arXiv subjects

Shengyong Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Shengyong Chen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2025

SCSegamba: Lightweight Structure-Aware Vision Mamba for Crack Segmentation in Structures

Pixel-level segmentation of structural cracks across various scenarios remains a considerable challenge. Current methods encounter challenges in effectively modeling crack morphology and texture, facing challenges in balancing segmentation quality with low computational resource usage. To overcome these limitations, we propose a lightweight Structure-Aware Vision Mamba Network (SCSegamba), capable of generating high-quality pixel-level segmentation maps by leveraging both the morphological information and texture cues of crack pixels with minimal computational cost. Specifically, we developed a Structure-Aware Visual State Space module (SAVSS), which incorporates a lightweight Gated Bottleneck Convolution (GBC) and a Structure-Aware Scanning Strategy (SASS). The key insight of GBC lies in its effectiveness in modeling the morphological information of cracks, while the SASS enhances the perception of crack topology and texture by strengthening the continuity of semantic information between crack pixels. Experiments on crack benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods, achieving the highest performance with only 2.8M parameters. On the multi-scenario dataset, our method reached 0.8390 in F1 score and 0.8479 in mIoU. The code is available at https://github.com/Karl1109/SCSegamba.

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arXiv2025

Semantic Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping: A Survey

Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (vSLAM) has achieved great progress in the computer vision and robotics communities, and has been successfully used in many fields such as autonomous robot navigation and AR/VR. However, vSLAM cannot achieve good localization in dynamic and complex environments. Numerous publications have reported that, by combining with the semantic information with vSLAM, the semantic vSLAM systems have the capability of solving the above problems in recent years. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive survey about semantic vSLAM. To fill the gap, this paper first reviews the development of semantic vSLAM, explicitly focusing on its strengths and differences. Secondly, we explore three main issues of semantic vSLAM: the extraction and association of semantic information, the application of semantic information, and the advantages of semantic vSLAM. Then, we collect and analyze the current state-of-the-art SLAM datasets which have been widely used in semantic vSLAM systems. Finally, we discuss future directions that will provide a blueprint for the future development of semantic vSLAM.

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arXiv2025

Prototype-based Heterogeneous Federated Learning for Blade Icing Detection in Wind Turbines with Class Imbalanced Data

Wind farms, typically in high-latitude regions, face a high risk of blade icing. Traditional centralized training methods raise serious privacy concerns. To enhance data privacy in detecting wind turbine blade icing, traditional federated learning (FL) is employed. However, data heterogeneity, resulting from collections across wind farms in varying environmental conditions, impacts the model's optimization capabilities. Moreover, imbalances in wind turbine data lead to models that tend to favor recognizing majority classes, thus neglecting critical icing anomalies. To tackle these challenges, we propose a federated prototype learning model for class-imbalanced data in heterogeneous environments to detect wind turbine blade icing. We also propose a contrastive supervised loss function to address the class imbalance problem. Experiments on real data from 20 turbines across two wind farms show our method outperforms five FL models and five class imbalance methods, with an average improvement of 19.64\% in $ mF_β $ and 5.73\% in $ m $BA compared to the second-best method, BiFL.

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arXiv2025

Multiple Information Prompt Learning for Cloth-Changing Person Re-Identification

Cloth-changing person re-identification is a subject closer to the real world, which focuses on solving the problem of person re-identification after pedestrians change clothes. The primary challenge in this field is to overcome the complex interplay between intra-class and inter-class variations and to identify features that remain unaffected by changes in appearance. Sufficient data collection for model training would significantly aid in addressing this problem. However, it is challenging to gather diverse datasets in practice. Current methods focus on implicitly learning identity information from the original image or introducing additional auxiliary models, which are largely limited by the quality of the image and the performance of the additional model. To address these issues, inspired by prompt learning, we propose a novel multiple information prompt learning (MIPL) scheme for cloth-changing person ReID, which learns identity robust features through the common prompt guidance of multiple messages. Specifically, the clothing information stripping (CIS) module is designed to decouple the clothing information from the original RGB image features to counteract the influence of clothing appearance. The Bio-guided attention (BGA) module is proposed to increase the learning intensity of the model for key information. A dual-length hybrid patch (DHP) module is employed to make the features have diverse coverage to minimize the impact of feature bias. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms all state-of-the-art methods on the LTCC, Celeb-reID, Celeb-reID-light, and CSCC datasets, achieving rank-1 scores of 74.8%, 73.3%, 66.0%, and 88.1%, respectively. When compared to AIM (CVPR23), ACID (TIP23), and SCNet (MM23), MIPL achieves rank-1 improvements of 11.3%, 13.8%, and 7.9%, respectively, on the PRCC dataset.

