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Sergio Ferrara

Publications and source records attributed to Sergio Ferrara.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Perturbative and Non-Perturbative Aspects of N=8 Supergravity

Some aspects of quantum properties of N=8 supergravity in four dimensions are discussed for non-practitioners. At perturbative level, they include the Weyl trace anomaly as well as composite duality anomalies, the latter being relevant for perturbative finiteness. At non-perturbative level, we briefly review some facts about extremal black holes, their Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and attractor flows for single- and two-centered solutions.

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Split Attractor Flow in N=2 Minimally Coupled Supergravity

We classify the stability region, marginal stability walls (MS) and split attractor flows for two-center extremal black holes in four-dimensional N=2 supergravity minimally coupled to n vector multiplets. It is found that two-center (continuous) charge orbits, classified by four duality invariants, either support a stability region ending on a MS wall or on an anti-marginal stability (AMS) wall, but not both. Therefore, the scalar manifold never contains both walls. Moreover, the BPS mass of the black hole composite (in its stability region) never vanishes in the scalar manifold. For these reasons, the "bound state transformation walls" phenomenon does not necessarily occur in these theories. The entropy of the flow trees also satisfies an inequality which forbids "entropy enigma" decays in these models. Finally, the non-BPS case, due to the existence of a "fake" superpotential satisfying a triangle inequality, can be treated as well, and it can be shown to exhibit a split attractor flow dynamics which, at least in the n=1 case, is analogous to the BPS one.

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Superconformal Symmetry, NMSSM, and Inflation

We identify a particularly simple class of supergravity models describing superconformal coupling of matter to supergravity. In these models, which we call the canonical superconformal supergravity (CSS) models, the kinetic terms in the Jordan frame are canonical, and the scalar potential is the same as in the global theory. The pure supergravity part of the total action has a local Poincare supersymmetry, whereas the chiral and vector multiplets coupled to supergravity have a larger local superconformal symmetry. The scale-free globally supersymmetric theories, such as the NMSSM with a scale-invariant superpotential, can be naturally embedded into this class of theories. After the supergravity embedding, the Jordan frame scalar potential of such theories remains scale free; it is quartic, it contains no mass terms, no nonrenormalizable terms, no cosmological constant. The local superconformal symmetry can be broken by additional terms, which, in the small field limit, are suppressed by the gravitational coupling. This can be achieved by introducing the nonminimal scalar-curvature coupling, and by taking into account interactions with a hidden sector. In this approach, the smallness of the mass parameters in the NMSSM may be traced back to the original superconformal invariance. This allows to address the μ-problem and the cosmological domain wall problem in this model, and to implement chaotic inflation in the NMSSM. We discuss the gravitino problem in the NMSSM inflation, as well as the possibility to obtain a broad class of new versions of chaotic inflation in supergravity.

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Matrix Norms, BPS Bounds and Marginal Stability in N=8 Supergravity

We study the conditions of marginal stability for two-center extremal black holes in N-extended supergravity in four dimensions, with particular emphasis on the N=8 case. This is achieved by exploiting triangle inequalities satisfied by matrix norms. Using different norms and relative bounds among them, we establish the existence of marginal stability and split attractor flows both for BPS and some non-BPS solutions. Our results are in agreement with previous analysis based on explicit construction of multi-center solutions.

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Black Holes and Attractors in Supergravity

We discuss some of the basic features of extremal black holes in four-dimensional extended supergravities. Firstly, all regular solutions display an attractor behavior for the scalar field evolution towards the black hole horizon. Secondly, they can be obtained by solving first order flow equations even when they are not supersymmetric, provided one identifies a suitable superpotential W which also gives the black hole entropy at the horizon and its ADM mass at spatial infinity. We focus on N=8 supergravity and we review the basic role played by U-duality of the underlying supergravity in determining the attractors, their entropies, their masses and in classifying both regular and singular extremal black holes.

