Countable IET Models and Defect Sets for Interval Translation Maps
Interval translation maps are piecewise translations for which the images of distinct continuity intervals may overlap. We study when their measured dynamics can be represented by finite or countable interval exchange transformations. First, we give a direct entropy-based proof of the known fact that an interval translation map is invertible almost everywhere with respect to every nonatomic invariant probability measure. The proof uses a polynomial upper bound for the complexity of the natural branch coding. We then use a consequence of a theorem of Arnoux, Ornstein, and Weiss: every nonatomic measure-preserving automorphism of a standard probability space admits a countable interval exchange transformation model. Applied to the almost-everywhere invertible core, this gives an abstract countable interval exchange transformation model for every measured interval translation map. We next study the canonical order-preserving coordinate defined by the distribution function of the invariant measure. For each branch, we introduce a positive defect measure recording the excess measure carried by its direct image. Its push-forward to the distribution coordinate gives a canonical cut set such that, away from this set, the induced map is locally a translation. Finite defect support yields a finite interval exchange transformation model, while a Lebesgue-null defect cut set yields a countable model. Under branchwise nonsingularity, the defect support is the closure of the cuts arising from active gaps in the support, giving an equivalent geometric characterization of the finite case. Finally, for a self-similar infinite-type Bruin-Troubetzkoy map, we compute the canonical defect cut set explicitly. It is countably infinite and Lebesgue-null, yielding a genuinely countable, non-finite interval exchange transformation model.