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arXiv2024

Deep Learning for Detecting and Early Predicting Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease from Spirogram Time Series

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic lung condition characterized by airflow obstruction. Current diagnostic methods primarily rely on identifying prominent features in spirometry (Volume-Flow time series) to detect COPD, but they are not adept at predicting future COPD risk based on subtle data patterns. In this study, we introduce a novel deep learning-based approach, DeepSpiro, aimed at the early prediction of future COPD risk. DeepSpiro consists of four key components: SpiroSmoother for stabilizing the Volume-Flow curve, SpiroEncoder for capturing volume variability-pattern through key patches of varying lengths, SpiroExplainer for integrating heterogeneous data and explaining predictions through volume attention, and SpiroPredictor for predicting the disease risk of undiagnosed high-risk patients based on key patch concavity, with prediction horizons of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 years, or even longer. Evaluated on the UK Biobank dataset, DeepSpiro achieved an AUC of 0.8328 for COPD detection and demonstrated strong predictive performance for future COPD risk (p-value < 0.001). In summary, DeepSpiro can effectively predicts the long-term progression of the COPD disease.

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arXiv2024

Can Students Beyond The Teacher? Distilling Knowledge from Teacher's Bias

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a model compression technique that transfers knowledge from a large teacher model to a smaller student model to enhance its performance. Existing methods often assume that the student model is inherently inferior to the teacher model. However, we identify that the fundamental issue affecting student performance is the bias transferred by the teacher. Current KD frameworks transmit both right and wrong knowledge, introducing bias that misleads the student model. To address this issue, we propose a novel strategy to rectify bias and greatly improve the student model's performance. Our strategy involves three steps: First, we differentiate knowledge and design a bias elimination method to filter out biases, retaining only the right knowledge for the student model to learn. Next, we propose a bias rectification method to rectify the teacher model's wrong predictions, fundamentally addressing bias interference. The student model learns from both the right knowledge and the rectified biases, greatly improving its prediction accuracy. Additionally, we introduce a dynamic learning approach with a loss function that updates weights dynamically, allowing the student model to quickly learn right knowledge-based easy tasks initially and tackle hard tasks corresponding to biases later, greatly enhancing the student model's learning efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first strategy enabling the student model to surpass the teacher model. Experiments demonstrate that our strategy, as a plug-and-play module, is versatile across various mainstream KD frameworks. We will release our code after the paper is accepted.

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arXiv2024

Denoising-Contrastive Alignment for Continuous Sign Language Recognition

Continuous sign language recognition (CSLR) aims to recognize signs in untrimmed sign language videos to textual glosses. A key challenge of CSLR is achieving effective cross-modality alignment between video and gloss sequences to enhance video representation. However, current cross-modality alignment paradigms often neglect the role of textual grammar to guide the video representation in learning global temporal context, which adversely affects recognition performance. To tackle this limitation, we propose a Denoising-Contrastive Alignment (DCA) paradigm. DCA creatively leverages textual grammar to enhance video representations through two complementary approaches: modeling the instance correspondence between signs and glosses from a discrimination perspective and aligning their global context from a generative perspective. Specifically, DCA accomplishes flexible instance-level correspondence between signs and glosses using a contrastive loss. Building on this, DCA models global context alignment between the video and gloss sequences by denoising the gloss representation from noise, guided by video representation. Additionally, DCA introduces gradient modulation to optimize the alignment and recognition gradients, ensuring a more effective learning process. By integrating gloss-wise and global context knowledge, DCA significantly enhances video representations for CSLR tasks. Experimental results across public benchmarks validate the effectiveness of DCA and confirm its video representation enhancement feasibility.

