{*+}, ρ^+)ρ^0$ modes increase as the masses of the mesons $D_s^{*+}, D^{*+}, ρ^+$ emitted from the weak vertex decrease. The subleading finite-mass or finite-energy corrections modify these simple estimates only slightly. Our predictions for the $B\to D_{(s)}^* D^*$ polarization fractions derived in the perturbative QCD framework, especially $R_L\sim 1$ for $B^0\to {\bar D}^{*0} D^{*0}$ governed by nonfactorizable $W$-exchange amplitudes, can be confronted with future data. For penguin-dominated modes, such as $B\toρ(ω) K^*$, the polarization fractions can be understood by the annihilation effect from the $(S-P)(S+P)$ operators, plus the interference with a small tree amplitude. At last, we comment on the various mechanism proposed in the literature to explain the abnormal $B\to ϕK^*$ polarization data, none of which are satisfactory.
We discuss a possibility of large electroweak(EW) penguin contribution in B-->K pi and pi pi. The recent experimental data may be still suggesting that there are some discrepancies between the data and theoretical estimations. In B --> K pi decays, to explain several theoretical relations among the branching ratios, a slightly large electroweak penguin contribution and large strong phase differences or quite large color suppressed tree contribution seem to be needed. The contributions should appear also in B --> pi pi. We show, as an example, a solution to solve the discrepancies in both B --> K pi and B --> pi pi. It may be suggesting to need the large electroweak penguin contribution with new weak phases and some SU(3) breaking effects by new physics in both QCD and electroweak penguin type processes.
Recent results on the mixing-induced CP asymmetries of B \to ϕK^0 and B \to η' K_S measured at B-factories appear to indicate discrepancies from the Standard Model expectation. Explanation of this possible anomaly is given in the context of supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. It is shown that the present data, if the average of two experiments is taken, implies additional CP violation appearing in the generation mixing of left-handed squarks rather than that of right-handed ones. This explanation is argued to disfavor many mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry breaking, including minimal supergravity, because renormalization group effects via Yukawa interaction are unlikely to generate the desired mass mixing.
We study the effects of supersymmetric contribution on both the B_d -> phi K^0 and B^\pm -> phi K^\pm modes using the perturbative QCD approach. We estimate the deviation of mixing-induced and direct CP asymmetries and discuss the strong-phase dependence of them.
We discuss potential to measure squark flavor mixings based on future data at super B factory and LHC. In particular we focus on the imaginary part of the mixings by investigating the CP violating observables. As a result, we find they are determined with the uncertainty about 10 % at best.
We discuss about a possibility of large electroweak penguin contribution in B -> K pi and pi pi from recent experimental data. The experimental data may be suggesting that there are some discrepancies between the data and theoretical estimation in the branching ratios of them. In B -> K pi decays, to explain it, a large electroweak penguin contribution and large strong phase differences seem to be needed. The contributions should appear also in B -> pi pi. We show, as an example, a solution to solve the discrepancies in both B -> K pi and B -> pi pi. However the magnitude of the parameters and the strong phase estimated from experimental data are quite large compared with the theoretical estimations. It may be suggesting some new physics effects are including in these processes. We will have to discuss about the dependence of the new physics. To explain both modes at once, we may need large electroweak penguin contribution with new weak phases and some SU(3) breaking effects by new physics in both QCD and electroweak penguin type processes.
We study the effects of the MSSM contribution on B -> phi K decays using the perturbative QCD approach. In this approach, strong phases can be calculated, so that we can predict the values of CP asymmetries with the MSSM contribution. We predict a large relative strong phase between the penguin amplitude and the chromomagnetic penguin amplitude. If there is a new CP violating phase in the chromomagnetic penguin amplitude, then the CP asymmetries may change significantly from the SM prediction. We parametrize the new physics contributions that appear in the Wilson coefficients. We maximize the new physics parameters up to the point where it is limited by experimental constraints. In the case of the LR insertion, we find that the direct CP asymmetries can reach about 85% and the indirect CP asymmetry can reach about -30%.
New physics contributions to B decays often arise through chromo-magnetic penguin operators. To look for new physics effects in B decays, it is useful to be able to estimate the hadronic matrix elements for the chromo-magnetic operator. We compute this contribution to B ->phi K decays using PQCD methods. It is shown that, if the Wilson coefficient of the new physics is same order of magnitude as that of the Standard Model, this operator gives a non-negligible contribution compared to that of the Standard Model (about 30%). We also investigate the value of q^2, which is the momentum transferred by the gluon in the chromo-magnetic penguin operator. We find that the expectation value is approximately M^2_B/4, in agreement with a naive guess. This result, however, is very sensitive to the scale dependence of the Wilson coefficient. We also show that the matrix element for the chromo-magnetic penguin operator is independent of the choice of energy scale to a very good approximation.