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Jordan Frame Supergravity and Inflation in NMSSM

We present a complete explicit N=1, d=4 supergravity action in an arbitrary Jordan frame with non-minimal scalar-curvature coupling of the form $Φ(z, \bar z)\, R$. The action is derived by suitably gauge-fixing the superconformal action. The theory has a modified Kaehler geometry, and it exhibits a significant dependence on the frame function $Φ(z, \bar z)$ and its derivatives over scalars, in the bosonic as well as in the fermionic part of the action. Under certain simple conditions, the scalar kinetic terms in the Jordan frame have a canonical form. We consider an embedding of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) gauge theory into supergravity, clarifying the Higgs inflation model recently proposed by Einhorn and Jones. We find that the conditions for canonical kinetic terms are satisfied for the NMSSM scalars in the Jordan frame, which leads to a simple action. However, we find that the gauge singlet field experiences a strong tachyonic instability during inflation in this model. Thus, a modification of the model is required to support the Higgs-type inflation.

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Observations on Arithmetic Invariants and U-Duality Orbits in N =8 Supergravity

We establish a relation between time-like, light-like and space-like orbits of the non-compact E{7(7)}(R)symmetry and discrete E{7(7)}(Z) invariants. We discuss the U-duality invariant formula for the degeneracy of states d(Q) which in the approximation of large occupation numbers reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula for regular black holes with AdS_2 horizon. We explain why the states belonging to light-like orbits, corresponding to classical solutions of "light black holes with null singularity", decouple from the corresponding index. We also present a separate U-duality invariant formula for the class of light-like orbits specified by discrete E{7(7)}(Z) invariants. We conclude that the present study of the non-perturbative sector of the theory does not reveal any contradiction with the conjectured all-loop perturbative finiteness of D=4 N=8 supergravity.

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Perturbative and Non-perturbative N =8 Supergravity

We study extremal black holes, their ADM mass and area of the horizon in N = 8 supergravity. Contrary to intuition gained from N = 2, 4 theories, in N = 8 supergravity BPS states may become massless only at the boundary of moduli space. We show that stringy states described in [1], which have no mass gap and survive in the toroidal compactification in addition to massless states of perturbative N = 8 supergravity, display a null singularity in four-dimensional space-time, when viewed as solutions of N = 8 Einstein equations. We analyze known methods of resolving such singularities and explain why they do not work in D=4, N = 8 supergravity. We discuss possible implications for the issue of UV finiteness of the four-dimensional N = 8 perturbation theory.

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Charge Orbits of Extremal Black Holes in Five Dimensional Supergravity

We derive the U-duality charge orbits, as well as the related moduli spaces, of "large" and "small" extremal black holes in non-maximal ungauged Maxwell-Einstein supergravities with symmetric scalar manifolds in d=5 space-time dimensions. The stabilizer groups of the various classes of orbits are obtained by determining and solving suitable U-invariant sets of constraints, both in "bare" and "dressed" charges bases, with various methods. After a general treatment of attractors in real special geometry (also considering non-symmetric cases), the N=2 "magic" theories, as well as the N=2 Jordan symmetric sequence, are analyzed in detail. Finally, the half-maximal (N=4) matter-coupled supergravity is also studied in this context.

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Small N=2 Extremal Black Holes in Special Geometry

We provide an intrinsic classification of the large and small orbits for N=2, 4D extremal black holes on symmetric spaces which does not depend on the duality frame used for the charges or on the special coordinates. A coordinate independent formula for the fake superpotential W, which (at infinity) represents the black hole ADM mass, is given explicitly in terms of invariants of the N=2 special geometry.