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arXiv2024

An End-to-End Model for Time Series Classification In the Presence of Missing Values

Time series classification with missing data is a prevalent issue in time series analysis, as temporal data often contain missing values in practical applications. The traditional two-stage approach, which handles imputation and classification separately, can result in sub-optimal performance as label information is not utilized in the imputation process. On the other hand, a one-stage approach can learn features under missing information, but feature representation is limited as imputed errors are propagated in the classification process. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes an end-to-end neural network that unifies data imputation and representation learning within a single framework, allowing the imputation process to take advantage of label information. Differing from previous methods, our approach places less emphasis on the accuracy of imputation data and instead prioritizes classification performance. A specifically designed multi-scale feature learning module is implemented to extract useful information from the noise-imputation data. The proposed model is evaluated on 68 univariate time series datasets from the UCR archive, as well as a multivariate time series dataset with various missing data ratios and 4 real-world datasets with missing information. The results indicate that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art approaches for incomplete time series classification, particularly in scenarios with high levels of missing data.

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arXiv2024

Disentangling Imperfect: A Wavelet-Infused Multilevel Heterogeneous Network for Human Activity Recognition in Flawed Wearable Sensor Data

The popularity and diffusion of wearable devices provides new opportunities for sensor-based human activity recognition that leverages deep learning-based algorithms. Although impressive advances have been made, two major challenges remain. First, sensor data is often incomplete or noisy due to sensor placement and other issues as well as data transmission failure, calling for imputation of missing values, which also introduces noise. Second, human activity has multi-scale characteristics. Thus, different groups of people and even the same person may behave differently under different circumstances. To address these challenges, we propose a multilevel heterogeneous neural network, called MHNN, for sensor data analysis. We utilize multilevel discrete wavelet decomposition to extract multi-resolution features from sensor data. This enables distinguishing signals with different frequencies, thereby suppressing noise. As the components resulting from the decomposition are heterogeneous, we equip the proposed model with heterogeneous feature extractors that enable the learning of multi-scale features. Due to the complementarity of these features, we also include a cross aggregation module for enhancing their interactions. An experimental study using seven publicly available datasets offers evidence that MHNN can outperform other cutting-edge models and offers evidence of robustness to missing values and noise. An ablation study confirms the importance of each module.

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arXiv2023

High-order Spatial Interactions Enhanced Lightweight Model for Optical Remote Sensing Image-based Small Ship Detection

Accurate and reliable optical remote sensing image-based small-ship detection is crucial for maritime surveillance systems, but existing methods often struggle with balancing detection performance and computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a novel lightweight framework called \textit{HSI-ShipDetectionNet} that is based on high-order spatial interactions and is suitable for deployment on resource-limited platforms, such as satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles. HSI-ShipDetectionNet includes a prediction branch specifically for tiny ships and a lightweight hybrid attention block for reduced complexity. Additionally, the use of a high-order spatial interactions module improves advanced feature understanding and modeling ability. Our model is evaluated using the public Kaggle marine ship detection dataset and compared with multiple state-of-the-art models including small object detection models, lightweight detection models, and ship detection models. The results show that HSI-ShipDetectionNet outperforms the other models in terms of recall, and mean average precision (mAP) while being lightweight and suitable for deployment on resource-limited platforms.

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arXiv2022

DARTSRepair: Core-failure-set Guided DARTS for Network Robustness to Common Corruptions

Network architecture search (NAS), in particular the differentiable architecture search (DARTS) method, has shown a great power to learn excellent model architectures on the specific dataset of interest. In contrast to using a fixed dataset, in this work, we focus on a different but important scenario for NAS: how to refine a deployed network's model architecture to enhance its robustness with the guidance of a few collected and misclassified examples that are degraded by some real-world unknown corruptions having a specific pattern (e.g., noise, blur, etc.). To this end, we first conduct an empirical study to validate that the model architectures can be definitely related to the corruption patterns. Surprisingly, by just adding a few corrupted and misclassified examples (e.g., $10^3$ examples) to the clean training dataset (e.g., $5.0 \times 10^4$ examples), we can refine the model architecture and enhance the robustness significantly. To make it more practical, the key problem, i.e., how to select the proper failure examples for the effective NAS guidance, should be carefully investigated. Then, we propose a novel core-failure-set guided DARTS that embeds a K-center-greedy algorithm for DARTS to select suitable corrupted failure examples to refine the model architecture. We use our method for DARTS-refined DNNs on the clean as well as 15 corruptions with the guidance of four specific real-world corruptions. Compared with the state-of-the-art NAS as well as data-augmentation-based enhancement methods, our final method can achieve higher accuracy on both corrupted datasets and the original clean dataset. On some of the corruption patterns, we can achieve as high as over 45% absolute accuracy improvements.

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arXiv2022

Asymmetric Dual-Decoder U-Net for Joint Rain and Haze Removal

This work studies the joint rain and haze removal problem. In real-life scenarios, rain and haze, two often co-occurring common weather phenomena, can greatly degrade the clarity and quality of the scene images, leading to a performance drop in the visual applications, such as autonomous driving. However, jointly removing the rain and haze in scene images is ill-posed and challenging, where the existence of haze and rain and the change of atmosphere light, can both degrade the scene information. Current methods focus on the contamination removal part, thus ignoring the restoration of the scene information affected by the change of atmospheric light. We propose a novel deep neural network, named Asymmetric Dual-decoder U-Net (ADU-Net), to address the aforementioned challenge. The ADU-Net produces both the contamination residual and the scene residual to efficiently remove the rain and haze while preserving the fidelity of the scene information. Extensive experiments show our work outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods by a considerable margin in both synthetic data and real-world data benchmarks, including RainCityscapes, BID Rain, and SPA-Data. For instance, we improve the state-of-the-art PSNR value by 2.26/4.57 on the RainCityscapes/SPA-Data, respectively. Codes will be made available freely to the research community.

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arXiv2021

Adaptively Customizing Activation Functions for Various Layers

To enhance the nonlinearity of neural networks and increase their mapping abilities between the inputs and response variables, activation functions play a crucial role to model more complex relationships and patterns in the data. In this work, a novel methodology is proposed to adaptively customize activation functions only by adding very few parameters to the traditional activation functions such as Sigmoid, Tanh, and ReLU. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, some theoretical and experimental analysis on accelerating the convergence and improving the performance is presented, and a series of experiments are conducted based on various network models (such as AlexNet, VGGNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet and DenseNet), and various datasets (such as CIFAR10, CIFAR100, miniImageNet, PASCAL VOC and COCO) . To further verify the validity and suitability in various optimization strategies and usage scenarios, some comparison experiments are also implemented among different optimization strategies (such as SGD, Momentum, AdaGrad, AdaDelta and ADAM) and different recognition tasks like classification and detection. The results show that the proposed methodology is very simple but with significant performance in convergence speed, precision and generalization, and it can surpass other popular methods like ReLU and adaptive functions like Swish in almost all experiments in terms of overall performance.The code is publicly available at https://github.com/HuHaigen/Adaptively-Customizing-Activation-Functions. The package includes the proposed three adaptive activation functions for reproducibility purposes.

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arXiv2021

A Novel Patch Convolutional Neural Network for View-based 3D Model Retrieval

Recently, many view-based 3D model retrieval methods have been proposed and have achieved state-of-the-art performance. Most of these methods focus on extracting more discriminative view-level features and effectively aggregating the multi-view images of a 3D model, but the latent relationship among these multi-view images is not fully explored. Thus, we tackle this problem from the perspective of exploiting the relationships between patch features to capture long-range associations among multi-view images. To capture associations among views, in this work, we propose a novel patch convolutional neural network (PCNN) for view-based 3D model retrieval. Specifically, we first employ a CNN to extract patch features of each view image separately. Secondly, a novel neural network module named PatchConv is designed to exploit intrinsic relationships between neighboring patches in the feature space to capture long-range associations among multi-view images. Then, an adaptive weighted view layer is further embedded into PCNN to automatically assign a weight to each view according to the similarity between each view feature and the view-pooling feature. Finally, a discrimination loss function is employed to extract the discriminative 3D model feature, which consists of softmax loss values generated by the fusion lassifier and the specific classifier. Extensive experimental results on two public 3D model retrieval benchmarks, namely, the ModelNet40, and ModelNet10, demonstrate that our proposed PCNN can outperform state-of-the-art approaches, with mAP alues of 93.67%, and 96.23%, respectively.