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A special road to AdS vacua

We apply the techniques of special Kaehler geometry to investigate AdS_4 vacua of general N=2 gauged supergravities underlying flux compactifications of type II theories. We formulate the scalar potential and its extremization conditions in terms of a triplet of prepotentials P_x and their special Kaehler covariant derivatives only, in a form that recalls the potential and the attractor equations of N=2 black holes. We propose a system of first order equations for the P_x which generalize the supersymmetry conditions and yield non-supersymmetric vacua. Special geometry allows us to recast these equations in algebraic form, and we find an infinite class of new N=0 and N=1 AdS_4 solutions, displaying a rich pattern of non-trivial charges associated with NSNS and RR fluxes. Finally, by explicit evaluation of the entropy function on the solutions, we derive a U-duality invariant expression for the cosmological constant and the central charges of the dual CFT's.

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5d/4d U-dualities and N=8 black holes

We use the connection between the U-duality groups in d=5 and d=4 to derive properties of the N=8 black hole potential and its critical points (attractors). This approach allows to study and compare the supersymmetry features of different solutions.

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Universality of the superpotential for d = 4 extremal black holes

We provide a general strategy to obtain the superpotential W for both BPS and non-BPS extremal black holes in N=2 four dimensional supergravities based on symmetric spaces. This extends the construction of W in terms of U-duality invariants that was presented in previous work on the $t^3$ model. As an application, we explicitly provide W and the solutions to the related gradient flows for the $st^2$ and stu models. The procedure is shown to hold also for the full N=8 theory. The role of flat directions in moduli space is clarified.

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First order flows for N=2 extremal black holes and duality invariants

We derive explicitly the superpotential W for the non-BPS branch of N=2 extremal black holes in terms of duality invariants of special geometry. Although this is done for a one-modulus case (the t^3 model), the example gives $Z \neq 0$ black holes and captures the basic distinction from previous attempts on the quadratic series (vanishing C tensor) and from the other Z=0 cases. The superpotential W turns out to be a non-polynomial expression (containing radicals) of the basic duality invariant quantities. These are the same which enter in the quartic invariant I_4 for N=2 theories based on symmetric spaces. Using the flow equations generated by W, we also provide the analytic general solution for the warp factor and for the scalar field supporting the non-BPS black holes.

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Duality, Entropy and ADM Mass in Supergravity

We consider the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy-area formula in four dimensional extended ungauged supergravity and its electric-magnetic duality property. Symmetries of both "large" and "small" extremal black holes are considered, as well as the ADM mass formula for N=4 and N=8 supergravity, preserving different fraction of supersymmetry. The interplay between BPS conditions and duality properties is an important aspect of this investigation.

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Duality Rotations in Nonlinear Electrodynamics and in Extended Supergravity

We review the general theory of duality rotations which, in four dimensions, exchange electric with magnetic fields. Necessary and sufficient conditions in order for a theory to have duality symmetry are established. A nontrivial example is Born-Infeld theory with n abelian gauge fields and with Sp(2n,R) self-duality. We then review duality symmetry in supergravity theories. In the case of N=2 supergravity duality rotations are in general not a symmetry of the theory but a key ingredient in order to formulate the theory itself. This is due to the beautiful relation between the geometry of special Kaehler manifolds and duality rotations.

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Enriques and Octonionic Magic Supergravity Models

We reconsider the Enriques Calabi Yau (FHSV) model and its string derivation and argue that the Octonionic magic supergravity theory admits a string interpretation closely related to the Enriques model. The uplift to D=6 of the Octonionic magic model has 16 abelian vectors related to the rank of Type I and Heterotic strings.

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Black-Hole Attractors in N=1 Supergravity

We study the attractor mechanism for N=1 supergravity coupled to vector and chiral multiplets and compute the attractor equations of these theories. These equations may have solutions depending on the choice of the holomorphic symmetric matrix f_{ΛΣ} which appears in the kinetic lagrangian of the vector sector. Models with non trivial electric-magnetic duality group which have or have not attractor behavior are exhibited. For a particular class of models, based on an N=1 reduction of homogeneous special geometries, the attractor equations are related to the theory of pure spinors.

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