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arXiv2021

Hybrid-Attention Guided Network with Multiple Resolution Features for Person Re-Identification

Extracting effective and discriminative features is very important for addressing the challenging person re-identification (re-ID) task. Prevailing deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) usually use high-level features for identifying pedestrian. However, some essential spatial information resided in low-level features such as shape, texture and color will be lost when learning the high-level features, due to extensive padding and pooling operations in the training stage. In addition, most existing person re-ID methods are mainly based on hand-craft bounding boxes where images are precisely aligned. It is unrealistic in practical applications, since the exploited object detection algorithms often produce inaccurate bounding boxes. This will inevitably degrade the performance of existing algorithms. To address these problems, we put forward a novel person re-ID model that fuses high- and low-level embeddings to reduce the information loss caused in learning high-level features. Then we divide the fused embedding into several parts and reconnect them to obtain the global feature and more significant local features, so as to alleviate the affect caused by the inaccurate bounding boxes. In addition, we also introduce the spatial and channel attention mechanisms in our model, which aims to mine more discriminative features related to the target. Finally, we reconstruct the feature extractor to ensure that our model can obtain more richer and robust features. Extensive experiments display the superiority of our approach compared with existing approaches. Our code is available at https://github.com/libraflower/MutipleFeature-for-PRID.

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arXiv2021

Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Cross-Resolution Person Re-identification

Person re-identification (re-ID) tackles the problem of matching person images with the same identity from different cameras. In practical applications, due to the differences in camera performance and distance between cameras and persons of interest, captured person images usually have various resolutions. We name this problem as Cross-Resolution Person Re-identification which brings a great challenge for matching correctly. In this paper, we propose a Deep High-Resolution Pseudo-Siamese Framework (PS-HRNet) to solve the above problem. Specifically, in order to restore the resolution of low-resolution images and make reasonable use of different channel information of feature maps, we introduce and innovate VDSR module with channel attention (CA) mechanism, named as VDSR-CA. Then we reform the HRNet by designing a novel representation head to extract discriminating features, named as HRNet-ReID. In addition, a pseudo-siamese framework is constructed to reduce the difference of feature distributions between low-resolution images and high-resolution images. The experimental results on five cross-resolution person datasets verify the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, our proposed PS-HRNet improves 3.4\%, 6.2\%, 2.5\%,1.1\% and 4.2\% at Rank-1 on MLR-Market-1501, MLR-CUHK03, MLR-VIPeR, MLR-DukeMTMC-reID, and CAVIAR datasets, respectively. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/zhguoqing}.

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arXiv2021

Improving auto-encoder novelty detection using channel attention and entropy minimization

Novelty detection is a important research area which mainly solves the classification problem of inliers which usually consists of normal samples and outliers composed of abnormal samples. Auto-encoder is often used for novelty detection. However, the generalization ability of the auto-encoder may cause the undesirable reconstruction of abnormal elements and reduce the identification ability of the model. To solve the problem, we focus on the perspective of better reconstructing the normal samples as well as retaining the unique information of normal samples to improve the performance of auto-encoder for novelty detection. Firstly, we introduce attention mechanism into the task. Under the action of attention mechanism, auto-encoder can pay more attention to the representation of inlier samples through adversarial training. Secondly, we apply the information entropy into the latent layer to make it sparse and constrain the expression of diversity. Experimental results on three public datasets show that the proposed method achieves comparable performance compared with previous popular approaches.

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arXiv2021

Independent Reinforcement Learning for Weakly Cooperative Multiagent Traffic Control Problem

The adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) problem can be modeled as a multiagent cooperative game among urban intersections, where intersections cooperate to optimize their common goal. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved marked successes in managing sequential decision making problems, which motivates us to apply RL in the ASTC problem. Here we use independent reinforcement learning (IRL) to solve a complex traffic cooperative control problem in this study. One of the largest challenges of this problem is that the observation information of intersection is typically partially observable, which limits the learning performance of IRL algorithms. To this, we model the traffic control problem as a partially observable weak cooperative traffic model (PO-WCTM) to optimize the overall traffic situation of a group of intersections. Different from a traditional IRL task that averages the returns of all agents in fully cooperative games, the learning goal of each intersection in PO-WCTM is to reduce the cooperative difficulty of learning, which is also consistent with the traffic environment hypothesis. We also propose an IRL algorithm called Cooperative Important Lenient Double DQN (CIL-DDQN), which extends Double DQN (DDQN) algorithm using two mechanisms: the forgetful experience mechanism and the lenient weight training mechanism. The former mechanism decreases the importance of experiences stored in the experience reply buffer, which deals with the problem of experience failure caused by the strategy change of other agents. The latter mechanism increases the weight experiences with high estimation and `leniently' trains the DDQN neural network, which improves the probability of the selection of cooperative joint strategies. Experimental results show that CIL-DDQN outperforms other methods in almost all performance indicators of the traffic control problem.

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